diff --git a/include/ircd/ctx/ctx.h b/include/ircd/ctx/ctx.h
index 417815207..54fb54faa 100644
--- a/include/ircd/ctx/ctx.h
+++ b/include/ircd/ctx/ctx.h
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ namespace ircd::ctx
 #include "concurrent.h"
 #include "concurrent_for_each.h"
 #include "trit.h"
+#include "posix.h"
 
 // Exports to ircd::
 namespace ircd
diff --git a/include/ircd/ctx/posix.h b/include/ircd/ctx/posix.h
index fc2c449dc..d5b10a1bd 100644
--- a/include/ircd/ctx/posix.h
+++ b/include/ircd/ctx/posix.h
@@ -1,647 +1,65 @@
 // The Construct
 //
 // Copyright (C) The Construct Developers, Authors & Contributors
-// Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Jason Volk <jason@zemos.net>
+// Copyright (C) 2016-2021 Jason Volk <jason@zemos.net>
 //
 // Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
 // purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 // copyright notice and this permission notice is present in all copies. The
 // full license for this software is available in the LICENSE file.
 
-#if !defined(__clockid_t)
-typedef clockid_t __clockid_t;
-#endif
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_create(pthread_t *const thread,
-                    const pthread_attr_t *const attr,
-                    void *(*const start_routine)(void *),
-                    void *const arg)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_join(pthread_t __th,
-                  void **__thread_return)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_tryjoin_np(pthread_t __th,
-                        void **__thread_return)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_timedjoin_np(pthread_t __th,
-                          void **__thread_return,
-                          const struct timespec *__abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_detach(pthread_t __th)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getcpuclockid(pthread_t __thread_id,
-                           __clockid_t *__clock_id)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_atfork(void (*__prepare)(void),
-                    void (*__parent)(void),
-                    void (*__child)(void))
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" void
-ircd_pthread_exit(void *const retval)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" pthread_t
-ircd_pthread_self(void)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Initialization
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_once(pthread_once_t *__once_control,
-                  void (*__init_routine)(void))
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Cancellation
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setcancelstate(int __state,
-                            int *__oldstate)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setcanceltype(int __type,
-                           int *__oldtype)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cancel(pthread_t __th)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" void
-ircd_pthread_testcancel(void)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Scheduling
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setschedparam(pthread_t __target_thread,
-                           int __policy,
-                           const struct sched_param *__param)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getschedparam(pthread_t __target_thread,
-                           int *__restrict __policy,
-                           struct sched_param *__restrict __param)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setschedprio(pthread_t __target_thread,
-                          int __prio)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getname_np(pthread_t __target_thread,
-                        char *__buf,
-                        size_t __buflen)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setname_np(pthread_t __target_thread,
-                        const char *__name)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getconcurrency(void)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setconcurrency(int __level)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_t __th,
-                            size_t __cpusetsize,
-                            const cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getaffinity_np(pthread_t __th,
-                            size_t __cpusetsize,
-                            cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_yield(void)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Attributes
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getdetachstate(const pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                                 int *__detachstate)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setdetachstate(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                                 int __detachstate)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getguardsize(const pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                               size_t *__guardsize)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setguardsize(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                               size_t __guardsize)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                struct sched_param *__restrict __param)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                const struct sched_param *__restrict __param)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                 int *__restrict __policy)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                                 int __policy)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getinheritsched(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                  int *__restrict __inherit)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setinheritsched(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                                  int __inherit)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getscope(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                           int *__restrict __scope)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setscope(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                           int __scope)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getstackaddr(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                               void **__restrict __stackaddr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setstackaddr(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                               void *__stackaddr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getstacksize(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                               size_t *__restrict __stacksize)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setstacksize(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                               size_t __stacksize)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getstack(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                           void **__restrict __stackaddr,
-                           size_t *__restrict __stacksize)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setstack(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                           void *__stackaddr,
-                           size_t __stacksize)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                                 size_t __cpusetsize,
-                                 const cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_attr_getaffinity_np(const pthread_attr_t *__attr,
-                                 size_t __cpusetsize,
-                                 cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getattr_default_np(pthread_attr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setattr_default_np(const pthread_attr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_getattr_np(pthread_t __th,
-                        pthread_attr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Thread-Local
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_key_create(pthread_key_t *__key,
-                        void (*__destr_function)(void *))
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_key_delete(pthread_key_t __key)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" void *
-ircd_pthread_getspecific(pthread_key_t __key)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t __key,
-                         const void *__pointer)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Spinlock
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_spin_init(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock,
-                       int __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_spin_destroy(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_spin_lock(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_spin_trylock(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_spin_unlock(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Mutex
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex,
-                        const pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_timedlock(pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
-                             const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_clocklock(pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
-                             clockid_t __clockid,
-                             const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_getprioceiling(const pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
-                                  int *__restrict __prioceiling)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_setprioceiling(pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
-                                  int __prioceiling,
-                                  int *__restrict __old_ceiling)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_consistent(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutex_consistent_np(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Mutex Attributes
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_init(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_destroy(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                  int *__restrict __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                  int __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_gettype(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                               int *__restrict __kind)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_settype(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                               int __kind)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                   int *__restrict __protocol)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                   int __protocol)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                      int *__restrict __prioceiling)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                      int __prioceiling)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getrobust(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                 int *__robustness)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                    int *__robustness)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                 int __robustness)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
-                                    int __robustness)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Shared Mutex
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
-                         const pthread_rwlockattr_t *__restrict __attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
-                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_clockrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
-                                clockid_t __clockid,
-                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
-                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_clockwrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
-                                clockid_t __clockid,
-                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Shared Mutex Attributes
-// 
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(const pthread_rwlockattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                   int *__restrict __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr,
-                                   int __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np(const pthread_rwlockattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                   int *__restrict __pref)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr,
-                                   int __pref)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Condition Variable
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *__restrict __cond,
-                       const pthread_condattr_t *__restrict __cond_attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *__cond)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *__cond)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *__cond)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *const __restrict __cond,
-                       pthread_mutex_t *const __restrict __mutex)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *const __restrict __cond,
-                            pthread_mutex_t *const __restrict __mutex,
-                            const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_cond_clockwait(pthread_cond_t *__restrict __cond,
-                            pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
-                            __clockid_t __clock_id,
-                            const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Condition Variable Attributes
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_condattr_init(pthread_condattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_condattr_destroy(pthread_condattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_condattr_getpshared(const pthread_condattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                 int *__restrict __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_condattr_setpshared(pthread_condattr_t *__attr,
-                                 int __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_condattr_getclock(const pthread_condattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                               __clockid_t *__restrict __clock_id)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_condattr_setclock(pthread_condattr_t *__attr,
-                               __clockid_t __clock_id)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Barrier
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrier_init(pthread_barrier_t *__restrict __barrier,
-                          const pthread_barrierattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                          unsigned int __count)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrier_destroy(pthread_barrier_t *__barrier)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrier_wait(pthread_barrier_t *__barrier)
-noexcept;
-
-//
-// Barrier Attributes
-//
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrierattr_init(pthread_barrierattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrierattr_destroy(pthread_barrierattr_t *__attr)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrierattr_getpshared(const pthread_barrierattr_t *__restrict __attr,
-                                    int *__restrict __pshared)
-noexcept;
-
-extern "C" int
-ircd_pthread_barrierattr_setpshared(pthread_barrierattr_t *__attr,
-                                    int __pshared)
-noexcept;
+namespace ircd::ctx::posix
+{
+	struct enable_pthread;
+	struct disable_pthread;
+
+	extern log::log log;
+	extern bool hook_pthread_create;
+	extern bool unhook_pthread_create;
+	extern std::vector<context> ctxs;
+}
+
+/// Instances of this object force all pthread_create() to create real
+/// pthreads. By default that decision is internally automated. The
+/// assertion made by this object takes precedence over instances of
+/// disable_pthread.
+struct ircd::ctx::posix::enable_pthread
+{
+	bool theirs
+	{
+		unhook_pthread_create
+	};
+
+	enable_pthread(const bool &ours = true)
+	{
+		unhook_pthread_create = ours;
+	}
+
+	~enable_pthread() noexcept
+	{
+		unhook_pthread_create = theirs;
+	}
+};
+
+/// Instances of this object force all pthread_create() to create ircd::context
+/// userspace threads rather than real pthreads(). By default this is
+/// determined internally, but instances of this object will force that behavior
+/// in all cases except when instances of enable_pthread exist, which takes
+/// precedence.
+struct ircd::ctx::posix::disable_pthread
+{
+	bool theirs
+	{
+		hook_pthread_create
+	};
+
+	disable_pthread(const bool &ours = true)
+	{
+		hook_pthread_create = ours;
+	}
+
+	~disable_pthread()
+	{
+		hook_pthread_create = theirs;
+	}
+};
diff --git a/ircd/ctx_posix.cc b/ircd/ctx_posix.cc
index a3fb245c6..e2a207374 100644
--- a/ircd/ctx_posix.cc
+++ b/ircd/ctx_posix.cc
@@ -17,16 +17,13 @@
 //
 
 #include <pthread.h>
-#include <ircd/ctx/posix.h>
+#include "ctx_posix.h"
 
 //#define IRCD_PTHREAD_DEADLK_CHK
 
 namespace ircd::ctx::posix
 {
 	static bool is(const pthread_t &) noexcept;
-
-	extern std::vector<context> ctxs;
-	extern log::log log;
 }
 
 using ircd::always_assert;
@@ -37,6 +34,18 @@ ircd::ctx::posix::log
 	"ctx.posix"
 };
 
+/// When asserted true, real pthread is never created and ircd::ctx is
+/// spawned instead. By default it's false, which will allow other settings
+/// or automated determination to decide.
+decltype(ircd::ctx::posix::hook_pthread_create)
+ircd::ctx::posix::hook_pthread_create;
+
+/// When asserted true, real pthread is always created and ircd::ctx is
+/// never spawned. By default it's false, which will allow other settings
+/// or automated determination to decide.
+decltype(ircd::ctx::posix::unhook_pthread_create)
+ircd::ctx::posix::unhook_pthread_create;
+
 decltype(ircd::ctx::posix::ctxs)
 ircd::ctx::posix::ctxs;
 
@@ -57,7 +66,19 @@ IRCD_WRAP(pthread_create, "__wrap_pthread_create",
 	void *(*const start_routine)(void *),
 	void *const arg
 ), {
-	return ircd::ctx::current?
+	const bool hook_enabled
+	{
+		// When enable_pthread is asserted, the hook is never enabled.
+		!ircd::ctx::posix::unhook_pthread_create
+
+		// When disable_pthread is asserted, the hook is otherwise enabled.
+		// Otherwise if we're already running on an ircd::ctx stack we continue
+		// to spawn more ircd::ctx. By default on another stack (or main stack)
+		// we spawn a true pthread.
+		&& (ircd::ctx::posix::hook_pthread_create || ircd::ctx::current)
+	};
+
+	return hook_enabled?
 		ircd_pthread_create(thread, attr, start_routine, arg):
 		__real_pthread_create(thread, attr, start_routine, arg);
 })
diff --git a/ircd/ctx_posix.h b/ircd/ctx_posix.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..08fdae63e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ircd/ctx_posix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,651 @@
+// The Construct
+//
+// Copyright (C) The Construct Developers, Authors & Contributors
+// Copyright (C) 2016-2021 Jason Volk <jason@zemos.net>
+//
+// Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+// purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+// copyright notice and this permission notice is present in all copies. The
+// full license for this software is available in the LICENSE file.
+
+#pragma GCC visibility push(hidden)
+
+#if !defined(__clockid_t)
+typedef clockid_t __clockid_t;
+#endif
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_create(pthread_t *const thread,
+                    const pthread_attr_t *const attr,
+                    void *(*const start_routine)(void *),
+                    void *const arg)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_join(pthread_t __th,
+                  void **__thread_return)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_tryjoin_np(pthread_t __th,
+                        void **__thread_return)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_timedjoin_np(pthread_t __th,
+                          void **__thread_return,
+                          const struct timespec *__abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_detach(pthread_t __th)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getcpuclockid(pthread_t __thread_id,
+                           __clockid_t *__clock_id)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_atfork(void (*__prepare)(void),
+                    void (*__parent)(void),
+                    void (*__child)(void))
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" void
+ircd_pthread_exit(void *const retval)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" pthread_t
+ircd_pthread_self(void)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Initialization
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_once(pthread_once_t *__once_control,
+                  void (*__init_routine)(void))
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Cancellation
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setcancelstate(int __state,
+                            int *__oldstate)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setcanceltype(int __type,
+                           int *__oldtype)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cancel(pthread_t __th)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" void
+ircd_pthread_testcancel(void)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Scheduling
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setschedparam(pthread_t __target_thread,
+                           int __policy,
+                           const struct sched_param *__param)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getschedparam(pthread_t __target_thread,
+                           int *__restrict __policy,
+                           struct sched_param *__restrict __param)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setschedprio(pthread_t __target_thread,
+                          int __prio)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getname_np(pthread_t __target_thread,
+                        char *__buf,
+                        size_t __buflen)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setname_np(pthread_t __target_thread,
+                        const char *__name)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getconcurrency(void)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setconcurrency(int __level)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_t __th,
+                            size_t __cpusetsize,
+                            const cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getaffinity_np(pthread_t __th,
+                            size_t __cpusetsize,
+                            cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_yield(void)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Attributes
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getdetachstate(const pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                                 int *__detachstate)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setdetachstate(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                                 int __detachstate)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getguardsize(const pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                               size_t *__guardsize)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setguardsize(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                               size_t __guardsize)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                struct sched_param *__restrict __param)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                const struct sched_param *__restrict __param)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                 int *__restrict __policy)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                                 int __policy)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getinheritsched(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                  int *__restrict __inherit)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setinheritsched(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                                  int __inherit)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getscope(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                           int *__restrict __scope)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setscope(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                           int __scope)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getstackaddr(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                               void **__restrict __stackaddr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setstackaddr(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                               void *__stackaddr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getstacksize(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                               size_t *__restrict __stacksize)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setstacksize(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                               size_t __stacksize)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getstack(const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                           void **__restrict __stackaddr,
+                           size_t *__restrict __stacksize)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setstack(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                           void *__stackaddr,
+                           size_t __stacksize)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                                 size_t __cpusetsize,
+                                 const cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_attr_getaffinity_np(const pthread_attr_t *__attr,
+                                 size_t __cpusetsize,
+                                 cpu_set_t *__cpuset)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getattr_default_np(pthread_attr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setattr_default_np(const pthread_attr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_getattr_np(pthread_t __th,
+                        pthread_attr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Thread-Local
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_key_create(pthread_key_t *__key,
+                        void (*__destr_function)(void *))
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_key_delete(pthread_key_t __key)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" void *
+ircd_pthread_getspecific(pthread_key_t __key)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t __key,
+                         const void *__pointer)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Spinlock
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_spin_init(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock,
+                       int __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_spin_destroy(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_spin_lock(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_spin_trylock(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_spin_unlock(pthread_spinlock_t *__lock)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Mutex
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex,
+                        const pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_timedlock(pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
+                             const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_clocklock(pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
+                             clockid_t __clockid,
+                             const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_getprioceiling(const pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
+                                  int *__restrict __prioceiling)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_setprioceiling(pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
+                                  int __prioceiling,
+                                  int *__restrict __old_ceiling)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_consistent(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutex_consistent_np(pthread_mutex_t *__mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Mutex Attributes
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_init(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_destroy(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                  int *__restrict __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                  int __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_gettype(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                               int *__restrict __kind)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_settype(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                               int __kind)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                   int *__restrict __protocol)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                   int __protocol)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                      int *__restrict __prioceiling)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                      int __prioceiling)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getrobust(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                 int *__robustness)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np(const pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                    int *__robustness)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                 int __robustness)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np(pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+                                    int __robustness)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Shared Mutex
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
+                         const pthread_rwlockattr_t *__restrict __attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
+                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_clockrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
+                                clockid_t __clockid,
+                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
+                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_clockwrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__restrict __rwlock,
+                                clockid_t __clockid,
+                                const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t *__rwlock)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Shared Mutex Attributes
+// 
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(const pthread_rwlockattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                   int *__restrict __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr,
+                                   int __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np(const pthread_rwlockattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                   int *__restrict __pref)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np(pthread_rwlockattr_t *__attr,
+                                   int __pref)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Condition Variable
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *__restrict __cond,
+                       const pthread_condattr_t *__restrict __cond_attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *__cond)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *__cond)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *__cond)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *const __restrict __cond,
+                       pthread_mutex_t *const __restrict __mutex)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *const __restrict __cond,
+                            pthread_mutex_t *const __restrict __mutex,
+                            const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_cond_clockwait(pthread_cond_t *__restrict __cond,
+                            pthread_mutex_t *__restrict __mutex,
+                            __clockid_t __clock_id,
+                            const struct timespec *__restrict __abstime)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Condition Variable Attributes
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_condattr_init(pthread_condattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_condattr_destroy(pthread_condattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_condattr_getpshared(const pthread_condattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                 int *__restrict __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_condattr_setpshared(pthread_condattr_t *__attr,
+                                 int __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_condattr_getclock(const pthread_condattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                               __clockid_t *__restrict __clock_id)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_condattr_setclock(pthread_condattr_t *__attr,
+                               __clockid_t __clock_id)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Barrier
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrier_init(pthread_barrier_t *__restrict __barrier,
+                          const pthread_barrierattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                          unsigned int __count)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrier_destroy(pthread_barrier_t *__barrier)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrier_wait(pthread_barrier_t *__barrier)
+noexcept;
+
+//
+// Barrier Attributes
+//
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrierattr_init(pthread_barrierattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrierattr_destroy(pthread_barrierattr_t *__attr)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrierattr_getpshared(const pthread_barrierattr_t *__restrict __attr,
+                                    int *__restrict __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+extern "C" int
+ircd_pthread_barrierattr_setpshared(pthread_barrierattr_t *__attr,
+                                    int __pshared)
+noexcept;
+
+#pragma GCC visibility pop // hidden