/* * charybdis: standing on the shoulders of giant build times * * Copyright (C) 2017 Charybdis Development Team * Copyright (C) 2017 Jason Volk * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above * copyright notice and this permission notice is present in all copies. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT ( ircd::json::doc::member, ( decltype(ircd::json::doc::member::first), first ) ( decltype(ircd::json::doc::member::second), second ) ) namespace ircd { namespace json { namespace spirit = boost::spirit; namespace ascii = spirit::ascii; namespace karma = spirit::karma; namespace qi = spirit::qi; using spirit::unused_type; using qi::lit; using qi::char_; using qi::long_; using qi::double_; using qi::raw; using qi::omit; using qi::matches; using qi::hold; using qi::eoi; using qi::eps; using qi::attr; using karma::lit; using karma::char_; using karma::long_; using karma::double_; using karma::bool_; using karma::maxwidth; using karma::buffer; using karma::eps; using karma::attr_cast; template struct input :qi::grammar { template using rule = qi::rule; rule<> NUL { lit('\0') ,"nul" }; // insignificant whitespaces rule<> SP { lit('\x20') ,"space" }; rule<> HT { lit('\x09') ,"horizontal tab" }; rule<> CR { lit('\x0D') ,"carriage return" }; rule<> LF { lit('\x0A') ,"line feed" }; // whitespace skipping rule<> WS { SP | HT | CR | LF ,"whitespace" }; rule<> ws { *(WS) ,"whitespace monoid" }; rule<> wsp { +(WS) ,"whitespace semigroup" }; // structural rule<> object_begin { lit('{') ,"object begin" }; rule<> object_end { lit('}') ,"object end" }; rule<> array_begin { lit('[') ,"array begin" }; rule<> array_end { lit(']') ,"array end" }; rule<> name_sep { lit(':') ,"name sep" }; rule<> value_sep { lit(',') ,"value sep" }; // literal rule lit_true { lit("true") ,"literal true" }; rule lit_false { lit("false") ,"literal false" }; rule lit_null { lit("null") ,"literal null" }; rule<> quote { lit('"') ,"quote" }; rule chars { raw[*(char_ - quote)] ,"characters" }; rule string { quote >> chars >> quote ,"string" }; rule name { string ,"name" }; rule boolean { lit_true | lit_false ,"boolean" }; rule literal { lit_true | lit_false | lit_null ,"literal" }; rule number { raw[double_] ,"number" }; rule array { array_begin >> -(omit[ws >> value >> ws] % value_sep) >> ws >> array_end ,"array" }; rule object { object_begin >> -(omit[ws >> member >> ws] % value_sep) >> ws >> object_end ,"object" }; rule value { lit_false | lit_true | lit_null | object | array | number | string ,"value" }; rule member { name >> ws >> name_sep >> ws >> value ,"member" }; rule type { (omit[object_begin] >> attr(json::OBJECT)) | (omit[array_begin] >> attr(json::ARRAY)) | (omit[quote] >> attr(json::STRING)) | (omit[number] >> attr(json::NUMBER)) | (omit[literal] >> attr(json::LITERAL)) ,"type" }; input() :input::base_type{rule<>{}} { array %= array_begin >> -(omit[ws >> value >> ws] % value_sep) >> ws >> array_end; object %= object_begin >> -(omit[ws >> member >> ws] % value_sep) >> ws >> object_end; } }; template struct output :karma::grammar { template using rule = karma::rule; rule<> NUL { lit('\0') ,"nul" }; // insignificant whitespaces rule<> SP { lit('\x20') ,"space" }; rule<> HT { lit('\x09') ,"horizontal tab" }; rule<> CR { lit('\x0D') ,"carriage return" }; rule<> LF { lit('\x0A') ,"line feed" }; // whitespace skipping rule<> WS { SP | HT | CR | LF ,"whitespace" }; rule<> ws { *(WS) ,"whitespace monoid" }; rule<> wsp { +(WS) ,"whitespace semigroup" }; // structural rule<> object_begin { lit('{') ,"object begin" }; rule<> object_end { lit('}') ,"object end" }; rule<> array_begin { lit('[') ,"array begin" }; rule<> array_end { lit(']') ,"array end" }; rule<> name_sep { lit(':') ,"name separator" }; rule<> value_sep { lit(',') ,"value separator" }; rule<> quote { lit('"') ,"quote" }; rule lit_true { karma::string("true") ,"literal true" }; rule lit_false { karma::string("false") ,"literal false" }; rule lit_null { karma::string("null") ,"literal null" }; rule boolean { lit_true | lit_false ,"boolean" }; rule literal { lit_true | lit_false | lit_null ,"literal" }; rule chars { *(~char_('"')) ,"characters" }; rule string { quote << chars << quote ,"string" }; rule number { double_ ,"number" }; rule name { string ,"name" }; rule value { rule{} /* subclass implemented */ ,"value" }; rule member { name << name_sep << value ,"member" }; rule elem { value ,"element" }; rule elems { -(value % value_sep) ,"elements" }; rule array { array_begin << elems << array_end ,"array" }; rule members { -(member % value_sep) ,"members" }; rule document { object_begin << members << object_end ,"document" }; output() :output::base_type{rule<>{}} {} }; } // namespace json } // namespace ircd namespace ircd { namespace json { struct parser :input { using input::input; } const parser; struct printer :output { printer(); } const printer; struct ostreamer :output> { ostreamer(); } const ostreamer; size_t print(char *const &buf, const size_t &max, const arr &); size_t print(char *const &buf, const size_t &max, const doc &); size_t print(char *const &buf, const size_t &max, const obj &); arr serialize(const arr &, char *&start, char *const &stop); doc serialize(const doc &, char *&start, char *const &stop); doc serialize(const obj &, char *&start, char *const &stop); std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &, const arr &); std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &, const doc::member &); std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &, const doc &); std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &, const obj &); } // namespace json } // namespace ircd namespace ircd { namespace db { namespace json { std::string merge_operator(const string_view &key, const std::pair &delta) { ircd::json::obj obj{delta.first}; obj += delta.second; return obj; } } // namespace json } // namespace db } // namespace ircd ircd::json::printer::printer() { const auto recursor([this](auto &a, auto &b, auto &c) { const auto recurse_array([&] { char *out(const_cast(a.data())); const arr r(serialize(json::arr(a), out, out + a.size())); a.resize(size_t(out - r.data())); }); const auto recurse_document([&] { char *out(const_cast(a.data())); const doc d(serialize(json::doc(a), out, out + a.size())); a.resize(size_t(out - d.data())); }); const auto quote_string([&] { a.insert(a.end(), '"'); a.insert(a.begin(), '"'); }); if(likely(!a.empty())) switch(a.front()) { case '{': recurse_document(); break; case '[': recurse_array(); break; case '"': break; case '0': break; case '1': break; case '2': break; case '3': break; case '4': break; case '5': break; case '6': break; case '7': break; case '8': break; case '9': break; case 't': case 'f': case 'n': if(a == "true" || a == "false" || a == "null") break; default: quote_string(); break; } }); value %= karma::string[recursor]; } ircd::json::ostreamer::ostreamer() { const auto recursor([this](auto &a, auto &b, auto &c) { const auto recurse_array([&] { char *out(const_cast(a.data())); const arr r(serialize(json::arr(a), out, out + a.size())); a.resize(size_t(out - r.data())); }); const auto recurse_document([&] { char *out(const_cast(a.data())); const doc d(serialize(json::doc(a), out, out + a.size())); a.resize(size_t(out - d.data())); }); const auto quote_string([&] { a.insert(a.end(), '"'); a.insert(a.begin(), '"'); }); if(likely(!a.empty())) switch(a.front()) { case '{': recurse_document(); break; case '[': recurse_array(); break; case '"': break; case '0': break; case '1': break; case '2': break; case '3': break; case '4': break; case '5': break; case '6': break; case '7': break; case '8': break; case '9': break; case 't': case 'f': case 'n': if(a == "true" || a == "false" || a == "null") break; default: quote_string(); break; } }); value %= karma::string[recursor]; } size_t ircd::json::print(char *const &buf, const size_t &max, const obj &obj) { if(unlikely(!max)) return 0; char *out(buf); serialize(obj, out, out + (max - 1)); *out = '\0'; return out - buf; } ircd::json::doc ircd::json::serialize(const obj &obj, char *&out, char *const &stop) { static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to serialize object"); }); const auto print_string([&stop, &out](const val &val) { karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.string] | eps[throws], string_view{val}); }); const auto print_literal([&stop, &out](const val &val) { karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[karma::string] | eps[throws], string_view{val}); }); const auto print_object([&stop, &out](const val &val) { if(val.serial) { karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.document] | eps[throws], string_view{val}); return; } assert(val.object); serialize(*val.object, out, stop); }); const auto print_array([&stop, &out](const val &val) { if(val.serial) { karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.array] | eps[throws], string_view{val}); return; } assert(0); //assert(val.object); //serialize(*val.object, out, stop); }); const auto print_number([&stop, &out](const val &val) { if(val.serial) { if(val.floats) karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[double_] | eps[throws], string_view{val}); else karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[long_] | eps[throws], string_view{val}); return; } if(val.floats) karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[double_] | eps[throws], val.floating); else karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[long_] | eps[throws], val.integer); }); const auto print_member([&](const obj::member &member) { const auto generate_name { maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.name << printer.name_sep] | eps[throws] }; karma::generate(out, generate_name, member.first); switch(member.second.type) { case STRING: print_string(member.second); break; case OBJECT: print_object(member.second); break; case ARRAY: print_array(member.second); break; case NUMBER: print_number(member.second); break; case LITERAL: print_literal(member.second); break; } }); char *const start(out); karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.object_begin] | eps[throws]); auto it(begin(obj)); if(it != end(obj)) { print_member(*it); for(++it; it != end(obj); ++it) { karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.value_sep] | eps[throws]); print_member(*it); } } karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.object_end] | eps[throws]); return string_view{start, out}; } std::ostream & ircd::json::operator<<(std::ostream &s, const obj &obj) { karma::ostream_iterator osi(s); static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to output object to stream"); }); const auto stream_string([&osi](const val &val) { karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.string, string_view{val}); }); const auto stream_literal([&osi](const val &val) { karma::generate(osi, karma::string, string_view{val}); }); const auto stream_object([&osi, &s](const val &val) { if(val.serial) { karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.document, string_view{val}); return; } assert(val.object); s << *val.object; }); const auto stream_array([&osi](const val &val) { if(val.serial) { karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.array, string_view{val}); return; } assert(0); //assert(val.object); //s << *val.object; }); const auto stream_number([&osi](const val &val) { if(val.serial) { if(val.floats) karma::generate(osi, double_, string_view{val}); else karma::generate(osi, long_, string_view{val}); return; } if(val.floats) karma::generate(osi, double_, val.floating); else karma::generate(osi, long_, val.integer); }); const auto stream_member([&](const obj::member &member) { karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.name << ostreamer.name_sep, string_view(member.first)); switch(member.second.type) { case STRING: stream_string(member.second); break; case OBJECT: stream_object(member.second); break; case ARRAY: stream_array(member.second); break; case NUMBER: stream_number(member.second); break; case LITERAL: stream_literal(member.second); break; } }); karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.object_begin); auto it(begin(obj)); if(it != end(obj)) { stream_member(*it); for(++it; it != end(obj); ++it) { karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.value_sep); stream_member(*it); } } karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.object_end); return s; } ircd::json::obj::obj(merge_t, const std::initializer_list &merge) :idx { std::accumulate(std::begin(merge), std::end(merge), size_t(0), [] (auto sum, const auto &doc) { return sum += doc.count(); }) } { auto it(std::begin(idx)); for(auto dit(std::rbegin(merge)); dit != std::rend(merge); ++dit) for(const doc::member &m : *dit) { *it = obj::member{m}; ++it; } std::stable_sort(std::begin(idx), std::end(idx)); const auto e(std::unique(std::begin(idx), std::end(idx))); idx.erase(e, std::end(idx)); } ircd::json::obj::obj(const doc &doc, const bool &recurse) :idx{doc.count()} { const auto non_recursive_transform([] (const doc::member &m) -> obj::member { return obj::member{m}; }); const auto recursive_transform([&non_recursive_transform] (const doc::member &m) -> obj::member { switch(type(m.second)) { case OBJECT: return obj::member{m.first, std::make_unique(m.second)}; default: return non_recursive_transform(m); }; }); if(recurse) std::transform(std::begin(doc), std::end(doc), std::begin(idx), recursive_transform); else std::transform(std::begin(doc), std::end(doc), std::begin(idx), non_recursive_transform); } ircd::json::obj::obj(std::initializer_list builder) :idx{builder.size()} { std::transform(std::begin(builder), std::end(builder), std::begin(idx), [] (auto&& m) { return std::move(const_cast(m)); }); } bool ircd::json::obj::erase(const string_view &name) { const auto it(find(name)); if(it == end()) return false; erase(it); return true; } void ircd::json::obj::erase(const const_iterator &it) { idx.erase(it); } ircd::json::obj::const_iterator ircd::json::obj::erase(const const_iterator &start, const const_iterator &stop) { return { idx.erase(start, stop) }; } const ircd::json::val & ircd::json::obj::at(const string_view &path) const { const auto elem(split(path, '.')); const auto ident(split(elem.first, '[')); const auto &name(ident.first); const auto &indice(ident.second); const auto it(find(name)); if(unlikely(it == end())) throw not_found("'%s'", name); const auto &val(it->second); if(!indice.empty()) { const auto idx(lex_cast(chomp(indice, "]"))); if(type(val) != ARRAY) throw not_found("cannot recurse through non-array \"%s\" for indice [%zu]", name, idx); if(val.serial) throw not_found("cannot recurse through unparsed array \"%s\" for indice [%zu]", name, idx); assert(0); //return val.array->at(idx); } else if(!elem.second.empty()) { if(type(val) != OBJECT) throw not_found("cannot recurse through non-object \"%s\" for \"%s\"", name, elem.second); if(val.serial) throw not_found("cannot recurse through unparsed object \"%s\" for \"%s\"", name, elem.second); return val.object->at(elem.second); } return it->second; } size_t ircd::json::obj::size() const { const size_t ret(1 + idx.empty()); return std::accumulate(std::begin(idx), std::end(idx), ret, [this] (auto ret, const auto &member) { return ret += member.first.size() + 1 + 1 + member.second.size() + 1; }); } ircd::json::obj::operator std::string() const { std::string ret(size(), char()); ret.resize(print(const_cast(ret.data()), ret.size() + 1, *this)); return ret; } inline ircd::json::val::~val() noexcept { switch(type) { case STRING: if(alloc) delete[] string; break; case OBJECT: if(alloc) delete object; break; //case ARRAY: if(alloc) delete array; break; default: break; } } ircd::json::val::operator std::string() const { switch(type) { case STRING: case LITERAL: return std::string(unquote(string_view(*this))); case OBJECT: if(serial) return std::string(string_view(*this)); else return std::string(*object); case ARRAY: if(serial) return std::string(string_view(*this)); else break; case NUMBER: if(serial) return std::string(string_view(*this)); else if(floats) return std::string(lex_cast(floating)); else return std::string(lex_cast(integer)); } throw type_error("cannot stringify type[%d]", int(type)); } ircd::json::val::operator string_view() const { switch(type) { case STRING: return unquote(string_view{string, len}); case ARRAY: case OBJECT: case NUMBER: case LITERAL: if(serial) return string_view{string, len}; else break; } throw type_error("value type[%d] is not a string", int(type)); } size_t ircd::json::val::size() const { switch(type) { case NUMBER: return lex_cast(integer).size(); case STRING: return 1 + len + 1; case OBJECT: return serial? len : object->size(); case ARRAY: return serial? len : 2; case LITERAL: return len; }; throw type_error("cannot size type[%u]", int(type)); } std::ostream & ircd::json::operator<<(std::ostream &s, const val &v) { switch(v.type) { case STRING: case LITERAL: s << string_view(v); break; case OBJECT: if(v.serial) s << string_view(v); else s << *v.object; break; case ARRAY: if(v.serial) s << string_view(v); else assert(0); break; case NUMBER: if(v.serial) s << string_view(v); else if(v.floats) s << v.floating; else s << v.integer; break; } return s; } inline bool ircd::json::operator>(const val &a, const val &b) { if(unlikely(type(a) != STRING || type(b) != STRING)) throw type_error("cannot compare values"); return static_cast(a) > static_cast(b); } inline bool ircd::json::operator<(const val &a, const val &b) { if(unlikely(type(a) != STRING || type(b) != STRING)) throw type_error("cannot compare values"); return static_cast(a) < static_cast(b); } inline bool ircd::json::operator>=(const val &a, const val &b) { if(unlikely(type(a) != STRING || type(b) != STRING)) throw type_error("cannot compare values"); return static_cast(a) >= static_cast(b); } inline bool ircd::json::operator<=(const val &a, const val &b) { if(unlikely(type(a) != STRING || type(b) != STRING)) throw type_error("cannot compare values"); return static_cast(a) <= static_cast(b); } inline bool ircd::json::operator!=(const val &a, const val &b) { if(unlikely(type(a) != STRING || type(b) != STRING)) throw type_error("cannot compare values"); return static_cast(a) != static_cast(b); } inline bool ircd::json::operator==(const val &a, const val &b) { if(unlikely(type(a) != STRING || type(b) != STRING)) throw type_error("cannot compare values"); return static_cast(a) == static_cast(b); } size_t ircd::json::print(char *const &buf, const size_t &max, const doc &doc) { if(unlikely(!max)) return 0; char *out(buf); serialize(doc, out, out + (max - 1)); *out = '\0'; return std::distance(buf, out); } ircd::json::doc ircd::json::serialize(const doc &doc, char *&out, char *const &stop) { static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to print document"); }); char *const start(out); karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - start)[printer.document] | eps[throws], doc); return string_view{start, out}; } std::ostream & ircd::json::operator<<(std::ostream &s, const doc &doc) { const auto &os(ostreamer); static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to output document to stream"); }); karma::ostream_iterator osi(s); karma::generate(osi, os.document | eps[throws], doc); return s; } std::ostream & ircd::json::operator<<(std::ostream &s, const doc::member &member) { static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to output document member to stream"); }); karma::ostream_iterator osi(s); karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.member | eps[throws], member); return s; } ircd::json::doc::const_iterator & ircd::json::doc::const_iterator::operator++() { static const qi::rule member { parser.name >> parser.ws >> parser.name_sep >> parser.ws >> raw[parser.value] }; static const qi::rule parse_next { parser.object_end | (parser.value_sep >> parser.ws >> member) }; state.first = string_view{}; state.second = string_view{}; if(!qi::phrase_parse(start, stop, parse_next, parser.WS, state)) start = stop; return *this; } ircd::json::doc::operator std::string() const { //TODO: tmp std::stringstream ret; ret << (*this); return ret.str(); } ircd::json::doc::const_iterator ircd::json::doc::begin() const { static const qi::rule member { parser.name >> parser.ws >> parser.name_sep >> parser.ws >> raw[parser.value] }; static const qi::rule parse_begin { parser.object_begin >> parser.ws >> (parser.object_end | member) }; const_iterator ret(string_view::begin(), string_view::end()); if(!qi::phrase_parse(ret.start, ret.stop, parse_begin, parser.WS, ret.state)) ret.start = ret.stop; return ret; } ircd::json::doc::const_iterator ircd::json::doc::end() const { return { string_view::end(), string_view::end() }; } size_t ircd::json::print(char *const &buf, const size_t &max, const arr &arr) { if(unlikely(!max)) return 0; char *out(buf); serialize(arr, out, out + (max - 1)); *out = '\0'; return std::distance(buf, out); } ircd::json::arr ircd::json::serialize(const arr &a, char *&out, char *const &stop) { static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to print array"); }); char *const start(out); karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.array_begin] | eps[throws]); auto it(begin(a)); if(it != end(a)) { karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.elem] | eps[throws], *it); for(++it; it != end(a); ++it) karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.value_sep << printer.elem] | eps[throws], *it); } karma::generate(out, maxwidth(stop - out)[printer.array_end] | eps[throws]); return string_view{start, out}; } std::ostream & ircd::json::operator<<(std::ostream &s, const arr &a) { const auto &os(ostreamer); static const auto throws([] { throw print_error("The JSON generator failed to output array to stream"); }); karma::ostream_iterator osi(s); karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.array_begin | eps[throws]); auto it(begin(a)); if(it != end(a)) { karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.elem | eps[throws], *it); for(++it; it != end(a); ++it) karma::generate(osi, (ostreamer.value_sep << ostreamer.elem) | eps[throws], *it); } karma::generate(osi, ostreamer.array_end | eps[throws]); return s; } ircd::json::arr::const_iterator & ircd::json::arr::const_iterator::operator++() { static const qi::rule parse_next { parser.array_end | (parser.value_sep >> parser.ws >> raw[parser.value]) }; state = string_view{}; if(!qi::phrase_parse(start, stop, parse_next, parser.WS, state)) start = stop; return *this; } ircd::json::arr::operator std::string() const { //TODO: tmp std::stringstream ret; ret << (*this); return ret.str(); } ircd::json::arr::const_iterator ircd::json::arr::begin() const { static const qi::rule parse_begin { parser.array_begin >> parser.ws >> (parser.array_end | raw[parser.value]) }; const_iterator ret(string_view::begin(), string_view::end()); if(!qi::phrase_parse(ret.start, ret.stop, parse_begin, parser.WS, ret.state)) ret.start = ret.stop; return ret; } ircd::json::arr::const_iterator ircd::json::arr::end() const { return { string_view::end(), string_view::end() }; } enum ircd::json::type ircd::json::type(const string_view &buf) { static const auto flag(qi::skip_flag::dont_postskip); enum type ret; if(!qi::phrase_parse(begin(buf), end(buf), parser.type, parser.WS, flag, ret)) throw type_error("Failed to get type from buffer"); return ret; } enum ircd::json::type ircd::json::type(const string_view &buf, std::nothrow_t) { static const auto flag(qi::skip_flag::dont_postskip); enum type ret; if(!qi::phrase_parse(begin(buf), end(buf), parser.type, parser.WS, flag, ret)) return STRING; return ret; }