diff --git a/keyserver/storage/postgres/one_time_keys_table.go b/keyserver/storage/postgres/one_time_keys_table.go
index 6e32838b1..cc397ba84 100644
--- a/keyserver/storage/postgres/one_time_keys_table.go
+++ b/keyserver/storage/postgres/one_time_keys_table.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/lib/pq"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/sqlutil"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/keyserver/api"
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ const upsertKeysSQL = "" +
 	" DO UPDATE SET key_json = $6"
 
 const selectKeysSQL = "" +
-	"SELECT key_id, algorithm, key_json FROM keyserver_one_time_keys WHERE user_id=$1 AND device_id=$2"
+	"SELECT concat(algorithm, ':', key_id) as algorithmwithid, key_json FROM keyserver_one_time_keys WHERE user_id=$1 AND device_id=$2 AND concat(algorithm, ':', key_id) = ANY($3);"
 
 const selectKeysCountSQL = "" +
 	"SELECT algorithm, COUNT(key_id) FROM keyserver_one_time_keys WHERE user_id=$1 AND device_id=$2 GROUP BY algorithm"
@@ -94,29 +95,22 @@ func NewPostgresOneTimeKeysTable(db *sql.DB) (tables.OneTimeKeys, error) {
 }
 
 func (s *oneTimeKeysStatements) SelectOneTimeKeys(ctx context.Context, userID, deviceID string, keyIDsWithAlgorithms []string) (map[string]json.RawMessage, error) {
-	rows, err := s.selectKeysStmt.QueryContext(ctx, userID, deviceID)
+	rows, err := s.selectKeysStmt.QueryContext(ctx, userID, deviceID, pq.Array(keyIDsWithAlgorithms))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer internal.CloseAndLogIfError(ctx, rows, "selectKeysStmt: rows.close() failed")
 
-	wantSet := make(map[string]bool, len(keyIDsWithAlgorithms))
-	for _, ka := range keyIDsWithAlgorithms {
-		wantSet[ka] = true
-	}
-
 	result := make(map[string]json.RawMessage)
+	var (
+		algorithmWithID string
+		keyJSONStr      string
+	)
 	for rows.Next() {
-		var keyID string
-		var algorithm string
-		var keyJSONStr string
-		if err := rows.Scan(&keyID, &algorithm, &keyJSONStr); err != nil {
+		if err := rows.Scan(&algorithmWithID, &keyJSONStr); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		keyIDWithAlgo := algorithm + ":" + keyID
-		if wantSet[keyIDWithAlgo] {
-			result[keyIDWithAlgo] = json.RawMessage(keyJSONStr)
-		}
+		result[algorithmWithID] = json.RawMessage(keyJSONStr)
 	}
 	return result, rows.Err()
 }