Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea into enhancement-composer

2024-06-02 10:39:50 +02:00 · 2024-05-14 14:21:12 +00:00 · 2024-05-14 14:21:12 +00:00 · 2d86a80aa9
parent 2c742e320d f4f4e18b14
commit 2d86a80aa9
464 changed files with 8117 additions and 5270 deletions
--- a/.eslintrc.yaml
+++ b/.eslintrc.yaml
@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ reportUnusedDisableDirectives: true
 ignorePatterns:
  - /web_src/js/vendor
  - /web_src/fomantic
+  - /public/assets/js

 parserOptions:
  sourceType: module
@ -126,19 +127,21 @@ rules:
  "@stylistic/js/computed-property-spacing": [2, never]
  "@stylistic/js/dot-location": [2, property]
  "@stylistic/js/eol-last": [2]
-  "@stylistic/js/function-call-spacing": [2, never]
  "@stylistic/js/function-call-argument-newline": [0]
+  "@stylistic/js/function-call-spacing": [2, never]
  "@stylistic/js/function-paren-newline": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/generator-star-spacing": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/implicit-arrow-linebreak": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/indent": [2, 2, {ignoreComments: true, SwitchCase: 1}]
  "@stylistic/js/key-spacing": [2]
  "@stylistic/js/keyword-spacing": [2]
+  "@stylistic/js/line-comment-position": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/linebreak-style": [2, unix]
  "@stylistic/js/lines-around-comment": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/lines-between-class-members": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/max-len": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/max-statements-per-line": [0]
+  "@stylistic/js/multiline-comment-style": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/multiline-ternary": [0]
  "@stylistic/js/new-parens": [2]
  "@stylistic/js/newline-per-chained-call": [0]
@ -704,6 +707,7 @@ rules:
  unicorn/better-regex: [0]
  unicorn/catch-error-name: [0]
  unicorn/consistent-destructuring: [2]
+  unicorn/consistent-empty-array-spread: [2]
  unicorn/consistent-function-scoping: [2]
  unicorn/custom-error-definition: [0]
  unicorn/empty-brace-spaces: [2]
@ -730,9 +734,11 @@ rules:
  unicorn/no-for-loop: [0]
  unicorn/no-hex-escape: [0]
  unicorn/no-instanceof-array: [0]
+  unicorn/no-invalid-fetch-options: [2]
  unicorn/no-invalid-remove-event-listener: [2]
  unicorn/no-keyword-prefix: [0]
  unicorn/no-lonely-if: [2]
+  unicorn/no-magic-array-flat-depth: [0]
  unicorn/no-negated-condition: [0]
  unicorn/no-nested-ternary: [0]
  unicorn/no-new-array: [0]
@ -798,10 +804,12 @@ rules:
  unicorn/prefer-set-has: [0]
  unicorn/prefer-set-size: [2]
  unicorn/prefer-spread: [0]
+  unicorn/prefer-string-raw: [0]
  unicorn/prefer-string-replace-all: [0]
  unicorn/prefer-string-slice: [0]
  unicorn/prefer-string-starts-ends-with: [2]
  unicorn/prefer-string-trim-start-end: [2]
+  unicorn/prefer-structured-clone: [2]
  unicorn/prefer-switch: [0]
  unicorn/prefer-ternary: [0]
  unicorn/prefer-text-content: [2]
--- a/.github/workflows/disk-clean.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/disk-clean.yml
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-name: disk-clean
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-
-jobs:
-  triage:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Free Disk Space (Ubuntu)
-        uses: jlumbroso/free-disk-space@main
-        with:
-          # this might remove tools that are actually needed,
-          # if set to "true" but frees about 6 GB
-          tool-cache: false
-
-          # all of these default to true, but feel free to set to
-          # "false" if necessary for your workflow
-          android: true
-          dotnet: true
-          haskell: true
-          large-packages: false
-          docker-images: false
-          swap-storage: true
--- a/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml
@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ concurrency:
  cancel-in-progress: true

 jobs:
-  disk-clean:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/disk-clean.yml
  nightly-binary:
    runs-on: nscloud
    steps:
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@ -61,3 +61,4 @@ kerwin612 <kerwin612@qq.com> (@kerwin612)
 Gary Wang <git@blumia.net> (@BLumia)
 Tim-Niclas Oelschläger <zokki.softwareschmiede@gmail.com> (@zokkis)
 Yu Liu <1240335630@qq.com> (@HEREYUA)
+Kemal Zebari <kemalzebra@gmail.com> (@kemzeb)
--- a/13
+++ b/13
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ EDITORCONFIG_CHECKER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/editorconfig-checker/editorconfig-che
 GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.6.0
 GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.57.2
 GXZ_PACKAGE ?= github.com/ulikunitz/xz/cmd/gxz@v0.5.11
-MISSPELL_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/misspell/cmd/misspell@v0.4.1
+MISSPELL_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/misspell/cmd/misspell@v0.5.1
 SWAGGER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/go-swagger/go-swagger/cmd/swagger@db51e79a0e37c572d8b59ae0c58bf2bbbbe53285
 XGO_PACKAGE ?= src.techknowlogick.com/xgo@latest
 GO_LICENSES_PACKAGE ?= github.com/google/go-licenses@v1
@ -397,11 +397,11 @@ lint-md: node_modules

 .PHONY: lint-spell
 lint-spell:
-	@go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -error $(SPELLCHECK_FILES)
+	@go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -dict tools/misspellings.csv -error $(SPELLCHECK_FILES)

 .PHONY: lint-spell-fix
 lint-spell-fix:
-	@go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -w $(SPELLCHECK_FILES)
+	@go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -dict tools/misspellings.csv -w $(SPELLCHECK_FILES)

 .PHONY: lint-go
 lint-go:
@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ generate-backend: $(TAGS_PREREQ) generate-go
 .PHONY: generate-go
 generate-go: $(TAGS_PREREQ)
 	@echo "Running go generate..."
-	@CC= GOOS= GOARCH= $(GO) generate -tags '$(TAGS)' ./...
+	@CC= GOOS= GOARCH= CGO_ENABLED=0 $(GO) generate -tags '$(TAGS)' ./...

 .PHONY: security-check
 security-check:
@ -908,8 +908,9 @@ webpack: $(WEBPACK_DEST)

 $(WEBPACK_DEST): $(WEBPACK_SOURCES) $(WEBPACK_CONFIGS) package-lock.json
 	@$(MAKE) -s node-check node_modules
-	rm -rf $(WEBPACK_DEST_ENTRIES)
-	npx webpack
+	@rm -rf $(WEBPACK_DEST_ENTRIES)
+	@echo "Running webpack..."
+	@BROWSERSLIST_IGNORE_OLD_DATA=true npx webpack
 	@touch $(WEBPACK_DEST)

 .PHONY: svg
--- a/assets/go-licenses.json
+++ b/assets/go-licenses.json
@ -540,8 +540,8 @@
    "licenseText": "Copyright (c) 2011 The Snappy-Go Authors. All rights reserved.\n\nRedistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without\nmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are\nmet:\n\n   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright\nnotice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.\n   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above\ncopyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer\nin the documentation and/or other materials provided with the\ndistribution.\n   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its\ncontributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from\nthis software without specific prior written permission.\n\nTHIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS\n\"AS IS\" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT\nLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR\nA PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT\nOWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,\nSPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT\nLIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,\nDATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY\nTHEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT\n(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE\nOF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.\n"
  },
  {
-    "name": "github.com/google/go-github/v57/github",
-    "path": "github.com/google/go-github/v57/github/LICENSE",
+    "name": "github.com/google/go-github/v61/github",
+    "path": "github.com/google/go-github/v61/github/LICENSE",
    "licenseText": "Copyright (c) 2013 The go-github AUTHORS. All rights reserved.\n\nRedistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without\nmodification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are\nmet:\n\n   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright\nnotice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.\n   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above\ncopyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer\nin the documentation and/or other materials provided with the\ndistribution.\n   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its\ncontributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from\nthis software without specific prior written permission.\n\nTHIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS\n\"AS IS\" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT\nLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR\nA PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT\nOWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,\nSPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT\nLIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,\nDATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY\nTHEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT\n(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE\nOF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.\n"
  },
  {
--- a/cmd/admin_user_change_password.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_change_password.go
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ var microcmdUserChangePassword = &cli.Command{
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "must-change-password",
-			Usage: "User must change password",
+			Usage: "User must change password (can be disabled by --must-change-password=false)",
 			Value: true,
 		},
 	},
--- a/cmd/admin_user_create.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_create.go
@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package cmd

 import (
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"

@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ var microcmdUserCreate = &cli.Command{
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:               "must-change-password",
-			Usage:              "Set to false to prevent forcing the user to change their password after initial login",
+			Usage:              "User must change password after initial login, defaults to true for all users except the first one (can be disabled by --must-change-password=false)",
 			DisableDefaultText: true,
 		},
 		&cli.IntFlag{
@ -91,11 +92,16 @@ func runCreateUser(c *cli.Context) error {
 		_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(c.App.ErrWriter, "--name flag is deprecated. Use --username instead.\n")
 	}

-	ctx, cancel := installSignals()
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
+	ctx := c.Context
+	if !setting.IsInTesting {
+		// FIXME: need to refactor the "installSignals/initDB" related code later
+		// it doesn't make sense to call it in (almost) every command action function
+		var cancel context.CancelFunc
+		ctx, cancel = installSignals()
+		defer cancel()
+		if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}

 	var password string
@ -123,8 +129,8 @@ func runCreateUser(c *cli.Context) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("IsTableNotEmpty: %w", err)
 		}
-		if !hasUserRecord && isAdmin {
-			// if this is the first admin being created, don't force to change password (keep the old behavior)
+		if !hasUserRecord {
+			// if this is the first one being created, don't force to change password (keep the old behavior)
 			mustChangePassword = false
 		}
 	}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_create_test.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_create_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestAdminUserCreate(t *testing.T) {
+	app := NewMainApp(AppVersion{})
+
+	reset := func() {
+		assert.NoError(t, db.TruncateBeans(db.DefaultContext, &user_model.User{}))
+		assert.NoError(t, db.TruncateBeans(db.DefaultContext, &user_model.EmailAddress{}))
+	}
+
+	type createCheck struct{ IsAdmin, MustChangePassword bool }
+	createUser := func(name, args string) createCheck {
+		assert.NoError(t, app.Run(strings.Fields(fmt.Sprintf("./gitea admin user create --username %s --email %s@gitea.local %s --password foobar", name, name, args))))
+		u := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{LowerName: name})
+		return createCheck{u.IsAdmin, u.MustChangePassword}
+	}
+	reset()
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: false, MustChangePassword: false}, createUser("u", ""), "first non-admin user doesn't need to change password")
+
+	reset()
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: true, MustChangePassword: false}, createUser("u", "--admin"), "first admin user doesn't need to change password")
+
+	reset()
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: true, MustChangePassword: true}, createUser("u", "--admin --must-change-password"))
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: true, MustChangePassword: true}, createUser("u2", "--admin"))
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: true, MustChangePassword: false}, createUser("u3", "--admin --must-change-password=false"))
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: false, MustChangePassword: true}, createUser("u4", ""))
+	assert.Equal(t, createCheck{IsAdmin: false, MustChangePassword: false}, createUser("u5", "--must-change-password=false"))
+}
--- a/cmd/hook.go
+++ b/cmd/hook.go
@ -220,10 +220,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		}
 	}

-	supportProcReceive := false
-	if git.CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.29") == nil {
-		supportProcReceive = true
-	}
+	supportProcReceive := git.DefaultFeatures().SupportProcReceive

 	for scanner.Scan() {
 		// TODO: support news feeds for wiki
@ -341,6 +338,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 	isWiki, _ := strconv.ParseBool(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvRepoIsWiki))
 	repoName := os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvRepoName)
 	pusherID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPusherID), 10, 64)
+	prID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPRID), 10, 64)
 	pusherName := os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPusherName)

 	hookOptions := private.HookOptions{
@ -350,6 +348,8 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		GitObjectDirectory:              os.Getenv(private.GitObjectDirectory),
 		GitQuarantinePath:               os.Getenv(private.GitQuarantinePath),
 		GitPushOptions:                  pushOptions(),
+		PullRequestID:                   prID,
+		PushTrigger:                     repo_module.PushTrigger(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPushTrigger)),
 	}
 	oldCommitIDs := make([]string, hookBatchSize)
 	newCommitIDs := make([]string, hookBatchSize)
@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		return nil
 	}

-	if git.CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.29") != nil {
+	if !git.DefaultFeatures().SupportProcReceive {
 		return fail(ctx, "No proc-receive support", "current git version doesn't support proc-receive.")
 	}

--- a/cmd/main.go
+++ b/cmd/main.go
@ -112,13 +112,18 @@ func prepareWorkPathAndCustomConf(action cli.ActionFunc) func(ctx *cli.Context)
 	}
 }

-func NewMainApp(version, versionExtra string) *cli.App {
+type AppVersion struct {
+	Version string
+	Extra   string
+}
+
+func NewMainApp(appVer AppVersion) *cli.App {
 	app := cli.NewApp()
 	app.Name = "Gitea"
 	app.HelpName = "gitea"
 	app.Usage = "A painless self-hosted Git service"
 	app.Description = `Gitea program contains "web" and other subcommands. If no subcommand is given, it starts the web server by default. Use "web" subcommand for more web server arguments, use other subcommands for other purposes.`
-	app.Version = version + versionExtra
+	app.Version = appVer.Version + appVer.Extra
 	app.EnableBashCompletion = true

 	// these sub-commands need to use config file
--- a/cmd/main_test.go
+++ b/cmd/main_test.go
@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func makePathOutput(workPath, customPath, customConf string) string {
 }

 func newTestApp(testCmdAction func(ctx *cli.Context) error) *cli.App {
-	app := NewMainApp("version", "version-extra")
+	app := NewMainApp(AppVersion{})
 	testCmd := &cli.Command{Name: "test-cmd", Action: testCmdAction}
 	prepareSubcommandWithConfig(testCmd, appGlobalFlags())
 	app.Commands = append(app.Commands, testCmd)
--- a/cmd/migrate_storage.go
+++ b/cmd/migrate_storage.go
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ var CmdMigrateStorage = &cli.Command{
 			Name:    "type",
 			Aliases: []string{"t"},
 			Value:   "",
-			Usage:   "Type of stored files to copy.  Allowed types: 'attachments', 'lfs', 'avatars', 'repo-avatars', 'repo-archivers', 'packages', 'actions-log'",
+			Usage:   "Type of stored files to copy.  Allowed types: 'attachments', 'lfs', 'avatars', 'repo-avatars', 'repo-archivers', 'packages', 'actions-log', 'actions-artifacts",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "storage",
@ -160,6 +160,13 @@ func migrateActionsLog(ctx context.Context, dstStorage storage.ObjectStorage) er
 	})
 }

+func migrateActionsArtifacts(ctx context.Context, dstStorage storage.ObjectStorage) error {
+	return db.Iterate(ctx, nil, func(ctx context.Context, artifact *actions_model.ActionArtifact) error {
+		_, err := storage.Copy(dstStorage, artifact.ArtifactPath, storage.ActionsArtifacts, artifact.ArtifactPath)
+		return err
+	})
+}
+
 func runMigrateStorage(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	stdCtx, cancel := installSignals()
 	defer cancel()
@ -223,13 +230,14 @@ func runMigrateStorage(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	}

 	migratedMethods := map[string]func(context.Context, storage.ObjectStorage) error{
-		"attachments":    migrateAttachments,
-		"lfs":            migrateLFS,
-		"avatars":        migrateAvatars,
-		"repo-avatars":   migrateRepoAvatars,
-		"repo-archivers": migrateRepoArchivers,
-		"packages":       migratePackages,
-		"actions-log":    migrateActionsLog,
+		"attachments":       migrateAttachments,
+		"lfs":               migrateLFS,
+		"avatars":           migrateAvatars,
+		"repo-avatars":      migrateRepoAvatars,
+		"repo-archivers":    migrateRepoArchivers,
+		"packages":          migratePackages,
+		"actions-log":       migrateActionsLog,
+		"actions-artifacts": migrateActionsArtifacts,
 	}

 	tp := strings.ToLower(ctx.String("type"))
--- a/cmd/serv.go
+++ b/cmd/serv.go
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func runServ(c *cli.Context) error {
 	}

 	if len(words) < 2 {
-		if git.CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.29") == nil {
+		if git.DefaultFeatures().SupportProcReceive {
 			// for AGit Flow
 			if cmd == "ssh_info" {
 				fmt.Print(`{"type":"gitea","version":1}`)
--- a/contrib/backport/backport.go
+++ b/contrib/backport/backport.go
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"

-	"github.com/google/go-github/v57/github"
+	"github.com/google/go-github/v61/github"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
--- a/custom/conf/app.example.ini
+++ b/custom/conf/app.example.ini
@ -1231,7 +1231,8 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;DEFAULT_THEME = gitea-auto
 ;;
 ;; All available themes. Allow users select personalized themes regardless of the value of `DEFAULT_THEME`.
-;THEMES = gitea-auto,gitea-light,gitea-dark
+;; Leave it empty to allow users to select any theme from "{CustomPath}/public/assets/css/theme-*.css"
+;THEMES =
 ;;
 ;; All available reactions users can choose on issues/prs and comments.
 ;; Values can be emoji alias (:smile:) or a unicode emoji.
@ -1455,7 +1456,7 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;; Batch size to send for batched queues
 ;BATCH_LENGTH = 20
 ;;
-;; Connection string for redis queues this will store the redis or redis-cluster connection string.
+;; Connection string for redis queues this will store the redis (or Redis cluster) connection string.
 ;; When `TYPE` is `persistable-channel`, this provides a directory for the underlying leveldb
 ;; or additional options of the form `leveldb://path/to/db?option=value&....`, and will override `DATADIR`.
 ;CONN_STR = "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0"
@ -1557,8 +1558,8 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;; email = use the username part of the email attribute
 ;; Note: `nickname`, `preferred_username` and `email` options will normalize input strings using the following criteria:
 ;; - diacritics are removed
-;; - the characters in the set `['´\x60]` are removed
-;; - the characters in the set `[\s~+]` are replaced with `-`
+;; - the characters in the set ['´`] are removed
+;; - the characters in the set [\s~+] are replaced with "-"
 ;USERNAME = nickname
 ;;
 ;; Update avatar if available from oauth2 provider.
@ -1739,9 +1740,8 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;; For "memory" only, GC interval in seconds, default is 60
 ;INTERVAL = 60
 ;;
-;; For "redis", "redis-cluster" and "memcache", connection host address
-;; redis: `redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
-;; redis-cluster: `redis+cluster://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
+;; For "redis" and "memcache", connection host address
+;; redis: `redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s` (or `redis+cluster://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s` for a Redis cluster)
 ;; memcache: `127.0.0.1:11211`
 ;; twoqueue: `{"size":50000,"recent_ratio":0.25,"ghost_ratio":0.5}` or `50000`
 ;HOST =
@ -1771,15 +1771,14 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;;
-;; Either "memory", "file", "redis", "redis-cluster", "db", "mysql", "couchbase", "memcache" or "postgres"
+;; Either "memory", "file", "redis", "db", "mysql", "couchbase", "memcache" or "postgres"
 ;; Default is "memory". "db" will reuse the configuration in [database]
 ;PROVIDER = memory
 ;;
 ;; Provider config options
 ;; memory: doesn't have any config yet
 ;; file: session file path, e.g. `data/sessions`
-;; redis: `redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
-;; redis-cluster: `redis+cluster://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
+;; redis: `redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s` (or `redis+cluster://127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s` for a Redis cluster)
 ;; mysql: go-sql-driver/mysql dsn config string, e.g. `root:password@/session_table`
 ;PROVIDER_CONFIG = data/sessions ; Relative paths will be made absolute against _`AppWorkPath`_.
 ;;
--- a/docker/README.md
+++ b/docker/README.md
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Gitea - Docker

-Dockerfile is found in root of repository.
+Dockerfile is found in the root of the repository.

-Docker image can be found on [docker hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/gitea/gitea)
+Docker image can be found on [docker hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/gitea/gitea).

-Documentation on using docker image can be found on [Gitea Docs site](https://docs.gitea.com/installation/install-with-docker-rootless)
+Documentation on using docker image can be found on [Gitea Docs site](https://docs.gitea.com/installation/install-with-docker-rootless).
--- a/docs/content/administration/config-cheat-sheet.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/administration/config-cheat-sheet.en-us.md
@ -214,10 +214,9 @@ The following configuration set `Content-Type: application/vnd.android.package-a
 - `SITEMAP_PAGING_NUM`: **20**: Number of items that are displayed in a single subsitemap.
 - `GRAPH_MAX_COMMIT_NUM`: **100**: Number of maximum commits shown in the commit graph.
 - `CODE_COMMENT_LINES`: **4**: Number of line of codes shown for a code comment.
- `DEFAULT_THEME`: **gitea-auto**: \[gitea-auto, gitea-light, gitea-dark\]: Set the default theme for the Gitea installation.
+- `DEFAULT_THEME`: **gitea-auto**: Set the default theme for the Gitea installation, custom themes could be provided by `{CustomPath}/public/assets/css/theme-*.css`.
 - `SHOW_USER_EMAIL`: **true**: Whether the email of the user should be shown in the Explore Users page.
- `THEMES`:  **gitea-auto,gitea-light,gitea-dark**: All available themes. Allow users select personalized themes.
-  regardless of the value of `DEFAULT_THEME`.
+- `THEMES`: **_empty_**: All available themes by `{CustomPath}/public/assets/css/theme-*.css`. Allow users select personalized themes.
 - `MAX_DISPLAY_FILE_SIZE`: **8388608**: Max size of files to be displayed (default is 8MiB)
 - `AMBIGUOUS_UNICODE_DETECTION`: **true**: Detect ambiguous unicode characters in file contents and show warnings on the UI
 - `REACTIONS`: All available reactions users can choose on issues/prs and comments
@ -493,7 +492,7 @@ Configuration at `[queue]` will set defaults for queues with overrides for indiv
 - `DATADIR`: **queues/common**: Base DataDir for storing level queues. `DATADIR` for individual queues can be set in `queue.name` sections. Relative paths will be made absolute against `%(APP_DATA_PATH)s`.
 - `LENGTH`: **100000**: Maximal queue size before channel queues block
 - `BATCH_LENGTH`: **20**: Batch data before passing to the handler
- `CONN_STR`: **redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0**: Connection string for the redis queue type. For `redis-cluster` use `redis+cluster://127.0.0.1:6379/0`. Options can be set using query params. Similarly, LevelDB options can also be set using: **leveldb://relative/path?option=value** or **leveldb:///absolute/path?option=value**, and will override `DATADIR`
+- `CONN_STR`: **redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0**: Connection string for the redis queue type. If you're running a Redis cluster, use `redis+cluster://127.0.0.1:6379/0`. Options can be set using query params. Similarly, LevelDB options can also be set using: **leveldb://relative/path?option=value** or **leveldb:///absolute/path?option=value**, and will override `DATADIR`
 - `QUEUE_NAME`: **_queue**: The suffix for default redis and disk queue name. Individual queues will default to **`name`**`QUEUE_NAME` but can be overridden in the specific `queue.name` section.
 - `SET_NAME`: **_unique**: The suffix that will be added to the default redis and disk queue `set` name for unique queues. Individual queues will default to **`name`**`QUEUE_NAME`_`SET_NAME`_ but can be overridden in the specific `queue.name` section.
 - `MAX_WORKERS`: **(dynamic)**: Maximum number of worker go-routines for the queue. Default value is "CpuNum/2" clipped to between 1 and 10.
@ -613,7 +612,7 @@ And the following unique queues:
  - `email` - use the username part of the email attribute
  - Note: `nickname`, `preferred_username` and `email` options will normalize input strings using the following criteria:
    - diacritics are removed
-    - the characters in the set `['´\x60]` are removed
+    - the characters in the set ```['´`]``` are removed
    - the characters in the set `[\s~+]` are replaced with `-`
 - `UPDATE_AVATAR`: **false**: Update avatar if available from oauth2 provider. Update will be performed on each login.
 - `ACCOUNT_LINKING`: **login**: How to handle if an account / email already exists:
@ -778,11 +777,11 @@ and

 ## Cache (`cache`)

- `ADAPTER`: **memory**: Cache engine adapter, either `memory`, `redis`, `redis-cluster`, `twoqueue` or `memcache`. (`twoqueue` represents a size limited LRU cache.)
+- `ADAPTER`: **memory**: Cache engine adapter, either `memory`, `redis`, `twoqueue` or `memcache`. (`twoqueue` represents a size limited LRU cache.)
 - `INTERVAL`: **60**: Garbage Collection interval (sec), for memory and twoqueue cache only.
- `HOST`: **_empty_**: Connection string for `redis`, `redis-cluster` and `memcache`. For `twoqueue` sets configuration for the queue.
+- `HOST`: **_empty_**: Connection string for `redis` and `memcache`. For `twoqueue` sets configuration for the queue.
  - Redis: `redis://:macaron@127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
-  - Redis-cluster `redis+cluster://:macaron@127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
+    - For a Redis cluster: `redis+cluster://:macaron@127.0.0.1:6379/0?pool_size=100&idle_timeout=180s`
  - Memcache: `127.0.0.1:9090;127.0.0.1:9091`
  - TwoQueue LRU cache: `{"size":50000,"recent_ratio":0.25,"ghost_ratio":0.5}` or `50000` representing the maximum number of objects stored in the cache.
 - `ITEM_TTL`: **16h**: Time to keep items in cache if not used, Setting it to -1 disables caching.
@ -794,7 +793,7 @@ and

 ## Session (`session`)

- `PROVIDER`: **memory**: Session engine provider \[memory, file, redis, redis-cluster, db, mysql, couchbase, memcache, postgres\]. Setting `db` will reuse the configuration in `[database]`
+- `PROVIDER`: **memory**: Session engine provider \[memory, file, redis, db, mysql, couchbase, memcache, postgres\]. Setting `db` will reuse the configuration in `[database]`
 - `PROVIDER_CONFIG`: **data/sessions**: For file, the root path; for db, empty (database config will be used); for others, the connection string. Relative paths will be made absolute against _`AppWorkPath`_.
 - `COOKIE_SECURE`:**_empty_**: `true` or `false`. Enable this to force using HTTPS for all session access. If not set, it defaults to `true` if the ROOT_URL is an HTTPS URL.
 - `COOKIE_NAME`: **i\_like\_gitea**: The name of the cookie used for the session ID.
@ -1323,7 +1322,7 @@ Defaultly every storage has their default base path like below
 | actions_log       | actions_log/       |
 | actions_artifacts | actions_artifacts/ |

-And bucket, basepath or `SERVE_DIRECT` could be special or overrided, if you want to use a different you can:
+And bucket, basepath or `SERVE_DIRECT` could be special or overridden, if you want to use a different you can:

 ```ini
 [storage.actions_log]
--- a/docs/content/administration/config-cheat-sheet.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/administration/config-cheat-sheet.zh-cn.md
@ -212,10 +212,9 @@ menu:
 - `SITEMAP_PAGING_NUM`: **20**: 在单个子SiteMap中显示的项数。
 - `GRAPH_MAX_COMMIT_NUM`: **100**: 提交图中显示的最大commit数量。
 - `CODE_COMMENT_LINES`: **4**: 在代码评论中能够显示的最大代码行数。
- `DEFAULT_THEME`: **gitea-auto**: \[gitea-auto, gitea-light, gitea-dark\]: 在Gitea安装时候设置的默认主题。
+- `DEFAULT_THEME`: **gitea-auto**: 在Gitea安装时候设置的默认主题，自定义的主题可以通过 `{CustomPath}/public/assets/css/theme-*.css` 提供。
 - `SHOW_USER_EMAIL`: **true**: 用户的电子邮件是否应该显示在`Explore Users`页面中。
- `THEMES`:  **gitea-auto,gitea-light,gitea-dark**: 所有可用的主题。允许用户选择个性化的主题，
-  而不受DEFAULT_THEME 值的影响。
+- `THEMES`:  **_empty_**: 所有可用的主题（由 `{CustomPath}/public/assets/css/theme-*.css` 提供）。允许用户选择个性化的主题，
 - `MAX_DISPLAY_FILE_SIZE`: **8388608**: 能够显示文件的最大大小（默认为8MiB）。
 - `REACTIONS`: 用户可以在问题（Issue）、Pull Request（PR）以及评论中选择的所有可选的反应。
    这些值可以是表情符号别名（例如：:smile:）或Unicode表情符号。
--- a/docs/content/administration/customizing-gitea.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/administration/customizing-gitea.en-us.md
@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ To make a custom theme available to all users:

 1. Add a CSS file to `$GITEA_CUSTOM/public/assets/css/theme-<theme-name>.css`.
  The value of `$GITEA_CUSTOM` of your instance can be queried by calling `gitea help` and looking up the value of "CustomPath".
-2. Add `<theme-name>` to the comma-separated list of setting `THEMES` in `app.ini`
+2. Add `<theme-name>` to the comma-separated list of setting `THEMES` in `app.ini`, or leave `THEMES` empty to allow all themes.

 Community themes are listed in [gitea/awesome-gitea#themes](https://gitea.com/gitea/awesome-gitea#themes).

--- a/docs/content/help/faq.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/help/faq.en-us.md
@ -178,17 +178,6 @@ At some point, a customer or third party needs access to a specific repo and onl

 Use [Fail2Ban](administration/fail2ban-setup.md) to monitor and stop automated login attempts or other malicious behavior based on log patterns

-## How to add/use custom themes
-
-Gitea supports three official themes right now, `gitea-light`, `gitea-dark`, and `gitea-auto` (automatically switches between the previous two depending on operating system settings).
-To add your own theme, currently the only way is to provide a complete theme (not just color overrides)
-
-As an example, let's say our theme is `arc-blue` (this is a real theme, and can be found [in this issue](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/6011))
-
-Name the `.css` file `theme-arc-blue.css` and add it to your custom folder in `custom/public/assets/css`
-
-Allow users to use it by adding `arc-blue` to the list of `THEMES` in your `app.ini`
-
 ## SSHD vs built-in SSH

 SSHD is the built-in SSH server on most Unix systems.
--- a/docs/content/help/faq.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/help/faq.zh-cn.md
@ -182,17 +182,6 @@ Gitea不提供内置的Pages服务器。您需要一个专用的域名来提供

 使用 [Fail2Ban](administration/fail2ban-setup.md) 监视并阻止基于日志模式的自动登录尝试或其他恶意行为。

-## 如何添加/使用自定义主题
-
-Gitea 目前支持三个官方主题，分别是 `gitea-light`、`gitea-dark` 和 `gitea-auto`（根据操作系统设置自动切换前两个主题）。
-要添加自己的主题，目前唯一的方法是提供一个完整的主题（不仅仅是颜色覆盖）。
-
-假设我们的主题是 `arc-blue`（这是一个真实的主题，可以在[此问题](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/6011)中找到）
-
-将`.css`文件命名为`theme-arc-blue.css`并将其添加到`custom/public/assets/css`文件夹中
-
-通过将`arc-blue`添加到`app.ini`中的`THEMES`列表中，允许用户使用该主题
-
 ## SSHD vs 内建SSH

 SSHD是大多数Unix系统上内建的SSH服务器。
--- a/docs/content/usage/packages/npm.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/usage/packages/npm.en-us.md
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The following examples use the `npm` tool with the scope `@test`.
 To register the package registry you need to configure a new package source.

 ```shell
-npm config set {scope}:registry https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/
+npm config set {scope}:registry=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/
 npm config set -- '//gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/:_authToken' "{token}"
 ```

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ npm config set -- '//gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/:_authToken' "{t
 For example:

 ```shell
-npm config set @test:registry https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/npm/
+npm config set @test:registry=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/npm/
 npm config set -- '//gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/npm/:_authToken' "personal_access_token"
 ```

--- a/docs/content/usage/packages/npm.zh-cn.md
+++ b/docs/content/usage/packages/npm.zh-cn.md
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ menu:
 要注册软件包注册表，您需要配置一个新的软件包源。

 ```shell
-npm config set {scope}:registry https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/
+npm config set {scope}:registry=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/
 npm config set -- '//gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/:_authToken' "{token}"
 ```

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ npm config set -- '//gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/npm/:_authToken' "{t
 例如：

 ```shell
-npm config set @test:registry https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/npm/
+npm config set @test:registry=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/npm/
 npm config set -- '//gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/npm/:_authToken' "personal_access_token"
 ```

--- a/docs/content/usage/repo-mirror.en-us.md
+++ b/docs/content/usage/repo-mirror.en-us.md
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ The repository now gets mirrored periodically to the remote repository. You can

 To set up a mirror from Gitea to GitHub, you need to follow these steps:

-1. Create a [GitHub personal access token](https://docs.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token) with the *public_repo* box checked. Also check the **workflow** checkbox in case your repo using act for continuous integration.
+1. Create a [GitHub personal access token](https://docs.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token) with the *public_repo* box checked. Also check the **workflow** checkbox in case your repo uses GitHub Actions for continuous integration.
 2. Create a repository with that name on GitHub. Unlike Gitea, GitHub does not support creating repositories by pushing to the remote. You can also use an existing remote repo if it has the same commit history as your Gitea repo.
 3. In the settings of your Gitea repo, fill in the **Git Remote Repository URL**: `https://github.com/<your_github_group>/<your_github_project>.git`.
 4. Fill in the **Authorization** fields with your GitHub username and the personal access token as **Password**.
@ -91,10 +91,10 @@ The repository pushes shortly thereafter. To force a push, select the **Synchron

 ### Mirror an existing ssh repository

-Currently gitea supports no ssh push mirrors. You can work around this by adding a `post-receive` hook to your gitea repository that pushes manually.
+Currently Gitea supports no ssh push mirrors. You can work around this by adding a `post-receive` hook to your Gitea repository that pushes manually.

-1. Make sure the user running gitea has access to the git repo you are trying to mirror to from shell.
-2. On the Webinterface at the repository settings > git hooks add a post-receive hook for the mirror. I.e.
+1. Make sure the user running Gitea has access to the git repo you are trying to mirror to from shell.
+2. On the web interface at the repository settings > git hooks add a post-receive hook for the mirror. I.e.

 ```
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ require (
 	code.gitea.io/sdk/gitea v0.17.1
 	codeberg.org/gusted/mcaptcha v0.0.0-20220723083913-4f3072e1d570
 	connectrpc.com/connect v1.15.0
-	gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240316035258-17450c5f3028
+	gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240430071103-39a851e106ed
 	gitea.com/go-chi/cache v0.2.0
 	gitea.com/go-chi/captcha v0.0.0-20240315150714-fb487f629098
 	gitea.com/go-chi/session v0.0.0-20240316035857-16768d98ec96
@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ require (
 	gitea.com/lunny/levelqueue v0.4.2-0.20230414023320-3c0159fe0fe4
 	github.com/42wim/sshsig v0.0.0-20211121163825-841cf5bbc121
 	github.com/Azure/go-ntlmssp v0.0.0-20221128193559-754e69321358
+	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.0.0
 	github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery v1.9.1
 	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.13.0
 	github.com/blakesmith/ar v0.0.0-20190502131153-809d4375e1fb
@ -53,11 +54,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/gogs/chardet v0.0.0-20211120154057-b7413eaefb8f
 	github.com/gogs/go-gogs-client v0.0.0-20210131175652-1d7215cd8d85
 	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.1
-	github.com/google/go-github/v57 v57.0.0
+	github.com/google/go-github/v61 v61.0.0
 	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20240227163752-401108e1b7e7
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.1.2
 	github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.2.2
+	github.com/h2non/gock v1.2.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.6.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7
 	github.com/huandu/xstrings v1.4.0
@ -135,7 +137,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.1 // indirect
-	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v1.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/cascadia v1.3.2 // indirect
@ -209,6 +210,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/securecookie v1.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/h2non/parth v0.0.0-20190131123155-b4df798d6542 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.5 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0 // indirect
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ git.sr.ht/~mariusor/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078 h1:cliQ4H
 git.sr.ht/~mariusor/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078/go.mod h1:g/V2Hjas6Z1UHUp4yIx6bATpNzJ7DYtD0FG3+xARWxs=
 gitea.com/gitea/act v0.259.1 h1:8GG1o/xtUHl3qjn5f0h/2FXrT5ubBn05TJOM5ry+FBw=
 gitea.com/gitea/act v0.259.1/go.mod h1:UxZWRYqQG2Yj4+4OqfGWW5a3HELwejyWFQyU7F1jUD8=
-gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240316035258-17450c5f3028 h1:6/QAx4+s0dyRwdaTFPTnhGppuiuu0OqxIH9szyTpvKw=
-gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240316035258-17450c5f3028/go.mod h1:E3i3cgB04dDx0v3CytCgRTTn9Z/9x891aet3r456RVw=
+gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240430071103-39a851e106ed h1:EZZBtilMLSZNWtHHcgq2mt6NSGhJSZBuduAlinMEmso=
+gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240430071103-39a851e106ed/go.mod h1:E3i3cgB04dDx0v3CytCgRTTn9Z/9x891aet3r456RVw=
 gitea.com/go-chi/cache v0.2.0 h1:E0npuTfDW6CT1yD8NMDVc1SK6IeRjfmRL2zlEsCEd7w=
 gitea.com/go-chi/cache v0.2.0/go.mod h1:iQlVK2aKTZ/rE9UcHyz9pQWGvdP9i1eI2spOpzgCrtE=
 gitea.com/go-chi/captcha v0.0.0-20240315150714-fb487f629098 h1:p2ki+WK0cIeNQuqjR98IP2KZQKRzJJiV7aTeMAFwaWo=
@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.2/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 h1:ofyhxvXcZhMsU5ulbFiLKl/XBFqE1GSq7atu8tAmTRI=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0/go.mod h1:17dUlkBOakJ0+DkrSSNjCkIjxS6bF9zb3elmeNGIjoY=
-github.com/google/go-github/v57 v57.0.0 h1:L+Y3UPTY8ALM8x+TV0lg+IEBI+upibemtBD8Q9u7zHs=
-github.com/google/go-github/v57 v57.0.0/go.mod h1:s0omdnye0hvK/ecLvpsGfJMiRt85PimQh4oygmLIxHw=
+github.com/google/go-github/v61 v61.0.0 h1:VwQCBwhyE9JclCI+22/7mLB1PuU9eowCXKY5pNlu1go=
+github.com/google/go-github/v61 v61.0.0/go.mod h1:0WR+KmsWX75G2EbpyGsGmradjo3IiciuI4BmdVCobQY=
 github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0 h1:AnCroh3fv4ZBgVIf1Iwtovgjaw/GiKJo8M8yD/fhyJ8=
 github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0/go.mod h1:Kcdr2DB4koayq7X8pmAG4sNG59So17icRSOU623lUBU=
 github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.0 h1:sQF6YqWMi+SCXpsmS3fd21oPy/vSddwZry4JnmltHVk=
@ -430,6 +430,10 @@ github.com/gorilla/securecookie v1.1.2/go.mod h1:NfCASbcHqRSY+3a8tlWJwsQap2VX5pw
 github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.2.0/go.mod h1:dk2InVEVJ0sfLlnXv9EAgkf6ecYs/i80K/zI+bUmuGM=
 github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.2.2 h1:lqzMYz6bOfvn2WriPUjNByzeXIlVzURcPmgMczkmTjY=
 github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.2.2/go.mod h1:ePLdVu+jbEgHH+KWw8I1z2wqd0BAdAQh/8LRvBeoNcQ=
+github.com/h2non/gock v1.2.0 h1:K6ol8rfrRkUOefooBC8elXoaNGYkpp7y2qcxGG6BzUE=
+github.com/h2non/gock v1.2.0/go.mod h1:tNhoxHYW2W42cYkYb1WqzdbYIieALC99kpYr7rH/BQk=
+github.com/h2non/parth v0.0.0-20190131123155-b4df798d6542 h1:2VTzZjLZBgl62/EtslCrtky5vbi9dd7HrQPQIx6wqiw=
+github.com/h2non/parth v0.0.0-20190131123155-b4df798d6542/go.mod h1:Ow0tF8D4Kplbc8s8sSb3V2oUCygFHVp8gC3Dn6U4MNI=
 github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 h1:035FKYIWjmULyFRBKPs8TBQoi0x6d9G4xc9neXJWAZQ=
 github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2/go.mod h1:kO/YDlP8L1346E6Sodw+PrpBSV4/SoxCXGY6BqNFT48=
 github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v0.9.2/go.mod h1:5CU+agLiy3J7N7QjHK5d05KxGsuXiQLrjA0H7acj2lQ=
@ -591,6 +595,8 @@ github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 h1:8imxQsjDm8yFEAVBe7azKmKSgzSkZXDuKkSq9374khM=
 github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0/go.mod h1:kc9mz7DoBKqDyiRL7VZN8KvXQMWeTaVnttLRXOlotKw=
 github.com/msteinert/pam v1.2.0 h1:mYfjlvN2KYs2Pb9G6nb/1f/nPfAttT/Jee5Sq9r3bGE=
 github.com/msteinert/pam v1.2.0/go.mod h1:d2n0DCUK8rGecChV3JzvmsDjOY4R7AYbsNxAT+ftQl0=
+github.com/nbio/st v0.0.0-20140626010706-e9e8d9816f32 h1:W6apQkHrMkS0Muv8G/TipAy/FJl/rCYT0+EuS8+Z0z4=
+github.com/nbio/st v0.0.0-20140626010706-e9e8d9816f32/go.mod h1:9wM+0iRr9ahx58uYLpLIr5fm8diHn0JbqRycJi6w0Ms=
 github.com/niklasfasching/go-org v1.7.0 h1:vyMdcMWWTe/XmANk19F4k8XGBYg0GQ/gJGMimOjGMek=
 github.com/niklasfasching/go-org v1.7.0/go.mod h1:WuVm4d45oePiE0eX25GqTDQIt/qPW1T9DGkRscqLW5o=
 github.com/nwaples/rardecode v1.1.0/go.mod h1:5DzqNKiOdpKKBH87u8VlvAnPZMXcGRhxWkRpHbbfGS0=
--- a/main.go
+++ b/main.go
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func main() {
 		log.GetManager().Close()
 		os.Exit(code)
 	}
-	app := cmd.NewMainApp(Version, formatBuiltWith())
+	app := cmd.NewMainApp(cmd.AppVersion{Version: Version, Extra: formatBuiltWith()})
 	_ = cmd.RunMainApp(app, os.Args...) // all errors should have been handled by the RunMainApp
 	log.GetManager().Close()
 }
--- a/models/actions/run.go
+++ b/models/actions/run.go
@ -74,6 +74,13 @@ func (run *ActionRun) Link() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/actions/runs/%d", run.Repo.Link(), run.Index)
 }

+func (run *ActionRun) WorkflowLink() string {
+	if run.Repo == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/actions/?workflow=%s", run.Repo.Link(), run.WorkflowID)
+}
+
 // RefLink return the url of run's ref
 func (run *ActionRun) RefLink() string {
 	refName := git.RefName(run.Ref)
@ -98,13 +105,10 @@ func (run *ActionRun) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	}

-	if run.Repo == nil {
-		repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, run.RepoID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		run.Repo = repo
+	if err := run.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
+
 	if err := run.Repo.LoadAttributes(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@ -120,6 +124,19 @@ func (run *ActionRun) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return nil
 }

+func (run *ActionRun) LoadRepo(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if run == nil || run.Repo != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, run.RepoID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	run.Repo = repo
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (run *ActionRun) Duration() time.Duration {
 	return calculateDuration(run.Started, run.Stopped, run.Status) + run.PreviousDuration
 }
@ -146,6 +163,10 @@ func (run *ActionRun) GetPullRequestEventPayload() (*api.PullRequestPayload, err
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("event %s is not a pull request event", run.Event)
 }

+func (run *ActionRun) IsSchedule() bool {
+	return run.ScheduleID > 0
+}
+
 func updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository) error {
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(repo.ID).
 		SetExpr("num_action_runs",
@ -241,11 +262,11 @@ func CancelPreviousJobs(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, ref, workflowID strin

 // InsertRun inserts a run
 func InsertRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, jobs []*jobparser.SingleWorkflow) error {
-	ctx, commiter, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
+	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer commiter.Close()
+	defer committer.Close()

 	index, err := db.GetNextResourceIndex(ctx, "action_run_index", run.RepoID)
 	if err != nil {
@ -310,7 +331,7 @@ func InsertRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, jobs []*jobparser.SingleWork
 		}
 	}

-	return commiter.Commit()
+	return committer.Commit()
 }

 func GetRunByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ActionRun, error) {
--- a/models/actions/runner.go
+++ b/models/actions/runner.go
@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ func CountRunnersWithoutBelongingOwner(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
 	// Only affect action runners were a owner ID is set, as actions runners
 	// could also be created on a repository.
 	return db.GetEngine(ctx).Table("action_runner").
-		Join("LEFT", "user", "`action_runner`.owner_id = `user`.id").
+		Join("LEFT", "`user`", "`action_runner`.owner_id = `user`.id").
 		Where("`action_runner`.owner_id != ?", 0).
 		And(builder.IsNull{"`user`.id"}).
 		Count(new(ActionRunner))
@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ func CountRunnersWithoutBelongingOwner(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
 func FixRunnersWithoutBelongingOwner(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
 	subQuery := builder.Select("`action_runner`.id").
 		From("`action_runner`").
-		Join("LEFT", "user", "`action_runner`.owner_id = `user`.id").
+		Join("LEFT", "`user`", "`action_runner`.owner_id = `user`.id").
 		Where(builder.Neq{"`action_runner`.owner_id": 0}).
 		And(builder.IsNull{"`user`.id"})
 	b := builder.Delete(builder.In("id", subQuery)).From("`action_runner`")
@ -289,3 +289,25 @@ func FixRunnersWithoutBelongingOwner(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
 	}
 	return res.RowsAffected()
 }
+
+func CountRunnersWithoutBelongingRepo(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
+	return db.GetEngine(ctx).Table("action_runner").
+		Join("LEFT", "`repository`", "`action_runner`.repo_id = `repository`.id").
+		Where("`action_runner`.repo_id != ?", 0).
+		And(builder.IsNull{"`repository`.id"}).
+		Count(new(ActionRunner))
+}
+
+func FixRunnersWithoutBelongingRepo(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
+	subQuery := builder.Select("`action_runner`.id").
+		From("`action_runner`").
+		Join("LEFT", "`repository`", "`action_runner`.repo_id = `repository`.id").
+		Where(builder.Neq{"`action_runner`.repo_id": 0}).
+		And(builder.IsNull{"`repository`.id"})
+	b := builder.Delete(builder.In("id", subQuery)).From("`action_runner`")
+	res, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Exec(b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return res.RowsAffected()
+}
--- a/models/actions/task.go
+++ b/models/actions/task.go
@ -216,11 +216,11 @@ func GetRunningTaskByToken(ctx context.Context, token string) (*ActionTask, erro
 }

 func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask, bool, error) {
-	ctx, commiter, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
+	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
 	}
-	defer commiter.Close()
+	defer committer.Close()

 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)

@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask

 	task.Job = job

-	if err := commiter.Commit(); err != nil {
+	if err := committer.Commit(); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
 	}

@ -347,11 +347,11 @@ func UpdateTaskByState(ctx context.Context, state *runnerv1.TaskState) (*ActionT
 		stepStates[v.Id] = v
 	}

-	ctx, commiter, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
+	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	defer commiter.Close()
+	defer committer.Close()

 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)

@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ func UpdateTaskByState(ctx context.Context, state *runnerv1.TaskState) (*ActionT
 		}
 	}

-	if err := commiter.Commit(); err != nil {
+	if err := committer.Commit(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

--- a/models/actions/tasks_version.go
+++ b/models/actions/tasks_version.go
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (

 // ActionTasksVersion
 // If both ownerID and repoID is zero, its scope is global.
-// If ownerID is not zero and repoID is zero, its scope is org (there is no user-level runner currrently).
+// If ownerID is not zero and repoID is zero, its scope is org (there is no user-level runner currently).
 // If ownerID is zero and repoID is not zero, its scope is repo.
 type ActionTasksVersion struct {
 	ID          int64 `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ func increaseTasksVersionByScope(ctx context.Context, ownerID, repoID int64) err
 }

 func IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx context.Context, ownerID, repoID int64) error {
-	ctx, commiter, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
+	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer commiter.Close()
+	defer committer.Close()

 	// 1. increase global
 	if err := increaseTasksVersionByScope(ctx, 0, 0); err != nil {
@ -101,5 +101,5 @@ func IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx context.Context, ownerID, repoID int64) error {
 		}
 	}

-	return commiter.Commit()
+	return committer.Commit()
 }
--- a/models/actions/variable.go
+++ b/models/actions/variable.go
@ -92,6 +92,11 @@ func DeleteVariable(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 func GetVariablesOfRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun) (map[string]string, error) {
 	variables := map[string]string{}

+	if err := run.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		log.Error("LoadRepo: %v", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	// Global
 	globalVariables, err := db.Find[ActionVariable](ctx, FindVariablesOpts{})
 	if err != nil {
--- a/models/activities/action.go
+++ b/models/activities/action.go
@ -524,7 +524,12 @@ func activityQueryCondition(ctx context.Context, opts GetFeedsOptions) (builder.
 	}

 	if opts.RequestedRepo != nil {
-		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"repo_id": opts.RequestedRepo.ID})
+		// repo's actions could have duplicate items, see the comment of NotifyWatchers
+		// so here we only filter the "original items", aka: user_id == act_user_id
+		cond = cond.And(
+			builder.Eq{"`action`.repo_id": opts.RequestedRepo.ID},
+			builder.Expr("`action`.user_id = `action`.act_user_id"),
+		)
 	}

 	if opts.RequestedTeam != nil {
@ -577,6 +582,10 @@ func DeleteOldActions(ctx context.Context, olderThan time.Duration) (err error)
 }

 // NotifyWatchers creates batch of actions for every watcher.
+// It could insert duplicate actions for a repository action, like this:
+// * Original action: UserID=1 (the real actor), ActUserID=1
+// * Organization action: UserID=100 (the repo's org), ActUserID=1
+// * Watcher action: UserID=20 (a user who is watching a repo), ActUserID=1
 func NotifyWatchers(ctx context.Context, actions ...*Action) error {
 	var watchers []*repo_model.Watch
 	var repo *repo_model.Repository
--- a/models/activities/action_test.go
+++ b/models/activities/action_test.go
@ -318,3 +318,24 @@ func TestDeleteIssueActions(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, activities_model.DeleteIssueActions(db.DefaultContext, issue.RepoID, issue.ID, issue.Index))
 	unittest.AssertCount(t, &activities_model.Action{}, 0)
 }
+
+func TestRepoActions(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1})
+	_ = db.TruncateBeans(db.DefaultContext, &activities_model.Action{})
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		_ = db.Insert(db.DefaultContext, &activities_model.Action{
+			UserID:    2 + int64(i),
+			ActUserID: 2,
+			RepoID:    repo.ID,
+			OpType:    activities_model.ActionCommentIssue,
+		})
+	}
+	count, _ := db.Count[activities_model.Action](db.DefaultContext, &db.ListOptions{})
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 3, count)
+	actions, _, err := activities_model.GetFeeds(db.DefaultContext, activities_model.GetFeedsOptions{
+		RequestedRepo: repo,
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, actions, 1)
+}
--- a/models/auth/oauth2_test.go
+++ b/models/auth/oauth2_test.go
@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )

-//////////////////// Application
-
 func TestOAuth2Application_GenerateClientSecret(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 	app := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &auth_model.OAuth2Application{ID: 1})
--- a/models/db/engine.go
+++ b/models/db/engine.go
@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ type Engine interface {
 	SumInt(bean any, columnName string) (res int64, err error)
 	Sync(...any) error
 	Select(string) *xorm.Session
+	SetExpr(string, any) *xorm.Session
 	NotIn(string, ...any) *xorm.Session
 	OrderBy(any, ...any) *xorm.Session
 	Exist(...any) (bool, error)
--- a/models/fixtures/protected_tag.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/protected_tag.yml
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+-
+  id: 1
+  repo_id: 4
+  name_pattern: /v.+/
+  allowlist_user_i_ds: []
+  allowlist_team_i_ds: []
+  created_unix: 1715596037
+  updated_unix: 1715596037
+-
+  id: 2
+  repo_id: 1
+  name_pattern: v-*
+  allowlist_user_i_ds: []
+  allowlist_team_i_ds: []
+  created_unix: 1715596037
+  updated_unix: 1715596037
+-
+  id: 3
+  repo_id: 1
+  name_pattern: v-1.1
+  allowlist_user_i_ds: [2]
+  allowlist_team_i_ds: []
+  created_unix: 1715596037
+  updated_unix: 1715596037
--- a/models/fixtures/pull_request.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/pull_request.yml
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 -
  id: 1
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 2
  index: 2
  head_repo_id: 1
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 -
  id: 2
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 3
  index: 3
  head_repo_id: 1
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 -
  id: 3
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 8
  index: 1
  head_repo_id: 11
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 -
  id: 4
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 9
  index: 1
  head_repo_id: 48
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 -
  id: 5 # this PR is outdated (one commit behind branch1 )
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 11
  index: 5
  head_repo_id: 1
@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
 -
  id: 6
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 12
  index: 2
  head_repo_id: 3
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 -
  id: 7
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 19
  index: 1
  head_repo_id: 58
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
 -
  id: 8
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 20
  index: 1
  head_repo_id: 23
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 -
  id: 9
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 21
  index: 1
  head_repo_id: 60
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
 -
  id: 10
  type: 0 # gitea pull request
-  status: 2 # mergable
+  status: 2 # mergeable
  issue_id: 22
  index: 1
  head_repo_id: 61
--- a/models/git/commit_status.go
+++ b/models/git/commit_status.go
@ -397,36 +397,16 @@ func GetLatestCommitStatusForRepoCommitIDs(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, co

 // FindRepoRecentCommitStatusContexts returns repository's recent commit status contexts
 func FindRepoRecentCommitStatusContexts(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, before time.Duration) ([]string, error) {
-	type result struct {
-		Index int64
-		SHA   string
-	}
-	getBase := func() *xorm.Session {
-		return db.GetEngine(ctx).Table(&CommitStatus{}).Where("repo_id = ?", repoID)
-	}
-
 	start := timeutil.TimeStampNow().AddDuration(-before)
-	results := make([]result, 0, 10)

-	sess := getBase().And("updated_unix >= ?", start).
-		Select("max( `index` ) as `index`, sha").
-		GroupBy("context_hash, sha").OrderBy("max( `index` ) desc")
-
-	err := sess.Find(&results)
-	if err != nil {
+	var contexts []string
+	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Table("commit_status").
+		Where("repo_id = ?", repoID).And("updated_unix >= ?", start).
+		Cols("context").Distinct().Find(&contexts); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	contexts := make([]string, 0, len(results))
-	if len(results) == 0 {
-		return contexts, nil
-	}
-
-	conds := make([]builder.Cond, 0, len(results))
-	for _, result := range results {
-		conds = append(conds, builder.Eq{"`index`": result.Index, "sha": result.SHA})
-	}
-	return contexts, getBase().And(builder.Or(conds...)).Select("context").Find(&contexts)
+	return contexts, nil
 }

 // NewCommitStatusOptions holds options for creating a CommitStatus
--- a/models/git/commit_status_test.go
+++ b/models/git/commit_status_test.go
@ -5,11 +5,15 @@ package git_test

 import (
 	"testing"
+	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	git_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/git"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/gitrepo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
@ -175,3 +179,55 @@ func Test_CalcCommitStatus(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, kase.expected, git_model.CalcCommitStatus(kase.statuses))
 	}
 }
+
+func TestFindRepoRecentCommitStatusContexts(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+
+	repo2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 2})
+	user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2})
+	gitRepo, err := gitrepo.OpenRepository(git.DefaultContext, repo2)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	defer gitRepo.Close()
+
+	commit, err := gitRepo.GetBranchCommit(repo2.DefaultBranch)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	defer func() {
+		_, err := db.DeleteByBean(db.DefaultContext, &git_model.CommitStatus{
+			RepoID:    repo2.ID,
+			CreatorID: user2.ID,
+			SHA:       commit.ID.String(),
+		})
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	}()
+
+	err = git_model.NewCommitStatus(db.DefaultContext, git_model.NewCommitStatusOptions{
+		Repo:    repo2,
+		Creator: user2,
+		SHA:     commit.ID,
+		CommitStatus: &git_model.CommitStatus{
+			State:     structs.CommitStatusFailure,
+			TargetURL: "https://example.com/tests/",
+			Context:   "compliance/lint-backend",
+		},
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = git_model.NewCommitStatus(db.DefaultContext, git_model.NewCommitStatusOptions{
+		Repo:    repo2,
+		Creator: user2,
+		SHA:     commit.ID,
+		CommitStatus: &git_model.CommitStatus{
+			State:     structs.CommitStatusSuccess,
+			TargetURL: "https://example.com/tests/",
+			Context:   "compliance/lint-backend",
+		},
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	contexts, err := git_model.FindRepoRecentCommitStatusContexts(db.DefaultContext, repo2.ID, time.Hour)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if assert.Len(t, contexts, 1) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "compliance/lint-backend", contexts[0])
+	}
+}
--- a/models/issues/issue_project.go
+++ b/models/issues/issue_project.go
@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ package issues

 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	project_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/project"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 )

 // LoadProject load the project the issue was assigned to
@ -90,58 +90,73 @@ func LoadIssuesFromBoardList(ctx context.Context, bs project_model.BoardList) (m
 	return issuesMap, nil
 }

-// ChangeProjectAssign changes the project associated with an issue
-func ChangeProjectAssign(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, newProjectID int64) error {
-	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer committer.Close()
+// IssueAssignOrRemoveProject changes the project associated with an issue
+// If newProjectID is 0, the issue is removed from the project
+func IssueAssignOrRemoveProject(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, newProjectID, newColumnID int64) error {
+	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		oldProjectID := issue.projectID(ctx)

-	if err := addUpdateIssueProject(ctx, issue, doer, newProjectID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return committer.Commit()
-}
-
-func addUpdateIssueProject(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, newProjectID int64) error {
-	oldProjectID := issue.projectID(ctx)
-
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Only check if we add a new project and not remove it.
-	if newProjectID > 0 {
-		newProject, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, newProjectID)
-		if err != nil {
+		if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if newProject.RepoID != issue.RepoID && newProject.OwnerID != issue.Repo.OwnerID {
-			return fmt.Errorf("issue's repository is not the same as project's repository")
+
+		// Only check if we add a new project and not remove it.
+		if newProjectID > 0 {
+			newProject, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, newProjectID)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !newProject.CanBeAccessedByOwnerRepo(issue.Repo.OwnerID, issue.Repo) {
+				return util.NewPermissionDeniedErrorf("issue %d can't be accessed by project %d", issue.ID, newProject.ID)
+			}
+			if newColumnID == 0 {
+				newDefaultColumn, err := newProject.GetDefaultBoard(ctx)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				newColumnID = newDefaultColumn.ID
+			}
 		}
-	}

-	if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("project_issue.issue_id=?", issue.ID).Delete(&project_model.ProjectIssue{}); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if oldProjectID > 0 || newProjectID > 0 {
-		if _, err := CreateComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
-			Type:         CommentTypeProject,
-			Doer:         doer,
-			Repo:         issue.Repo,
-			Issue:        issue,
-			OldProjectID: oldProjectID,
-			ProjectID:    newProjectID,
-		}); err != nil {
+		if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("project_issue.issue_id=?", issue.ID).Delete(&project_model.ProjectIssue{}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-	}

-	return db.Insert(ctx, &project_model.ProjectIssue{
-		IssueID:   issue.ID,
-		ProjectID: newProjectID,
+		if oldProjectID > 0 || newProjectID > 0 {
+			if _, err := CreateComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+				Type:         CommentTypeProject,
+				Doer:         doer,
+				Repo:         issue.Repo,
+				Issue:        issue,
+				OldProjectID: oldProjectID,
+				ProjectID:    newProjectID,
+			}); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if newProjectID == 0 {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if newColumnID == 0 {
+			panic("newColumnID must not be zero") // shouldn't happen
+		}
+
+		res := struct {
+			MaxSorting int64
+			IssueCount int64
+		}{}
+		if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Select("max(sorting) as max_sorting, count(*) as issue_count").Table("project_issue").
+			Where("project_id=?", newProjectID).
+			And("project_board_id=?", newColumnID).
+			Get(&res); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		newSorting := util.Iif(res.IssueCount > 0, res.MaxSorting+1, 0)
+		return db.Insert(ctx, &project_model.ProjectIssue{
+			IssueID:        issue.ID,
+			ProjectID:      newProjectID,
+			ProjectBoardID: newColumnID,
+			Sorting:        newSorting,
+		})
 	})
 }
--- a/models/issues/issue_update.go
+++ b/models/issues/issue_update.go
@ -429,62 +429,6 @@ func UpdateIssueMentions(ctx context.Context, issueID int64, mentions []*user_mo
 	return nil
 }

-// UpdateIssueByAPI updates all allowed fields of given issue.
-// If the issue status is changed a statusChangeComment is returned
-// similarly if the title is changed the titleChanged bool is set to true
-func UpdateIssueByAPI(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User) (statusChangeComment *Comment, titleChanged bool, err error) {
-	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, false, err
-	}
-	defer committer.Close()
-
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("loadRepo: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Reload the issue
-	currentIssue, err := GetIssueByID(ctx, issue.ID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, false, err
-	}
-
-	if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(issue.ID).Cols(
-		"name", "content", "milestone_id", "priority",
-		"deadline_unix", "updated_unix", "is_locked").
-		Update(issue); err != nil {
-		return nil, false, err
-	}
-
-	titleChanged = currentIssue.Title != issue.Title
-	if titleChanged {
-		opts := &CreateCommentOptions{
-			Type:     CommentTypeChangeTitle,
-			Doer:     doer,
-			Repo:     issue.Repo,
-			Issue:    issue,
-			OldTitle: currentIssue.Title,
-			NewTitle: issue.Title,
-		}
-		_, err := CreateComment(ctx, opts)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("createComment: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if currentIssue.IsClosed != issue.IsClosed {
-		statusChangeComment, err = doChangeIssueStatus(ctx, issue, doer, false)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, false, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := issue.AddCrossReferences(ctx, doer, true); err != nil {
-		return nil, false, err
-	}
-	return statusChangeComment, titleChanged, committer.Commit()
-}
-
 // UpdateIssueDeadline updates an issue deadline and adds comments. Setting a deadline to 0 means deleting it.
 func UpdateIssueDeadline(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, deadlineUnix timeutil.TimeStamp, doer *user_model.User) (err error) {
 	// if the deadline hasn't changed do nothing
--- a/models/issues/issue_xref_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/issue_xref_test.go
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func TestXRef_AddCrossReferences(t *testing.T) {

 	// Comment on PR to reopen issue #1
 	content = fmt.Sprintf("content2, reopens #%d", itarget.Index)
-	c := testCreateComment(t, 1, 2, pr.ID, content)
+	c := testCreateComment(t, 2, pr.ID, content)
 	ref = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Comment{IssueID: itarget.ID, RefIssueID: pr.ID, RefCommentID: c.ID})
 	assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeCommentRef, ref.Type)
 	assert.Equal(t, pr.RepoID, ref.RefRepoID)
@ -104,18 +104,18 @@ func TestXRef_ResolveCrossReferences(t *testing.T) {
 	pr := testCreatePR(t, 1, 2, "titlepr", fmt.Sprintf("closes #%d", i1.Index))
 	rp := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Comment{IssueID: i1.ID, RefIssueID: pr.Issue.ID, RefCommentID: 0})

-	c1 := testCreateComment(t, 1, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("closes #%d", i2.Index))
+	c1 := testCreateComment(t, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("closes #%d", i2.Index))
 	r1 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Comment{IssueID: i2.ID, RefIssueID: pr.Issue.ID, RefCommentID: c1.ID})

 	// Must be ignored
-	c2 := testCreateComment(t, 1, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("mentions #%d", i2.Index))
+	c2 := testCreateComment(t, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("mentions #%d", i2.Index))
 	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Comment{IssueID: i2.ID, RefIssueID: pr.Issue.ID, RefCommentID: c2.ID})

 	// Must be superseded by c4/r4
-	c3 := testCreateComment(t, 1, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("reopens #%d", i3.Index))
+	c3 := testCreateComment(t, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("reopens #%d", i3.Index))
 	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Comment{IssueID: i3.ID, RefIssueID: pr.Issue.ID, RefCommentID: c3.ID})

-	c4 := testCreateComment(t, 1, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("closes #%d", i3.Index))
+	c4 := testCreateComment(t, 2, pr.Issue.ID, fmt.Sprintf("closes #%d", i3.Index))
 	r4 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Comment{IssueID: i3.ID, RefIssueID: pr.Issue.ID, RefCommentID: c4.ID})

 	refs, err := pr.ResolveCrossReferences(db.DefaultContext)
@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ func testCreatePR(t *testing.T, repo, doer int64, title, content string) *issues
 	return pr
 }

-func testCreateComment(t *testing.T, repo, doer, issue int64, content string) *issues_model.Comment {
+func testCreateComment(t *testing.T, doer, issue int64, content string) *issues_model.Comment {
 	d := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: doer})
 	i := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: issue})
 	c := &issues_model.Comment{Type: issues_model.CommentTypeComment, PosterID: doer, Poster: d, IssueID: issue, Issue: i, Content: content}
--- a/models/issues/pull.go
+++ b/models/issues/pull.go
@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ func UpdateAllowEdits(ctx context.Context, pr *PullRequest) error {

 // Mergeable returns if the pullrequest is mergeable.
 func (pr *PullRequest) Mergeable(ctx context.Context) bool {
-	// If a pull request isn't mergable if it's:
+	// If a pull request isn't mergeable if it's:
 	// - Being conflict checked.
 	// - Has a conflict.
 	// - Received a error while being conflict checked.
--- a/models/issues/tracked_time.go
+++ b/models/issues/tracked_time.go
@ -187,8 +187,8 @@ func AddTime(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, issue *Issue, amount in
 		Issue: issue,
 		Repo:  issue.Repo,
 		Doer:  user,
-		// Content before v1.21 did store the formated string instead of seconds,
-		// so use "|" as delimeter to mark the new format
+		// Content before v1.21 did store the formatted string instead of seconds,
+		// so use "|" as delimiter to mark the new format
 		Content: fmt.Sprintf("|%d", amount),
 		Type:    CommentTypeAddTimeManual,
 		TimeID:  t.ID,
@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ func DeleteIssueUserTimes(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, user *user_model.Us
 		Issue: issue,
 		Repo:  issue.Repo,
 		Doer:  user,
-		// Content before v1.21 did store the formated string instead of seconds,
-		// so use "|" as delimeter to mark the new format
+		// Content before v1.21 did store the formatted string instead of seconds,
+		// so use "|" as delimiter to mark the new format
 		Content: fmt.Sprintf("|%d", removedTime),
 		Type:    CommentTypeDeleteTimeManual,
 	}); err != nil {
@ -298,8 +298,8 @@ func DeleteTime(ctx context.Context, t *TrackedTime) error {
 		Issue: t.Issue,
 		Repo:  t.Issue.Repo,
 		Doer:  t.User,
-		// Content before v1.21 did store the formated string instead of seconds,
-		// so use "|" as delimeter to mark the new format
+		// Content before v1.21 did store the formatted string instead of seconds,
+		// so use "|" as delimiter to mark the new format
 		Content: fmt.Sprintf("|%d", t.Time),
 		Type:    CommentTypeDeleteTimeManual,
 	}); err != nil {
--- a/models/migrations/fixtures/Test_AddConfidentialClientColumnToOAuth2ApplicationTable/o_auth2_application.yml
+++ b/models/migrations/fixtures/Test_AddConfidentialClientColumnToOAuth2ApplicationTable/o_auth2_application.yml
--- a/models/migrations/fixtures/Test_RepositoryFormat/review_state.yml
+++ b/models/migrations/fixtures/Test_RepositoryFormat/review_state.yml
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 -
  id: 1
+  user_id: 1
+  pull_id: 1
  commit_sha: 19fe5caf872476db265596eaac1dc35ad1c6422d
--- a/models/migrations/migrations.go
+++ b/models/migrations/migrations.go
@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_20"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_21"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_22"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_23"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_6"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_7"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/v1_8"
@ -574,16 +573,20 @@ var migrations = []Migration{
 	// v293 -> v294
 	NewMigration("Ensure every project has exactly one default column", v1_22.CheckProjectColumnsConsistency),

-	// Gitea 1.22.0 ends at 294
+	// Gitea 1.22.0-rc0 ends at 294

 	// v294 -> v295
-	NewMigration("Add unique index for project issue table", v1_23.AddUniqueIndexForProjectIssue),
+	NewMigration("Add unique index for project issue table", v1_22.AddUniqueIndexForProjectIssue),
 	// v295 -> v296
-	NewMigration("Add commit status summary table", v1_23.AddCommitStatusSummary),
+	NewMigration("Add commit status summary table", v1_22.AddCommitStatusSummary),
 	// v296 -> v297
-	NewMigration("Add missing field of commit status summary table", v1_23.AddCommitStatusSummary2),
+	NewMigration("Add missing field of commit status summary table", v1_22.AddCommitStatusSummary2),
 	// v297 -> v298
-	NewMigration("Add everyone_access_mode for repo_unit", v1_23.AddRepoUnitEveryoneAccessMode),
+	NewMigration("Add everyone_access_mode for repo_unit", v1_22.AddRepoUnitEveryoneAccessMode),
+	// v298 -> v299
+	NewMigration("Drop wrongly created table o_auth2_application", v1_22.DropWronglyCreatedTable),
+
+	// Gitea 1.22.0-rc1 ends at 299
 }

 // GetCurrentDBVersion returns the current db version
--- a/models/migrations/v1_16/v210.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_16/v210.go
@ -43,11 +43,6 @@ func RemigrateU2FCredentials(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-	case schemas.ORACLE:
-		_, err := x.Exec("ALTER TABLE webauthn_credential MODIFY credential_id VARCHAR(410)")
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 	case schemas.MSSQL:
 		// This column has an index on it. I could write all of the code to attempt to change the index OR
 		// I could just use recreate table.
--- a/models/migrations/v1_17/v216.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_17/v216.go
@ -4,4 +4,4 @@
 package v1_17 //nolint

 // This migration added non-ideal indices to the action table which on larger datasets slowed things down
-// it has been superceded by v218.go
+// it has been superseded by v218.go
--- a/models/migrations/v1_18/v230.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_18/v230.go
@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ import (

 // AddConfidentialColumnToOAuth2ApplicationTable: add ConfidentialClient column, setting existing rows to true
 func AddConfidentialClientColumnToOAuth2ApplicationTable(x *xorm.Engine) error {
-	type OAuth2Application struct {
+	type oauth2Application struct {
+		ID                 int64
 		ConfidentialClient bool `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE"`
 	}
-
-	return x.Sync(new(OAuth2Application))
+	return x.Sync(new(oauth2Application))
 }
--- a/models/migrations/v1_18/v230_test.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_18/v230_test.go
@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ import (

 func Test_AddConfidentialClientColumnToOAuth2ApplicationTable(t *testing.T) {
 	// premigration
-	type OAuth2Application struct {
+	type oauth2Application struct {
 		ID int64
 	}

 	// Prepare and load the testing database
-	x, deferable := base.PrepareTestEnv(t, 0, new(OAuth2Application))
+	x, deferable := base.PrepareTestEnv(t, 0, new(oauth2Application))
 	defer deferable()
 	if x == nil || t.Failed() {
 		return
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func Test_AddConfidentialClientColumnToOAuth2ApplicationTable(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	got := []ExpectedOAuth2Application{}
-	if err := x.Table("o_auth2_application").Select("id, confidential_client").Find(&got); !assert.NoError(t, err) {
+	if err := x.Table("oauth2_application").Select("id, confidential_client").Find(&got); !assert.NoError(t, err) {
 		return
 	}

--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v286.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v286.go
@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ func expandHashReferencesToSha256(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 		if setting.Database.Type.IsMSSQL() {
 			// drop indexes that need to be re-created afterwards
 			droppedIndexes := []string{
-				"DROP INDEX IF EXISTS [IDX_commit_status_context_hash] ON [commit_status]",
-				"DROP INDEX IF EXISTS [UQE_review_state_pull_commit_user] ON [review_state]",
-				"DROP INDEX IF EXISTS [UQE_repo_archiver_s] ON [repo_archiver]",
+				"DROP INDEX [IDX_commit_status_context_hash] ON [commit_status]",
+				"DROP INDEX [UQE_review_state_pull_commit_user] ON [review_state]",
+				"DROP INDEX [UQE_repo_archiver_s] ON [repo_archiver]",
 			}
 			for _, s := range droppedIndexes {
 				_, err := db.Exec(s)
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func expandHashReferencesToSha256(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 			if setting.Database.Type.IsMySQL() {
 				_, err = db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE `%s` MODIFY COLUMN `%s` VARCHAR(64)", alts[0], alts[1]))
 			} else if setting.Database.Type.IsMSSQL() {
-				_, err = db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE [%s] ALTER COLUMN [%s] VARCHAR(64)", alts[0], alts[1]))
+				_, err = db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE [%s] ALTER COLUMN [%s] NVARCHAR(64)", alts[0], alts[1]))
 			} else {
 				_, err = db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf("ALTER TABLE `%s` ALTER COLUMN `%s` TYPE VARCHAR(64)", alts[0], alts[1]))
 			}
--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v286_test.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v286_test.go
@ -19,21 +19,21 @@ func PrepareOldRepository(t *testing.T) (*xorm.Engine, func()) {

 	type CommitStatus struct {
 		ID          int64
-		ContextHash string
+		ContextHash string `xorm:"char(40) index"`
 	}

 	type RepoArchiver struct {
 		ID       int64
-		RepoID   int64
-		Type     int
-		CommitID string
+		RepoID   int64  `xorm:"index unique(s)"`
+		Type     int    `xorm:"unique(s)"`
+		CommitID string `xorm:"VARCHAR(40) unique(s)"`
 	}

 	type ReviewState struct {
 		ID        int64
-		CommitSHA string
-		UserID    int64
-		PullID    int64
+		UserID    int64  `xorm:"NOT NULL UNIQUE(pull_commit_user)"`
+		PullID    int64  `xorm:"NOT NULL INDEX UNIQUE(pull_commit_user) DEFAULT 0"`
+		CommitSHA string `xorm:"NOT NULL VARCHAR(40) UNIQUE(pull_commit_user)"`
 	}

 	type Comment struct {
--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v294.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v294.go
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package v1_23 //nolint
+package v1_22 //nolint

 import (
 	"fmt"
--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v294_test.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v294_test.go
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package v1_23 //nolint
+package v1_22 //nolint

 import (
 	"slices"
--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v295.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v295.go
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package v1_23 //nolint
+package v1_22 //nolint

 import "xorm.io/xorm"

--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v296.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v296.go
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package v1_23 //nolint
+package v1_22 //nolint

 import "xorm.io/xorm"

--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v297.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v297.go
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package v1_23 //nolint
+package v1_22 //nolint

 import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
--- a/models/migrations/v1_22/v298.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_22/v298.go
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package v1_22 //nolint
+
+import "xorm.io/xorm"
+
+func DropWronglyCreatedTable(x *xorm.Engine) error {
+	return x.DropTables("o_auth2_application")
+}
--- a/models/organization/org_test.go
+++ b/models/organization/org_test.go
@ -291,15 +291,15 @@ func TestAccessibleReposEnv_CountRepos(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAccessibleReposEnv_RepoIDs(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 	org := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &organization.Organization{ID: 3})
-	testSuccess := func(userID, _, pageSize int64, expectedRepoIDs []int64) {
+	testSuccess := func(userID int64, expectedRepoIDs []int64) {
 		env, err := organization.AccessibleReposEnv(db.DefaultContext, org, userID)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		repoIDs, err := env.RepoIDs(1, 100)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Equal(t, expectedRepoIDs, repoIDs)
 	}
-	testSuccess(2, 1, 100, []int64{3, 5, 32})
-	testSuccess(4, 0, 100, []int64{3, 32})
+	testSuccess(2, []int64{3, 5, 32})
+	testSuccess(4, []int64{3, 32})
 }

 func TestAccessibleReposEnv_Repos(t *testing.T) {
--- a/models/project/board.go
+++ b/models/project/board.go
@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ package project

 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"regexp"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"

 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
@ -82,6 +84,17 @@ func (b *Board) NumIssues(ctx context.Context) int {
 	return int(c)
 }

+func (b *Board) GetIssues(ctx context.Context) ([]*ProjectIssue, error) {
+	issues := make([]*ProjectIssue, 0, 5)
+	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("project_id=?", b.ProjectID).
+		And("project_board_id=?", b.ID).
+		OrderBy("sorting, id").
+		Find(&issues); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return issues, nil
+}
+
 func init() {
 	db.RegisterModel(new(Board))
 }
@ -150,12 +163,27 @@ func createBoardsForProjectsType(ctx context.Context, project *Project) error {
 	return db.Insert(ctx, boards)
 }

+// maxProjectColumns max columns allowed in a project, this should not bigger than 127
+// because sorting is int8 in database
+const maxProjectColumns = 20
+
 // NewBoard adds a new project board to a given project
 func NewBoard(ctx context.Context, board *Board) error {
 	if len(board.Color) != 0 && !BoardColorPattern.MatchString(board.Color) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("bad color code: %s", board.Color)
 	}
-
+	res := struct {
+		MaxSorting  int64
+		ColumnCount int64
+	}{}
+	if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Select("max(sorting) as max_sorting, count(*) as column_count").Table("project_board").
+		Where("project_id=?", board.ProjectID).Get(&res); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if res.ColumnCount >= maxProjectColumns {
+		return fmt.Errorf("NewBoard: maximum number of columns reached")
+	}
+	board.Sorting = int8(util.Iif(res.ColumnCount > 0, res.MaxSorting+1, 0))
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Insert(board)
 	return err
 }
@ -189,7 +217,17 @@ func deleteBoardByID(ctx context.Context, boardID int64) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("deleteBoardByID: cannot delete default board")
 	}

-	if err = board.removeIssues(ctx); err != nil {
+	// move all issues to the default column
+	project, err := GetProjectByID(ctx, board.ProjectID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defaultColumn, err := project.GetDefaultBoard(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = board.moveIssuesToAnotherColumn(ctx, defaultColumn); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

@ -242,21 +280,15 @@ func UpdateBoard(ctx context.Context, board *Board) error {
 // GetBoards fetches all boards related to a project
 func (p *Project) GetBoards(ctx context.Context) (BoardList, error) {
 	boards := make([]*Board, 0, 5)
-
-	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("project_id=? AND `default`=?", p.ID, false).OrderBy("sorting").Find(&boards); err != nil {
+	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("project_id=?", p.ID).OrderBy("sorting, id").Find(&boards); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	defaultB, err := p.getDefaultBoard(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return append([]*Board{defaultB}, boards...), nil
+	return boards, nil
 }

-// getDefaultBoard return default board and ensure only one exists
-func (p *Project) getDefaultBoard(ctx context.Context) (*Board, error) {
+// GetDefaultBoard return default board and ensure only one exists
+func (p *Project) GetDefaultBoard(ctx context.Context) (*Board, error) {
 	var board Board
 	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).
 		Where("project_id=? AND `default` = ?", p.ID, true).
@ -316,3 +348,42 @@ func UpdateBoardSorting(ctx context.Context, bs BoardList) error {
 		return nil
 	})
 }
+
+func GetColumnsByIDs(ctx context.Context, projectID int64, columnsIDs []int64) (BoardList, error) {
+	columns := make([]*Board, 0, 5)
+	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).
+		Where("project_id =?", projectID).
+		In("id", columnsIDs).
+		OrderBy("sorting").Find(&columns); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return columns, nil
+}
+
+// MoveColumnsOnProject sorts columns in a project
+func MoveColumnsOnProject(ctx context.Context, project *Project, sortedColumnIDs map[int64]int64) error {
+	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		sess := db.GetEngine(ctx)
+		columnIDs := util.ValuesOfMap(sortedColumnIDs)
+		movedColumns, err := GetColumnsByIDs(ctx, project.ID, columnIDs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(movedColumns) != len(sortedColumnIDs) {
+			return errors.New("some columns do not exist")
+		}
+
+		for _, column := range movedColumns {
+			if column.ProjectID != project.ID {
+				return fmt.Errorf("column[%d]'s projectID is not equal to project's ID [%d]", column.ProjectID, project.ID)
+			}
+		}
+
+		for sorting, columnID := range sortedColumnIDs {
+			if _, err := sess.Exec("UPDATE `project_board` SET sorting=? WHERE id=?", sorting, columnID); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+}
--- a/models/project/board_test.go
+++ b/models/project/board_test.go
@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 package project

 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
@ -19,7 +21,7 @@ func TestGetDefaultBoard(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// check if default board was added
-	board, err := projectWithoutDefault.getDefaultBoard(db.DefaultContext)
+	board, err := projectWithoutDefault.GetDefaultBoard(db.DefaultContext)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(5), board.ProjectID)
 	assert.Equal(t, "Uncategorized", board.Title)
@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ func TestGetDefaultBoard(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// check if multiple defaults were removed
-	board, err = projectWithMultipleDefaults.getDefaultBoard(db.DefaultContext)
+	board, err = projectWithMultipleDefaults.GetDefaultBoard(db.DefaultContext)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(6), board.ProjectID)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(9), board.ID)
@ -42,3 +44,84 @@ func TestGetDefaultBoard(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(6), board.ProjectID)
 	assert.False(t, board.Default)
 }
+
+func Test_moveIssuesToAnotherColumn(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+
+	column1 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Board{ID: 1, ProjectID: 1})
+
+	issues, err := column1.GetIssues(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, issues, 1)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, issues[0].ID)
+
+	column2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Board{ID: 2, ProjectID: 1})
+	issues, err = column2.GetIssues(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, issues, 1)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 3, issues[0].ID)
+
+	err = column1.moveIssuesToAnotherColumn(db.DefaultContext, column2)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	issues, err = column1.GetIssues(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, issues, 0)
+
+	issues, err = column2.GetIssues(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, issues, 2)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 3, issues[0].ID)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, issues[0].Sorting)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, issues[1].ID)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, issues[1].Sorting)
+}
+
+func Test_MoveColumnsOnProject(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+
+	project1 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Project{ID: 1})
+	columns, err := project1.GetBoards(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, columns, 3)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, columns[0].Sorting) // even if there is no default sorting, the code should also work
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, columns[1].Sorting)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, columns[2].Sorting)
+
+	err = MoveColumnsOnProject(db.DefaultContext, project1, map[int64]int64{
+		0: columns[1].ID,
+		1: columns[2].ID,
+		2: columns[0].ID,
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	columnsAfter, err := project1.GetBoards(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, columnsAfter, 3)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, columns[1].ID, columnsAfter[0].ID)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, columns[2].ID, columnsAfter[1].ID)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, columns[0].ID, columnsAfter[2].ID)
+}
+
+func Test_NewBoard(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+
+	project1 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Project{ID: 1})
+	columns, err := project1.GetBoards(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, columns, 3)
+
+	for i := 0; i < maxProjectColumns-3; i++ {
+		err := NewBoard(db.DefaultContext, &Board{
+			Title:     fmt.Sprintf("board-%d", i+4),
+			ProjectID: project1.ID,
+		})
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	}
+	err = NewBoard(db.DefaultContext, &Board{
+		Title:     "board-21",
+		ProjectID: project1.ID,
+	})
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(err.Error(), "maximum number of columns reached"))
+}
--- a/models/project/issue.go
+++ b/models/project/issue.go
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 )

 // ProjectIssue saves relation from issue to a project
@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ type ProjectIssue struct { //revive:disable-line:exported
 	IssueID   int64 `xorm:"INDEX"`
 	ProjectID int64 `xorm:"INDEX"`

-	// If 0, then it has not been added to a specific board in the project
+	// ProjectBoardID should not be zero since 1.22. If it's zero, the issue will not be displayed on UI and it might result in errors.
 	ProjectBoardID int64 `xorm:"INDEX"`

 	// the sorting order on the board
@ -79,11 +80,8 @@ func (p *Project) NumOpenIssues(ctx context.Context) int {
 func MoveIssuesOnProjectBoard(ctx context.Context, board *Board, sortedIssueIDs map[int64]int64) error {
 	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		sess := db.GetEngine(ctx)
+		issueIDs := util.ValuesOfMap(sortedIssueIDs)

-		issueIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(sortedIssueIDs))
-		for _, issueID := range sortedIssueIDs {
-			issueIDs = append(issueIDs, issueID)
-		}
 		count, err := sess.Table(new(ProjectIssue)).Where("project_id=?", board.ProjectID).In("issue_id", issueIDs).Count()
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@ -102,7 +100,44 @@ func MoveIssuesOnProjectBoard(ctx context.Context, board *Board, sortedIssueIDs
 	})
 }

-func (b *Board) removeIssues(ctx context.Context) error {
-	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Exec("UPDATE `project_issue` SET project_board_id = 0 WHERE project_board_id = ? ", b.ID)
-	return err
+func (b *Board) moveIssuesToAnotherColumn(ctx context.Context, newColumn *Board) error {
+	if b.ProjectID != newColumn.ProjectID {
+		return fmt.Errorf("columns have to be in the same project")
+	}
+
+	if b.ID == newColumn.ID {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	res := struct {
+		MaxSorting int64
+		IssueCount int64
+	}{}
+	if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Select("max(sorting) as max_sorting, count(*) as issue_count").
+		Table("project_issue").
+		Where("project_id=?", newColumn.ProjectID).
+		And("project_board_id=?", newColumn.ID).
+		Get(&res); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	issues, err := b.GetIssues(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(issues) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	nextSorting := util.Iif(res.IssueCount > 0, res.MaxSorting+1, 0)
+	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		for i, issue := range issues {
+			issue.ProjectBoardID = newColumn.ID
+			issue.Sorting = nextSorting + int64(i)
+			if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(issue.ID).Cols("project_board_id", "sorting").Update(issue); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 }
--- a/models/project/project.go
+++ b/models/project/project.go
@ -161,6 +161,13 @@ func (p *Project) IsRepositoryProject() bool {
 	return p.Type == TypeRepository
 }

+func (p *Project) CanBeAccessedByOwnerRepo(ownerID int64, repo *repo_model.Repository) bool {
+	if p.Type == TypeRepository {
+		return repo != nil && p.RepoID == repo.ID // if a project belongs to a repository, then its OwnerID is 0 and can be ignored
+	}
+	return p.OwnerID == ownerID && p.RepoID == 0
+}
+
 func init() {
 	db.RegisterModel(new(Project))
 }
--- a/models/repo/avatar.go
+++ b/models/repo/avatar.go
@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ import (
 	"image/png"
 	"io"
 	"net/url"
-	"strings"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/avatar"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/httplib"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/storage"
@ -84,13 +84,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) relAvatarLink(ctx context.Context) string {
 	return setting.AppSubURL + "/repo-avatars/" + url.PathEscape(repo.Avatar)
 }

-// AvatarLink returns a link to the repository's avatar.
+// AvatarLink returns the full avatar url with http host. TODO: refactor it to a relative URL, but it is still used in API response at the moment
 func (repo *Repository) AvatarLink(ctx context.Context) string {
-	link := repo.relAvatarLink(ctx)
-	// we only prepend our AppURL to our known (relative, internal) avatar link to get an absolute URL
-	if strings.HasPrefix(link, "/") && !strings.HasPrefix(link, "//") {
-		return setting.AppURL + strings.TrimPrefix(link, setting.AppSubURL)[1:]
-	}
-	// otherwise, return the link as it is
-	return link
+	return httplib.MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, repo.relAvatarLink(ctx))
 }
--- a/models/repo/search.go
+++ b/models/repo/search.go
@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ import "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 // SearchOrderByMap represents all possible search order
 var SearchOrderByMap = map[string]map[string]db.SearchOrderBy{
 	"asc": {
-		"alpha":   db.SearchOrderByAlphabetically,
+		"alpha":   "owner_name ASC, name ASC",
 		"created": db.SearchOrderByOldest,
 		"updated": db.SearchOrderByLeastUpdated,
 		"size":    db.SearchOrderBySize,
 		"id":      db.SearchOrderByID,
 	},
 	"desc": {
-		"alpha":   db.SearchOrderByAlphabeticallyReverse,
+		"alpha":   "owner_name DESC, name DESC",
 		"created": db.SearchOrderByNewest,
 		"updated": db.SearchOrderByRecentUpdated,
 		"size":    db.SearchOrderBySizeReverse,
--- a/models/repo/user_repo.go
+++ b/models/repo/user_repo.go
@ -130,7 +130,10 @@ func GetRepoAssignees(ctx context.Context, repo *Repository) (_ []*user_model.Us
 	// and just waste 1 unit is cheaper than re-allocate memory once.
 	users := make([]*user_model.User, 0, len(uniqueUserIDs)+1)
 	if len(userIDs) > 0 {
-		if err = e.In("id", uniqueUserIDs.Values()).OrderBy(user_model.GetOrderByName()).Find(&users); err != nil {
+		if err = e.In("id", uniqueUserIDs.Values()).
+			Where(builder.Eq{"`user`.is_active": true}).
+			OrderBy(user_model.GetOrderByName()).
+			Find(&users); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@ -152,7 +155,8 @@ func GetReviewers(ctx context.Context, repo *Repository, doerID, posterID int64)
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	cond := builder.And(builder.Neq{"`user`.id": posterID})
+	cond := builder.And(builder.Neq{"`user`.id": posterID}).
+		And(builder.Eq{"`user`.is_active": true})

 	if repo.IsPrivate || repo.Owner.Visibility == api.VisibleTypePrivate {
 		// This a private repository:
--- a/models/repo/user_repo_test.go
+++ b/models/repo/user_repo_test.go
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@ -25,8 +26,17 @@ func TestRepoAssignees(t *testing.T) {
 	repo21 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 21})
 	users, err = repo_model.GetRepoAssignees(db.DefaultContext, repo21)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, users, 4)
-	assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int64{10, 15, 16, 18}, []int64{users[0].ID, users[1].ID, users[2].ID, users[3].ID})
+	if assert.Len(t, users, 4) {
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int64{10, 15, 16, 18}, []int64{users[0].ID, users[1].ID, users[2].ID, users[3].ID})
+	}
+
+	// do not return deactivated users
+	assert.NoError(t, user_model.UpdateUserCols(db.DefaultContext, &user_model.User{ID: 15, IsActive: false}, "is_active"))
+	users, err = repo_model.GetRepoAssignees(db.DefaultContext, repo21)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if assert.Len(t, users, 3) {
+		assert.NotContains(t, []int64{users[0].ID, users[1].ID, users[2].ID}, 15)
+	}
 }

 func TestRepoGetReviewers(t *testing.T) {
@ -38,17 +48,19 @@ func TestRepoGetReviewers(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := db.DefaultContext
 	reviewers, err := repo_model.GetReviewers(ctx, repo1, 2, 2)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, reviewers, 4)
+	if assert.Len(t, reviewers, 3) {
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int64{1, 4, 11}, []int64{reviewers[0].ID, reviewers[1].ID, reviewers[2].ID})
+	}

 	// should include doer if doer is not PR poster.
 	reviewers, err = repo_model.GetReviewers(ctx, repo1, 11, 2)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, reviewers, 4)
+	assert.Len(t, reviewers, 3)

 	// should not include PR poster, if PR poster would be otherwise eligible
 	reviewers, err = repo_model.GetReviewers(ctx, repo1, 11, 4)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, reviewers, 3)
+	assert.Len(t, reviewers, 2)

 	// test private user repo
 	repo2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 2})
--- a/models/unittest/testdb.go
+++ b/models/unittest/testdb.go
@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package unittest
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
@ -16,7 +15,9 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/system"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth/password/hash"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/cache"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting/config"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/storage"
@ -45,6 +46,14 @@ func fatalTestError(fmtStr string, args ...any) {

 // InitSettings initializes config provider and load common settings for tests
 func InitSettings() {
+	setting.IsInTesting = true
+	log.OsExiter = func(code int) {
+		if code != 0 {
+			// non-zero exit code (log.Fatal) shouldn't occur during testing, if it happens, show a full stacktrace for more details
+			panic(fmt.Errorf("non-zero exit code during testing: %d", code))
+		}
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
 	if setting.CustomConf == "" {
 		setting.CustomConf = filepath.Join(setting.CustomPath, "conf/app-unittest-tmp.ini")
 		_ = os.Remove(setting.CustomConf)
@ -53,7 +62,7 @@ func InitSettings() {
 	setting.LoadCommonSettings()

 	if err := setting.PrepareAppDataPath(); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Can not prepare APP_DATA_PATH: %v", err)
+		log.Fatal("Can not prepare APP_DATA_PATH: %v", err)
 	}
 	// register the dummy hash algorithm function used in the test fixtures
 	_ = hash.Register("dummy", hash.NewDummyHasher)
@ -106,6 +115,7 @@ func MainTest(m *testing.M, testOpts ...*TestOptions) {
 		fatalTestError("Error creating test engine: %v\n", err)
 	}

+	setting.IsInTesting = true
 	setting.AppURL = "https://try.gitea.io/"
 	setting.RunUser = "runuser"
 	setting.SSH.User = "sshuser"
@ -148,6 +158,9 @@ func MainTest(m *testing.M, testOpts ...*TestOptions) {

 	config.SetDynGetter(system.NewDatabaseDynKeyGetter())

+	if err = cache.Init(); err != nil {
+		fatalTestError("cache.Init: %v\n", err)
+	}
 	if err = storage.Init(); err != nil {
 		fatalTestError("storage.Init: %v\n", err)
 	}
--- a/models/user/avatar.go
+++ b/models/user/avatar.go
@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"image/png"
 	"io"
-	"strings"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/avatars"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/avatar"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/httplib"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/storage"
@ -89,13 +89,9 @@ func (u *User) AvatarLinkWithSize(ctx context.Context, size int) string {
 	return avatars.GenerateEmailAvatarFastLink(ctx, u.AvatarEmail, size)
 }

-// AvatarLink returns the full avatar link with http host
+// AvatarLink returns the full avatar url with http host. TODO: refactor it to a relative URL, but it is still used in API response at the moment
 func (u *User) AvatarLink(ctx context.Context) string {
-	link := u.AvatarLinkWithSize(ctx, 0)
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(link, "//") && !strings.Contains(link, "://") {
-		return setting.AppURL + strings.TrimPrefix(link, setting.AppSubURL+"/")
-	}
-	return link
+	return httplib.MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, u.AvatarLinkWithSize(ctx, 0))
 }

 // IsUploadAvatarChanged returns true if the current user's avatar would be changed with the provided data
--- a/models/user/user.go
+++ b/models/user/user.go
@ -501,19 +501,19 @@ func GetUserSalt() (string, error) {
 // Note: The set of characters here can safely expand without a breaking change,
 // but characters removed from this set can cause user account linking to break
 var (
-	customCharsReplacement    = strings.NewReplacer("Æ", "AE")
-	removeCharsRE             = regexp.MustCompile(`['´\x60]`)
-	removeDiacriticsTransform = transform.Chain(norm.NFD, runes.Remove(runes.In(unicode.Mn)), norm.NFC)
-	replaceCharsHyphenRE      = regexp.MustCompile(`[\s~+]`)
+	customCharsReplacement = strings.NewReplacer("Æ", "AE")
+	removeCharsRE          = regexp.MustCompile("['`´]")
+	transformDiacritics    = transform.Chain(norm.NFD, runes.Remove(runes.In(unicode.Mn)), norm.NFC)
+	replaceCharsHyphenRE   = regexp.MustCompile(`[\s~+]`)
 )

-// normalizeUserName returns a string with single-quotes and diacritics
-// removed, and any other non-supported username characters replaced with
-// a `-` character
+// NormalizeUserName only takes the name part if it is an email address, transforms it diacritics to ASCII characters.
+// It returns a string with the single-quotes removed, and any other non-supported username characters are replaced with a `-` character
 func NormalizeUserName(s string) (string, error) {
-	strDiacriticsRemoved, n, err := transform.String(removeDiacriticsTransform, customCharsReplacement.Replace(s))
+	s, _, _ = strings.Cut(s, "@")
+	strDiacriticsRemoved, n, err := transform.String(transformDiacritics, customCharsReplacement.Replace(s))
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("Failed to normalize character `%v` in provided username `%v`", s[n], s)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to normalize the string of provided username %q at position %d", s, n)
 	}
 	return replaceCharsHyphenRE.ReplaceAllLiteralString(removeCharsRE.ReplaceAllLiteralString(strDiacriticsRemoved, ""), "-"), nil
 }
--- a/models/user/user_test.go
+++ b/models/user/user_test.go
@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ package user_test

 import (
 	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
 	"fmt"
-	"math/rand"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@ -506,15 +506,16 @@ func Test_NormalizeUserFromEmail(t *testing.T) {
 		Expected          string
 		IsNormalizedValid bool
 	}{
-		{"test", "test", true},
+		{"name@example.com", "name", true},
+		{"test'`´name", "testname", true},
 		{"Sinéad.O'Connor", "Sinead.OConnor", true},
 		{"Æsir", "AEsir", true},
-		// \u00e9\u0065\u0301
-		{"éé", "ee", true},
+		{"éé", "ee", true}, // \u00e9\u0065\u0301
 		{"Awareness Hub", "Awareness-Hub", true},
 		{"double__underscore", "double__underscore", false}, // We should consider squashing double non-alpha characters
 		{".bad.", ".bad.", false},
 		{"new😀user", "new😀user", false}, // No plans to support
+		{`"quoted"`, `"quoted"`, false}, // No plans to support
 	}
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
 		normalizedName, err := user_model.NormalizeUserName(testCase.Input)
--- a/modules/actions/workflows.go
+++ b/modules/actions/workflows.go
@ -208,14 +208,14 @@ func detectMatched(gitRepo *git.Repository, commit *git.Commit, triggedEvent web
 		webhook_module.HookEventIssueAssign,
 		webhook_module.HookEventIssueLabel,
 		webhook_module.HookEventIssueMilestone:
-		return matchIssuesEvent(commit, payload.(*api.IssuePayload), evt)
+		return matchIssuesEvent(payload.(*api.IssuePayload), evt)

 	case // issue_comment
 		webhook_module.HookEventIssueComment,
 		// `pull_request_comment` is same as `issue_comment`
 		// See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/events-that-trigger-workflows#pull_request_comment-use-issue_comment
 		webhook_module.HookEventPullRequestComment:
-		return matchIssueCommentEvent(commit, payload.(*api.IssueCommentPayload), evt)
+		return matchIssueCommentEvent(payload.(*api.IssueCommentPayload), evt)

 	case // pull_request
 		webhook_module.HookEventPullRequest,
@ -229,19 +229,19 @@ func detectMatched(gitRepo *git.Repository, commit *git.Commit, triggedEvent web
 	case // pull_request_review
 		webhook_module.HookEventPullRequestReviewApproved,
 		webhook_module.HookEventPullRequestReviewRejected:
-		return matchPullRequestReviewEvent(commit, payload.(*api.PullRequestPayload), evt)
+		return matchPullRequestReviewEvent(payload.(*api.PullRequestPayload), evt)

 	case // pull_request_review_comment
 		webhook_module.HookEventPullRequestReviewComment:
-		return matchPullRequestReviewCommentEvent(commit, payload.(*api.PullRequestPayload), evt)
+		return matchPullRequestReviewCommentEvent(payload.(*api.PullRequestPayload), evt)

 	case // release
 		webhook_module.HookEventRelease:
-		return matchReleaseEvent(commit, payload.(*api.ReleasePayload), evt)
+		return matchReleaseEvent(payload.(*api.ReleasePayload), evt)

 	case // registry_package
 		webhook_module.HookEventPackage:
-		return matchPackageEvent(commit, payload.(*api.PackagePayload), evt)
+		return matchPackageEvent(payload.(*api.PackagePayload), evt)

 	default:
 		log.Warn("unsupported event %q", triggedEvent)
@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ func matchPushEvent(commit *git.Commit, pushPayload *api.PushPayload, evt *jobpa
 	return matchTimes == len(evt.Acts())
 }

-func matchIssuesEvent(commit *git.Commit, issuePayload *api.IssuePayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
+func matchIssuesEvent(issuePayload *api.IssuePayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
 	// with no special filter parameters
 	if len(evt.Acts()) == 0 {
 		return true
@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ func matchPullRequestEvent(gitRepo *git.Repository, commit *git.Commit, prPayloa
 	return activityTypeMatched && matchTimes == len(evt.Acts())
 }

-func matchIssueCommentEvent(commit *git.Commit, issueCommentPayload *api.IssueCommentPayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
+func matchIssueCommentEvent(issueCommentPayload *api.IssueCommentPayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
 	// with no special filter parameters
 	if len(evt.Acts()) == 0 {
 		return true
@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ func matchIssueCommentEvent(commit *git.Commit, issueCommentPayload *api.IssueCo
 	return matchTimes == len(evt.Acts())
 }

-func matchPullRequestReviewEvent(commit *git.Commit, prPayload *api.PullRequestPayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
+func matchPullRequestReviewEvent(prPayload *api.PullRequestPayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
 	// with no special filter parameters
 	if len(evt.Acts()) == 0 {
 		return true
@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ func matchPullRequestReviewEvent(commit *git.Commit, prPayload *api.PullRequestP
 	return matchTimes == len(evt.Acts())
 }

-func matchPullRequestReviewCommentEvent(commit *git.Commit, prPayload *api.PullRequestPayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
+func matchPullRequestReviewCommentEvent(prPayload *api.PullRequestPayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
 	// with no special filter parameters
 	if len(evt.Acts()) == 0 {
 		return true
@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ func matchPullRequestReviewCommentEvent(commit *git.Commit, prPayload *api.PullR
 	return matchTimes == len(evt.Acts())
 }

-func matchReleaseEvent(commit *git.Commit, payload *api.ReleasePayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
+func matchReleaseEvent(payload *api.ReleasePayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
 	// with no special filter parameters
 	if len(evt.Acts()) == 0 {
 		return true
@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ func matchReleaseEvent(commit *git.Commit, payload *api.ReleasePayload, evt *job
 	return matchTimes == len(evt.Acts())
 }

-func matchPackageEvent(commit *git.Commit, payload *api.PackagePayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
+func matchPackageEvent(payload *api.PackagePayload, evt *jobparser.Event) bool {
 	// with no special filter parameters
 	if len(evt.Acts()) == 0 {
 		return true
--- a/modules/auth/password/pwn/pwn_test.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/pwn/pwn_test.go
@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 package pwn

 import (
-	"math/rand"
 	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/h2non/gock"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )

@ -18,92 +16,35 @@ var client = New(WithHTTP(&http.Client{
 	Timeout: time.Second * 2,
 }))

-func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
-	rand.Seed(time.Now().Unix())
-	os.Exit(m.Run())
-}
-
 func TestPassword(t *testing.T) {
-	// Check input error
-	_, err := client.CheckPassword("", false)
+	defer gock.Off()
+
+	count, err := client.CheckPassword("", false)
 	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrEmptyPassword, "blank input should return ErrEmptyPassword")
+	assert.Equal(t, -1, count)

-	// Should fail
-	fail := "password1234"
-	count, err := client.CheckPassword(fail, false)
-	assert.NotEmpty(t, count, "%s should fail as a password", fail)
+	gock.New("https://api.pwnedpasswords.com").Get("/range/5c1d8").Times(1).Reply(200).BodyString("EAF2F254732680E8AC339B84F3266ECCBB5:1\r\nFC446EB88938834178CB9322C1EE273C2A7:2")
+	count, err = client.CheckPassword("pwned", false)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, count)

-	// Should fail (with padding)
-	failPad := "administrator"
-	count, err = client.CheckPassword(failPad, true)
-	assert.NotEmpty(t, count, "%s should fail as a password", failPad)
+	gock.New("https://api.pwnedpasswords.com").Get("/range/ba189").Times(1).Reply(200).BodyString("FD4CB34F0378BCB15D23F6FFD28F0775C9E:3\r\nFDF342FCD8C3611DAE4D76E8A992A3E4169:4")
+	count, err = client.CheckPassword("notpwned", false)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, count)

-	// Checking for a "good" password isn't going to be perfect, but we can give it a good try
-	// with hopefully minimal error. Try five times?
-	assert.Condition(t, func() bool {
-		for i := 0; i <= 5; i++ {
-			count, err = client.CheckPassword(testPassword(), false)
-			assert.NoError(t, err)
-			if count == 0 {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-		return false
-	}, "no generated passwords passed. there is a chance this is a fluke")
+	gock.New("https://api.pwnedpasswords.com").Get("/range/a1733").Times(1).Reply(200).BodyString("C4CE0F1F0062B27B9E2F41AF0C08218017C:1\r\nFC446EB88938834178CB9322C1EE273C2A7:2\r\nFE81480327C992FE62065A827429DD1318B:0")
+	count, err = client.CheckPassword("paddedpwned", true)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, count)

-	// Again, but with padded responses
-	assert.Condition(t, func() bool {
-		for i := 0; i <= 5; i++ {
-			count, err = client.CheckPassword(testPassword(), true)
-			assert.NoError(t, err)
-			if count == 0 {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-		return false
-	}, "no generated passwords passed. there is a chance this is a fluke")
-}
-
-// Credit to https://golangbyexample.com/generate-random-password-golang/
-// DO NOT USE THIS FOR AN ACTUAL PASSWORD GENERATOR
-var (
-	lowerCharSet   = "abcdedfghijklmnopqrst"
-	upperCharSet   = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
-	specialCharSet = "!@#$%&*"
-	numberSet      = "0123456789"
-	allCharSet     = lowerCharSet + upperCharSet + specialCharSet + numberSet
-)
-
-func testPassword() string {
-	var password strings.Builder
-
-	// Set special character
-	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
-		random := rand.Intn(len(specialCharSet))
-		password.WriteString(string(specialCharSet[random]))
-	}
-
-	// Set numeric
-	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
-		random := rand.Intn(len(numberSet))
-		password.WriteString(string(numberSet[random]))
-	}
-
-	// Set uppercase
-	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
-		random := rand.Intn(len(upperCharSet))
-		password.WriteString(string(upperCharSet[random]))
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
-		random := rand.Intn(len(allCharSet))
-		password.WriteString(string(allCharSet[random]))
-	}
-	inRune := []rune(password.String())
-	rand.Shuffle(len(inRune), func(i, j int) {
-		inRune[i], inRune[j] = inRune[j], inRune[i]
-	})
-	return string(inRune)
+	gock.New("https://api.pwnedpasswords.com").Get("/range/5617b").Times(1).Reply(200).BodyString("FD4CB34F0378BCB15D23F6FFD28F0775C9E:3\r\nFDF342FCD8C3611DAE4D76E8A992A3E4169:4\r\nFE81480327C992FE62065A827429DD1318B:0")
+	count, err = client.CheckPassword("paddednotpwned", true)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, count)
+
+	gock.New("https://api.pwnedpasswords.com").Get("/range/79082").Times(1).Reply(200).BodyString("FDF342FCD8C3611DAE4D76E8A992A3E4169:4\r\nFE81480327C992FE62065A827429DD1318B:0\r\nAFEF386F56EB0B4BE314E07696E5E6E6536:0")
+	count, err = client.CheckPassword("paddednotpwnedzero", true)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, count)
 }
--- a/modules/git/blame.go
+++ b/modules/git/blame.go
@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ func (r *BlameReader) Close() error {
 // CreateBlameReader creates reader for given repository, commit and file
 func CreateBlameReader(ctx context.Context, objectFormat ObjectFormat, repoPath string, commit *Commit, file string, bypassBlameIgnore bool) (*BlameReader, error) {
 	var ignoreRevsFile *string
-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.23") == nil && !bypassBlameIgnore {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.23") && !bypassBlameIgnore {
 		ignoreRevsFile = tryCreateBlameIgnoreRevsFile(commit)
 	}

--- a/modules/git/commit.go
+++ b/modules/git/commit.go
@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ func (c *Commit) GetSubModule(entryname string) (*SubModule, error) {
 // GetBranchName gets the closest branch name (as returned by 'git name-rev --name-only')
 func (c *Commit) GetBranchName() (string, error) {
 	cmd := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, "name-rev")
-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.13.0") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.13.0") {
 		cmd.AddArguments("--exclude", "refs/tags/*")
 	}
 	cmd.AddArguments("--name-only", "--no-undefined").AddDynamicArguments(c.ID.String())
--- a/modules/git/commit_info_nogogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/commit_info_nogogit.go
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func (tes Entries) GetCommitsInfo(ctx context.Context, commit *Commit, treePath
 	var revs map[string]*Commit
 	if commit.repo.LastCommitCache != nil {
 		var unHitPaths []string
-		revs, unHitPaths, err = getLastCommitForPathsByCache(ctx, commit.ID.String(), treePath, entryPaths, commit.repo.LastCommitCache)
+		revs, unHitPaths, err = getLastCommitForPathsByCache(commit.ID.String(), treePath, entryPaths, commit.repo.LastCommitCache)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ func (tes Entries) GetCommitsInfo(ctx context.Context, commit *Commit, treePath
 	return commitsInfo, treeCommit, nil
 }

-func getLastCommitForPathsByCache(ctx context.Context, commitID, treePath string, paths []string, cache *LastCommitCache) (map[string]*Commit, []string, error) {
+func getLastCommitForPathsByCache(commitID, treePath string, paths []string, cache *LastCommitCache) (map[string]*Commit, []string, error) {
 	var unHitEntryPaths []string
 	results := make(map[string]*Commit)
 	for _, p := range paths {
--- a/modules/git/git.go
+++ b/modules/git/git.go
@ -22,42 +22,63 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-version"
 )

-// RequiredVersion is the minimum Git version required
-const RequiredVersion = "2.0.0"
+const RequiredVersion = "2.0.0" // the minimum Git version required
+
+type Features struct {
+	gitVersion *version.Version
+
+	UsingGogit             bool
+	SupportProcReceive     bool           // >= 2.29
+	SupportHashSha256      bool           // >= 2.42, SHA-256 repositories no longer an ‘experimental curiosity’
+	SupportedObjectFormats []ObjectFormat // sha1, sha256
+}

 var (
-	// GitExecutable is the command name of git
-	// Could be updated to an absolute path while initialization
-	GitExecutable = "git"
-
-	// DefaultContext is the default context to run git commands in, must be initialized by git.InitXxx
-	DefaultContext context.Context
-
-	DefaultFeatures struct {
-		GitVersion *version.Version
-
-		SupportProcReceive bool // >= 2.29
-		SupportHashSha256  bool // >= 2.42, SHA-256 repositories no longer an ‘experimental curiosity’
-	}
+	GitExecutable   = "git"         // the command name of git, will be updated to an absolute path during initialization
+	DefaultContext  context.Context // the default context to run git commands in, must be initialized by git.InitXxx
+	defaultFeatures *Features
 )

-// loadGitVersion tries to get the current git version and stores it into a global variable
-func loadGitVersion() error {
-	// doesn't need RWMutex because it's executed by Init()
-	if DefaultFeatures.GitVersion != nil {
-		return nil
-	}
+func (f *Features) CheckVersionAtLeast(atLeast string) bool {
+	return f.gitVersion.Compare(version.Must(version.NewVersion(atLeast))) >= 0
+}

+// VersionInfo returns git version information
+func (f *Features) VersionInfo() string {
+	return f.gitVersion.Original()
+}
+
+func DefaultFeatures() *Features {
+	if defaultFeatures == nil {
+		if !setting.IsProd || setting.IsInTesting {
+			log.Warn("git.DefaultFeatures is called before git.InitXxx, initializing with default values")
+		}
+		if err := InitSimple(context.Background()); err != nil {
+			log.Fatal("git.InitSimple failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return defaultFeatures
+}
+
+func loadGitVersionFeatures() (*Features, error) {
 	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "version").RunStdString(nil)
 	if runErr != nil {
-		return runErr
+		return nil, runErr
 	}

 	ver, err := parseGitVersionLine(strings.TrimSpace(stdout))
-	if err == nil {
-		DefaultFeatures.GitVersion = ver
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	return err
+
+	features := &Features{gitVersion: ver, UsingGogit: isGogit}
+	features.SupportProcReceive = features.CheckVersionAtLeast("2.29")
+	features.SupportHashSha256 = features.CheckVersionAtLeast("2.42") && !isGogit
+	features.SupportedObjectFormats = []ObjectFormat{Sha1ObjectFormat}
+	if features.SupportHashSha256 {
+		features.SupportedObjectFormats = append(features.SupportedObjectFormats, Sha256ObjectFormat)
+	}
+	return features, nil
 }

 func parseGitVersionLine(s string) (*version.Version, error) {
@ -85,56 +106,24 @@ func SetExecutablePath(path string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("git not found: %w", err)
 	}
 	GitExecutable = absPath
+	return nil
+}

-	if err = loadGitVersion(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to load git version: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	versionRequired, err := version.NewVersion(RequiredVersion)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if DefaultFeatures.GitVersion.LessThan(versionRequired) {
+func ensureGitVersion() error {
+	if !DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast(RequiredVersion) {
 		moreHint := "get git: https://git-scm.com/download/"
 		if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
 			// there are a lot of CentOS/RHEL users using old git, so we add a special hint for them
-			if _, err = os.Stat("/etc/redhat-release"); err == nil {
+			if _, err := os.Stat("/etc/redhat-release"); err == nil {
 				// ius.io is the recommended official(git-scm.com) method to install git
 				moreHint = "get git: https://git-scm.com/download/linux and https://ius.io"
 			}
 		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("installed git version %q is not supported, Gitea requires git version >= %q, %s", DefaultFeatures.GitVersion.Original(), RequiredVersion, moreHint)
+		return fmt.Errorf("installed git version %q is not supported, Gitea requires git version >= %q, %s", DefaultFeatures().gitVersion.Original(), RequiredVersion, moreHint)
 	}

-	if err = checkGitVersionCompatibility(DefaultFeatures.GitVersion); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("installed git version %s has a known compatibility issue with Gitea: %w, please upgrade (or downgrade) git", DefaultFeatures.GitVersion.String(), err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// VersionInfo returns git version information
-func VersionInfo() string {
-	if DefaultFeatures.GitVersion == nil {
-		return "(git not found)"
-	}
-	format := "%s"
-	args := []any{DefaultFeatures.GitVersion.Original()}
-	// Since git wire protocol has been released from git v2.18
-	if setting.Git.EnableAutoGitWireProtocol && CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.18") == nil {
-		format += ", Wire Protocol %s Enabled"
-		args = append(args, "Version 2") // for focus color
-	}
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
-}
-
-func checkInit() error {
-	if setting.Git.HomePath == "" {
-		return errors.New("unable to init Git's HomeDir, incorrect initialization of the setting and git modules")
-	}
-	if DefaultContext != nil {
-		log.Warn("git module has been initialized already, duplicate init may work but it's better to fix it")
+	if err := checkGitVersionCompatibility(DefaultFeatures().gitVersion); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("installed git version %s has a known compatibility issue with Gitea: %w, please upgrade (or downgrade) git", DefaultFeatures().gitVersion.String(), err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@ -154,8 +143,12 @@ func HomeDir() string {
 // InitSimple initializes git module with a very simple step, no config changes, no global command arguments.
 // This method doesn't change anything to filesystem. At the moment, it is only used by some Gitea sub-commands.
 func InitSimple(ctx context.Context) error {
-	if err := checkInit(); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if setting.Git.HomePath == "" {
+		return errors.New("unable to init Git's HomeDir, incorrect initialization of the setting and git modules")
+	}
+
+	if DefaultContext != nil && (!setting.IsProd || setting.IsInTesting) {
+		log.Warn("git module has been initialized already, duplicate init may work but it's better to fix it")
 	}

 	DefaultContext = ctx
@ -165,7 +158,24 @@ func InitSimple(ctx context.Context) error {
 		defaultCommandExecutionTimeout = time.Duration(setting.Git.Timeout.Default) * time.Second
 	}

-	return SetExecutablePath(setting.Git.Path)
+	if err := SetExecutablePath(setting.Git.Path); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	defaultFeatures, err = loadGitVersionFeatures()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err = ensureGitVersion(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// when git works with gnupg (commit signing), there should be a stable home for gnupg commands
+	if _, ok := os.LookupEnv("GNUPGHOME"); !ok {
+		_ = os.Setenv("GNUPGHOME", filepath.Join(HomeDir(), ".gnupg"))
+	}
+	return nil
 }

 // InitFull initializes git module with version check and change global variables, sync gitconfig.
@ -175,30 +185,18 @@ func InitFull(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 		return err
 	}

-	// when git works with gnupg (commit signing), there should be a stable home for gnupg commands
-	if _, ok := os.LookupEnv("GNUPGHOME"); !ok {
-		_ = os.Setenv("GNUPGHOME", filepath.Join(HomeDir(), ".gnupg"))
-	}
-
 	// Since git wire protocol has been released from git v2.18
-	if setting.Git.EnableAutoGitWireProtocol && CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.18") == nil {
+	if setting.Git.EnableAutoGitWireProtocol && DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.18") {
 		globalCommandArgs = append(globalCommandArgs, "-c", "protocol.version=2")
 	}

 	// Explicitly disable credential helper, otherwise Git credentials might leak
-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.9") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.9") {
 		globalCommandArgs = append(globalCommandArgs, "-c", "credential.helper=")
 	}
-	DefaultFeatures.SupportProcReceive = CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.29") == nil
-	DefaultFeatures.SupportHashSha256 = CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.42") == nil && !isGogit
-	if DefaultFeatures.SupportHashSha256 {
-		SupportedObjectFormats = append(SupportedObjectFormats, Sha256ObjectFormat)
-	} else {
-		log.Warn("sha256 hash support is disabled - requires Git >= 2.42. Gogit is currently unsupported")
-	}

 	if setting.LFS.StartServer {
-		if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.1.2") != nil {
+		if !DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.1.2") {
 			return errors.New("LFS server support requires Git >= 2.1.2")
 		}
 		globalCommandArgs = append(globalCommandArgs, "-c", "filter.lfs.required=", "-c", "filter.lfs.smudge=", "-c", "filter.lfs.clean=")
@ -238,13 +236,13 @@ func syncGitConfig() (err error) {
 		return err
 	}

-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.10") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.10") {
 		if err := configSet("receive.advertisePushOptions", "true"); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}

-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.18") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.18") {
 		if err := configSet("core.commitGraph", "true"); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@ -256,7 +254,7 @@ func syncGitConfig() (err error) {
 		}
 	}

-	if DefaultFeatures.SupportProcReceive {
+	if DefaultFeatures().SupportProcReceive {
 		// set support for AGit flow
 		if err := configAddNonExist("receive.procReceiveRefs", "refs/for"); err != nil {
 			return err
@ -294,7 +292,7 @@ func syncGitConfig() (err error) {
 	}

 	// By default partial clones are disabled, enable them from git v2.22
-	if !setting.Git.DisablePartialClone && CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.22") == nil {
+	if !setting.Git.DisablePartialClone && DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.22") {
 		if err = configSet("uploadpack.allowfilter", "true"); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@ -309,21 +307,6 @@ func syncGitConfig() (err error) {
 	return err
 }

-// CheckGitVersionAtLeast check git version is at least the constraint version
-func CheckGitVersionAtLeast(atLeast string) error {
-	if DefaultFeatures.GitVersion == nil {
-		panic("git module is not initialized") // it shouldn't happen
-	}
-	atLeastVersion, err := version.NewVersion(atLeast)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if DefaultFeatures.GitVersion.Compare(atLeastVersion) < 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("installed git binary version %s is not at least %s", DefaultFeatures.GitVersion.Original(), atLeast)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 func checkGitVersionCompatibility(gitVer *version.Version) error {
 	badVersions := []struct {
 		Version *version.Version
--- a/modules/git/grep.go
+++ b/modules/git/grep.go
@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ type GrepOptions struct {
 	ContextLineNumber int
 	IsFuzzy           bool
 	MaxLineLength     int // the maximum length of a line to parse, exceeding chars will be truncated
+	PathspecList      []string
 }

 func GrepSearch(ctx context.Context, repo *Repository, search string, opts GrepOptions) ([]*GrepResult, error) {
@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ func GrepSearch(ctx context.Context, repo *Repository, search string, opts GrepO
 		cmd.AddOptionValues("-e", strings.TrimLeft(search, "-"))
 	}
 	cmd.AddDynamicArguments(util.IfZero(opts.RefName, "HEAD"))
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(opts.PathspecList...)
 	opts.MaxResultLimit = util.IfZero(opts.MaxResultLimit, 50)
 	stderr := bytes.Buffer{}
 	err = cmd.Run(&RunOpts{
--- a/modules/git/grep_test.go
+++ b/modules/git/grep_test.go
@ -31,6 +31,26 @@ func TestGrepSearch(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}, res)

+	res, err = GrepSearch(context.Background(), repo, "void", GrepOptions{PathspecList: []string{":(glob)java-hello/*"}})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []*GrepResult{
+		{
+			Filename:    "java-hello/main.java",
+			LineNumbers: []int{3},
+			LineCodes:   []string{" public static void main(String[] args)"},
+		},
+	}, res)
+
+	res, err = GrepSearch(context.Background(), repo, "void", GrepOptions{PathspecList: []string{":(glob,exclude)java-hello/*"}})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []*GrepResult{
+		{
+			Filename:    "main.vendor.java",
+			LineNumbers: []int{3},
+			LineCodes:   []string{" public static void main(String[] args)"},
+		},
+	}, res)
+
 	res, err = GrepSearch(context.Background(), repo, "void", GrepOptions{MaxResultLimit: 1})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, []*GrepResult{
--- a/modules/git/object_format.go
+++ b/modules/git/object_format.go
@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ type ObjectFormat interface {
 	ComputeHash(t ObjectType, content []byte) ObjectID
 }

-/* SHA1 Type */
 type Sha1ObjectFormatImpl struct{}

 var (
@ -70,14 +69,10 @@ func (h Sha1ObjectFormatImpl) ComputeHash(t ObjectType, content []byte) ObjectID
 	_, _ = hasher.Write([]byte(" "))
 	_, _ = hasher.Write([]byte(strconv.FormatInt(int64(len(content)), 10)))
 	_, _ = hasher.Write([]byte{0})
-
-	// HashSum generates a SHA1 for the provided hash
-	var sha1 Sha1Hash
-	copy(sha1[:], hasher.Sum(nil))
-	return &sha1
+	_, _ = hasher.Write(content)
+	return h.MustID(hasher.Sum(nil))
 }

-/* SHA256 Type */
 type Sha256ObjectFormatImpl struct{}

 var (
@ -116,11 +111,8 @@ func (h Sha256ObjectFormatImpl) ComputeHash(t ObjectType, content []byte) Object
 	_, _ = hasher.Write([]byte(" "))
 	_, _ = hasher.Write([]byte(strconv.FormatInt(int64(len(content)), 10)))
 	_, _ = hasher.Write([]byte{0})
-
-	// HashSum generates a SHA256 for the provided hash
-	var sha256 Sha1Hash
-	copy(sha256[:], hasher.Sum(nil))
-	return &sha256
+	_, _ = hasher.Write(content)
+	return h.MustID(hasher.Sum(nil))
 }

 var (
@ -128,12 +120,8 @@ var (
 	Sha256ObjectFormat ObjectFormat = Sha256ObjectFormatImpl{}
 )

-var SupportedObjectFormats = []ObjectFormat{
-	Sha1ObjectFormat,
-}
-
 func ObjectFormatFromName(name string) ObjectFormat {
-	for _, objectFormat := range SupportedObjectFormats {
+	for _, objectFormat := range DefaultFeatures().SupportedObjectFormats {
 		if name == objectFormat.Name() {
 			return objectFormat
 		}
--- a/modules/git/object_id.go
+++ b/modules/git/object_id.go
@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ type ObjectID interface {
 	Type() ObjectFormat
 }

-/* SHA1 */
 type Sha1Hash [20]byte

 func (h *Sha1Hash) String() string {
@ -40,7 +39,6 @@ func MustIDFromString(hexHash string) ObjectID {
 	return id
 }

-/* SHA256 */
 type Sha256Hash [32]byte

 func (h *Sha256Hash) String() string {
@ -54,10 +52,9 @@ func (h *Sha256Hash) IsZero() bool {
 func (h *Sha256Hash) RawValue() []byte { return h[:] }
 func (*Sha256Hash) Type() ObjectFormat { return Sha256ObjectFormat }

-/* utility */
 func NewIDFromString(hexHash string) (ObjectID, error) {
 	var theObjectFormat ObjectFormat
-	for _, objectFormat := range SupportedObjectFormats {
+	for _, objectFormat := range DefaultFeatures().SupportedObjectFormats {
 		if len(hexHash) == objectFormat.FullLength() {
 			theObjectFormat = objectFormat
 			break
--- a/modules/git/object_id_test.go
+++ b/modules/git/object_id_test.go
@ -18,4 +18,8 @@ func TestIsValidSHAPattern(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.False(t, h.IsValid("abc"))
 	assert.False(t, h.IsValid("123g"))
 	assert.False(t, h.IsValid("some random text"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391", ComputeBlobHash(Sha1ObjectFormat, nil).String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "2e65efe2a145dda7ee51d1741299f848e5bf752e", ComputeBlobHash(Sha1ObjectFormat, []byte("a")).String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "473a0f4c3be8a93681a267e3b1e9a7dcda1185436fe141f7749120a303721813", ComputeBlobHash(Sha256ObjectFormat, nil).String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "eb337bcee2061c5313c9a1392116b6c76039e9e30d71467ae359b36277e17dc7", ComputeBlobHash(Sha256ObjectFormat, []byte("a")).String())
 }
--- a/modules/git/parse_gogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/parse_gogit.go
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 )

 // ParseTreeEntries parses the output of a `git ls-tree -l` command.
-func ParseTreeEntries(h ObjectFormat, data []byte) ([]*TreeEntry, error) {
+func ParseTreeEntries(data []byte) ([]*TreeEntry, error) {
 	return parseTreeEntries(data, nil)
 }

--- a/modules/git/parse_gogit_test.go
+++ b/modules/git/parse_gogit_test.go
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func TestParseTreeEntries(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
-		entries, err := ParseTreeEntries(Sha1ObjectFormat, []byte(testCase.Input))
+		entries, err := ParseTreeEntries([]byte(testCase.Input))
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		if len(entries) > 1 {
 			fmt.Println(testCase.Expected[0].ID)
--- a/modules/git/parse_nogogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/parse_nogogit.go
@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ import (
 )

 // ParseTreeEntries parses the output of a `git ls-tree -l` command.
-func ParseTreeEntries(objectFormat ObjectFormat, data []byte) ([]*TreeEntry, error) {
-	return parseTreeEntries(objectFormat, data, nil)
+func ParseTreeEntries(data []byte) ([]*TreeEntry, error) {
+	return parseTreeEntries(data, nil)
 }

 var sepSpace = []byte{' '}

-func parseTreeEntries(objectFormat ObjectFormat, data []byte, ptree *Tree) ([]*TreeEntry, error) {
+func parseTreeEntries(data []byte, ptree *Tree) ([]*TreeEntry, error) {
 	var err error
 	entries := make([]*TreeEntry, 0, bytes.Count(data, []byte{'\n'})+1)
 	for pos := 0; pos < len(data); {
--- a/modules/git/parse_nogogit_test.go
+++ b/modules/git/parse_nogogit_test.go
@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ import (
 )

 func TestParseTreeEntriesLong(t *testing.T) {
-	objectFormat := Sha1ObjectFormat
-
 	testCases := []struct {
 		Input    string
 		Expected []*TreeEntry
@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ func TestParseTreeEntriesLong(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
-		entries, err := ParseTreeEntries(objectFormat, []byte(testCase.Input))
+		entries, err := ParseTreeEntries([]byte(testCase.Input))
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Len(t, entries, len(testCase.Expected))
 		for i, entry := range entries {
@ -66,8 +64,6 @@ func TestParseTreeEntriesLong(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestParseTreeEntriesShort(t *testing.T) {
-	objectFormat := Sha1ObjectFormat
-
 	testCases := []struct {
 		Input    string
 		Expected []*TreeEntry
@ -91,7 +87,7 @@ func TestParseTreeEntriesShort(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
-		entries, err := ParseTreeEntries(objectFormat, []byte(testCase.Input))
+		entries, err := ParseTreeEntries([]byte(testCase.Input))
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Len(t, entries, len(testCase.Expected))
 		for i, entry := range entries {
@ -102,7 +98,7 @@ func TestParseTreeEntriesShort(t *testing.T) {

 func TestParseTreeEntriesInvalid(t *testing.T) {
 	// there was a panic: "runtime error: slice bounds out of range" when the input was invalid: #20315
-	entries, err := ParseTreeEntries(Sha1ObjectFormat, []byte("100644 blob ea0d83c9081af9500ac9f804101b3fd0a5c293af"))
+	entries, err := ParseTreeEntries([]byte("100644 blob ea0d83c9081af9500ac9f804101b3fd0a5c293af"))
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 	assert.Len(t, entries, 0)
 }
--- a/modules/git/pipeline/lfs_common.go
+++ b/modules/git/pipeline/lfs_common.go
@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package pipeline
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
+)
+
+// LFSResult represents commits found using a provided pointer file hash
+type LFSResult struct {
+	Name           string
+	SHA            string
+	Summary        string
+	When           time.Time
+	ParentHashes   []git.ObjectID
+	BranchName     string
+	FullCommitName string
+}
+
+type lfsResultSlice []*LFSResult
+
+func (a lfsResultSlice) Len() int           { return len(a) }
+func (a lfsResultSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
+func (a lfsResultSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[j].When.After(a[i].When) }
+
+func lfsError(msg string, err error) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("LFS error occurred, %s: err: %w", msg, err)
+}
--- a/modules/git/pipeline/lfs_gogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/pipeline/lfs_gogit.go
@ -7,12 +7,10 @@ package pipeline

 import (
 	"bufio"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"

@ -21,23 +19,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing/object"
 )

-// LFSResult represents commits found using a provided pointer file hash
-type LFSResult struct {
-	Name           string
-	SHA            string
-	Summary        string
-	When           time.Time
-	ParentHashes   []git.ObjectID
-	BranchName     string
-	FullCommitName string
-}
-
-type lfsResultSlice []*LFSResult
-
-func (a lfsResultSlice) Len() int           { return len(a) }
-func (a lfsResultSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
-func (a lfsResultSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[j].When.After(a[i].When) }
-
 // FindLFSFile finds commits that contain a provided pointer file hash
 func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, error) {
 	resultsMap := map[string]*LFSResult{}
@ -51,7 +32,7 @@ func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, err
 		All:   true,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to get GoGit CommitsIter. Error: %w", err)
+		return nil, lfsError("failed to get GoGit CommitsIter", err)
 	}

 	err = commitsIter.ForEach(func(gitCommit *object.Commit) error {
@ -85,7 +66,7 @@ func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, err
 		return nil
 	})
 	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failure in CommitIter.ForEach: %w", err)
+		return nil, lfsError("failure in CommitIter.ForEach", err)
 	}

 	for _, result := range resultsMap {
@ -156,7 +137,7 @@ func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, err
 	select {
 	case err, has := <-errChan:
 		if has {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unable to obtain name for LFS files. Error: %w", err)
+			return nil, lfsError("unable to obtain name for LFS files", err)
 		}
 	default:
 	}
--- a/modules/git/pipeline/lfs_nogogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/pipeline/lfs_nogogit.go
@ -8,33 +8,14 @@ package pipeline
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 )

-// LFSResult represents commits found using a provided pointer file hash
-type LFSResult struct {
-	Name           string
-	SHA            string
-	Summary        string
-	When           time.Time
-	ParentIDs      []git.ObjectID
-	BranchName     string
-	FullCommitName string
-}
-
-type lfsResultSlice []*LFSResult
-
-func (a lfsResultSlice) Len() int           { return len(a) }
-func (a lfsResultSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
-func (a lfsResultSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[j].When.After(a[i].When) }
-
 // FindLFSFile finds commits that contain a provided pointer file hash
 func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, error) {
 	resultsMap := map[string]*LFSResult{}
@ -137,11 +118,11 @@ func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, err
 					n += int64(count)
 					if bytes.Equal(binObjectID, objectID.RawValue()) {
 						result := LFSResult{
-							Name:      curPath + string(fname),
-							SHA:       curCommit.ID.String(),
-							Summary:   strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(curCommit.CommitMessage), "\n")[0],
-							When:      curCommit.Author.When,
-							ParentIDs: curCommit.Parents,
+							Name:         curPath + string(fname),
+							SHA:          curCommit.ID.String(),
+							Summary:      strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(curCommit.CommitMessage), "\n")[0],
+							When:         curCommit.Author.When,
+							ParentHashes: curCommit.Parents,
 						}
 						resultsMap[curCommit.ID.String()+":"+curPath+string(fname)] = &result
 					} else if string(mode) == git.EntryModeTree.String() {
@ -183,7 +164,7 @@ func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, err

 	for _, result := range resultsMap {
 		hasParent := false
-		for _, parentID := range result.ParentIDs {
+		for _, parentID := range result.ParentHashes {
 			if _, hasParent = resultsMap[parentID.String()+":"+result.Name]; hasParent {
 				break
 			}
@ -240,7 +221,7 @@ func FindLFSFile(repo *git.Repository, objectID git.ObjectID) ([]*LFSResult, err
 	select {
 	case err, has := <-errChan:
 		if has {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unable to obtain name for LFS files. Error: %w", err)
+			return nil, lfsError("unable to obtain name for LFS files", err)
 		}
 	default:
 	}
--- a/modules/git/ref.go
+++ b/modules/git/ref.go
@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ func (ref RefName) RefGroup() string {
 }

 // RefType returns the simple ref type of the reference, e.g. branch, tag
-// It's differrent from RefGroup, which is using the name of the directory under .git/refs
+// It's different from RefGroup, which is using the name of the directory under .git/refs
 // Here we using branch but not heads, using tag but not tags
 func (ref RefName) RefType() string {
 	var refType string
--- a/modules/git/remote.go
+++ b/modules/git/remote.go
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 // GetRemoteAddress returns remote url of git repository in the repoPath with special remote name
 func GetRemoteAddress(ctx context.Context, repoPath, remoteName string) (string, error) {
 	var cmd *Command
-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.7") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.7") {
 		cmd = NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "get-url").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName)
 	} else {
 		cmd = NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--get").AddDynamicArguments("remote." + remoteName + ".url")
--- a/modules/git/repo.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo.go
@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ package git
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/url"
@ -63,32 +62,6 @@ func IsRepoURLAccessible(ctx context.Context, url string) bool {
 	return err == nil
 }

-// GetObjectFormatOfRepo returns the hash type of repository at a given path
-func GetObjectFormatOfRepo(ctx context.Context, repoPath string) (ObjectFormat, error) {
-	var stdout, stderr strings.Builder
-
-	err := NewCommand(ctx, "hash-object", "--stdin").Run(&RunOpts{
-		Dir:    repoPath,
-		Stdout: &stdout,
-		Stderr: &stderr,
-		Stdin:  &strings.Reader{},
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if stderr.Len() > 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New(stderr.String())
-	}
-
-	h, err := NewIDFromString(strings.TrimRight(stdout.String(), "\n"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return h.Type(), nil
-}
-
 // InitRepository initializes a new Git repository.
 func InitRepository(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, bare bool, objectFormatName string) error {
 	err := os.MkdirAll(repoPath, os.ModePerm)
@ -101,7 +74,7 @@ func InitRepository(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, bare bool, objectForma
 	if !IsValidObjectFormat(objectFormatName) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid object format: %s", objectFormatName)
 	}
-	if DefaultFeatures.SupportHashSha256 {
+	if DefaultFeatures().SupportHashSha256 {
 		cmd.AddOptionValues("--object-format", objectFormatName)
 	}

--- a/modules/git/repo_base.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo_base.go
@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package git
-
-var isGogit bool
--- a/modules/git/repo_base_gogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo_base_gogit.go
@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/storage/filesystem"
 )

-func init() {
-	isGogit = true
-}
+const isGogit = true

 // Repository represents a Git repository.
 type Repository struct {
--- a/modules/git/repo_base_nogogit.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo_base_nogogit.go
@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 )

-func init() {
-	isGogit = false
-}
+const isGogit = false

 // Repository represents a Git repository.
 type Repository struct {
--- a/modules/git/repo_commit.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo_commit.go
@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) getCommitsBeforeLimit(id ObjectID, num int) ([]*Commit,
 }

 func (repo *Repository) getBranches(commit *Commit, limit int) ([]string, error) {
-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.7.0") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.7.0") {
 		stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "for-each-ref", "--format=%(refname:strip=2)").
 			AddOptionFormat("--count=%d", limit).
 			AddOptionValues("--contains", commit.ID.String(), BranchPrefix).
--- a/modules/git/repo_commitgraph.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo_commitgraph.go
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 // WriteCommitGraph write commit graph to speed up repo access
 // this requires git v2.18 to be installed
 func WriteCommitGraph(ctx context.Context, repoPath string) error {
-	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.18") == nil {
+	if DefaultFeatures().CheckVersionAtLeast("2.18") {
 		if _, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "commit-graph", "write").RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath}); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unable to write commit-graph for '%s' : %w", repoPath, err)
 		}
--- a/Show more
+++ b/Show more