# xorm [δΈζ](https://gitea.com/xorm/xorm/src/branch/master/README_CN.md) Xorm is a simple and powerful ORM for Go. [![Build Status](https://drone.gitea.com/api/badges/xorm/xorm/status.svg)](https://drone.gitea.com/xorm/xorm) [![](http://gocover.io/_badge/xorm.io/xorm)](https://gocover.io/xorm.io/xorm) [![](https://goreportcard.com/badge/xorm.io/xorm)](https://goreportcard.com/report/xorm.io/xorm) [![Join the chat at https://img.shields.io/discord/323460943201959939.svg](https://img.shields.io/discord/323460943201959939.svg)](https://discord.gg/HuR2CF3) ## Notice v1.0.0 has some break changes from v0.8.2. - Removed some non gonic function name `Id`, `Sql`, please use `ID`, `SQL` instead. - Removed the dependent from `xorm.io/core` and moved the codes to `xorm.io/xorm/core`, `xorm.io/xorm/names`, `xorm.io/xorm/schemas` and others. - Renamed some interface names. i.e. `core.IMapper` -> `names.Mapper`, `core.ILogger` -> `log.Logger`. ## Features * Struct <-> Table Mapping Support * Chainable APIs * Transaction Support * Both ORM and raw SQL operation Support * Sync database schema Support * Query Cache speed up * Database Reverse support via [xorm.io/reverse](https://xorm.io/reverse) * Simple cascade loading support * Optimistic Locking support * SQL Builder support via [xorm.io/builder](https://xorm.io/builder) * Automatical Read/Write seperatelly * Postgres schema support * Context Cache support * Support log/SQLLog context ## Drivers Support Drivers for Go's sql package which currently support database/sql includes: * [Mysql5.*](https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server/tree/5.7) / [Mysql8.*](https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server) / [Mariadb](https://github.com/MariaDB/server) / [Tidb](https://github.com/pingcap/tidb) - [github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql) - [github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv](https://github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv) * [Postgres](https://github.com/postgres/postgres) / [Cockroach](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach) - [github.com/lib/pq](https://github.com/lib/pq) - [github.com/jackc/pgx](https://github.com/jackc/pgx) * [SQLite](https://sqlite.org) - [github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3) - [modernc.org/sqlite](https://gitlab.com/cznic/sqlite) (windows unsupported) * MsSql - [github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb](https://github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb) * Oracle - [github.com/godror/godror](https://github.com/godror/godror) (experiment) - [github.com/mattn/go-oci8](https://github.com/mattn/go-oci8) (experiment) ## Installation go get xorm.io/xorm ## Documents * [Manual](http://xorm.io/docs) * [GoDoc](http://pkg.go.dev/xorm.io/xorm) ## Quick Start * Create Engine Firstly, we should new an engine for a database. ```Go engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, dataSourceName) ``` * Define a struct and Sync2 table struct to database ```Go type User struct { Id int64 Name string Salt string Age int Passwd string `xorm:"varchar(200)"` Created time.Time `xorm:"created"` Updated time.Time `xorm:"updated"` } err := engine.Sync2(new(User)) ``` * Create Engine Group ```Go dataSourceNameSlice := []string{masterDataSourceName, slave1DataSourceName, slave2DataSourceName} engineGroup, err := xorm.NewEngineGroup(driverName, dataSourceNameSlice) ``` ```Go masterEngine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, masterDataSourceName) slave1Engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, slave1DataSourceName) slave2Engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, slave2DataSourceName) engineGroup, err := xorm.NewEngineGroup(masterEngine, []*Engine{slave1Engine, slave2Engine}) ``` Then all place where `engine` you can just use `engineGroup`. * `Query` runs a SQL string, the returned results is `[]map[string][]byte`, `QueryString` returns `[]map[string]string`, `QueryInterface` returns `[]map[string]interface{}`. ```Go results, err := engine.Query("select * from user") results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").Query() results, err := engine.QueryString("select * from user") results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").QueryString() results, err := engine.QueryInterface("select * from user") results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").QueryInterface() ``` * `Exec` runs a SQL string, it returns `affected` and `error` ```Go affected, err := engine.Exec("update user set age = ? where name = ?", age, name) ``` * `Insert` one or multiple records to database ```Go affected, err := engine.Insert(&user) // INSERT INTO struct () values () affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &user2) // INSERT INTO struct1 () values () // INSERT INTO struct2 () values () affected, err := engine.Insert(&users) // INSERT INTO struct () values (),(),() affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &users) // INSERT INTO struct1 () values () // INSERT INTO struct2 () values (),(),() ``` * `Get` query one record from database ```Go has, err := engine.Get(&user) // SELECT * FROM user LIMIT 1 has, err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).Desc("id").Get(&user) // SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1 var name string has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Cols("name").Get(&name) // SELECT name FROM user WHERE id = ? var id int64 has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("name = ?", name).Cols("id").Get(&id) has, err := engine.SQL("select id from user").Get(&id) // SELECT id FROM user WHERE name = ? var valuesMap = make(map[string]string) has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Get(&valuesMap) // SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = ? var valuesSlice = make([]interface{}, len(cols)) has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Cols(cols...).Get(&valuesSlice) // SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM user WHERE id = ? ``` * `Exist` check if one record exist on table ```Go has, err := testEngine.Exist(new(RecordExist)) // SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1 has, err = testEngine.Exist(&RecordExist{ Name: "test1", }) // SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1 has, err = testEngine.Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist(&RecordExist{}) // SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1 has, err = testEngine.SQL("select * from record_exist where name = ?", "test1").Exist() // select * from record_exist where name = ? has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Exist() // SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1 has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist() // SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1 ``` * `Find` query multiple records from database, also you can use join and extends ```Go var users []User err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).And("age > 10").Limit(10, 0).Find(&users) // SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? AND age > 10 limit 10 offset 0 type Detail struct { Id int64 UserId int64 `xorm:"index"` } type UserDetail struct { User `xorm:"extends"` Detail `xorm:"extends"` } var users []UserDetail err := engine.Table("user").Select("user.*, detail.*"). Join("INNER", "detail", "detail.user_id = user.id"). Where("user.name = ?", name).Limit(10, 0). Find(&users) // SELECT user.*, detail.* FROM user INNER JOIN detail WHERE user.name = ? limit 10 offset 0 ``` * `Iterate` and `Rows` query multiple records and record by record handle, there are two methods Iterate and Rows ```Go err := engine.Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error { user := bean.(*User) return nil }) // SELECT * FROM user err := engine.BufferSize(100).Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error { user := bean.(*User) return nil }) // SELECT * FROM user Limit 0, 100 // SELECT * FROM user Limit 101, 100 rows, err := engine.Rows(&User{Name:name}) // SELECT * FROM user defer rows.Close() bean := new(Struct) for rows.Next() { err = rows.Scan(bean) } ``` * `Update` update one or more records, default will update non-empty and non-zero fields except when you use Cols, AllCols and so on. ```Go affected, err := engine.ID(1).Update(&user) // UPDATE user SET ... WHERE id = ? affected, err := engine.Update(&user, &User{Name:name}) // UPDATE user SET ... WHERE name = ? var ids = []int64{1, 2, 3} affected, err := engine.In("id", ids).Update(&user) // UPDATE user SET ... WHERE id IN (?, ?, ?) // force update indicated columns by Cols affected, err := engine.ID(1).Cols("age").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12}) // UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? WHERE id = ? // force NOT update indicated columns by Omit affected, err := engine.ID(1).Omit("name").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12}) // UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? WHERE id = ? affected, err := engine.ID(1).AllCols().Update(&user) // UPDATE user SET name=?,age=?,salt=?,passwd=?,updated=? WHERE id = ? ``` * `Delete` delete one or more records, Delete MUST have condition ```Go affected, err := engine.Where(...).Delete(&user) // DELETE FROM user WHERE ... affected, err := engine.ID(2).Delete(&user) // DELETE FROM user WHERE id = ? affected, err := engine.Table("user").Where(...).Delete() // DELETE FROM user WHERE ... ``` * `Count` count records ```Go counts, err := engine.Count(&user) // SELECT count(*) AS total FROM user ``` * `FindAndCount` combines function `Find` with `Count` which is usually used in query by page ```Go var users []User counts, err := engine.FindAndCount(&users) ``` * `Sum` sum functions ```Go agesFloat64, err := engine.Sum(&user, "age") // SELECT sum(age) AS total FROM user agesInt64, err := engine.SumInt(&user, "age") // SELECT sum(age) AS total FROM user sumFloat64Slice, err := engine.Sums(&user, "age", "score") // SELECT sum(age), sum(score) FROM user sumInt64Slice, err := engine.SumsInt(&user, "age", "score") // SELECT sum(age), sum(score) FROM user ``` * Query conditions builder ```Go err := engine.Where(builder.NotIn("a", 1, 2).And(builder.In("b", "c", "d", "e"))).Find(&users) // SELECT id, name ... FROM user WHERE a NOT IN (?, ?) AND b IN (?, ?, ?) ``` * Multiple operations in one go routine, no transaction here but resue session memory ```Go session := engine.NewSession() defer session.Close() user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()} if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil { return err } user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"} if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil { return err } if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil { return err } return nil ``` * Transaction should be on one go routine. There is transaction and resue session memory ```Go session := engine.NewSession() defer session.Close() // add Begin() before any action if err := session.Begin(); err != nil { // if returned then will rollback automatically return err } user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()} if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil { return err } user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"} if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil { return err } if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil { return err } // add Commit() after all actions return session.Commit() ``` * Or you can use `Transaction` to replace above codes. ```Go res, err := engine.Transaction(func(session *xorm.Session) (interface{}, error) { user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()} if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil { return nil, err } user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"} if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil { return nil, err } if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil { return nil, err } return nil, nil }) ``` * Context Cache, if enabled, current query result will be cached on session and be used by next same statement on the same session. ```Go sess := engine.NewSession() defer sess.Close() var context = xorm.NewMemoryContextCache() var c2 ContextGetStruct has, err := sess.ID(1).ContextCache(context).Get(&c2) assert.NoError(t, err) assert.True(t, has) assert.EqualValues(t, 1, c2.Id) assert.EqualValues(t, "1", c2.Name) sql, args := sess.LastSQL() assert.True(t, len(sql) > 0) assert.True(t, len(args) > 0) var c3 ContextGetStruct has, err = sess.ID(1).ContextCache(context).Get(&c3) assert.NoError(t, err) assert.True(t, has) assert.EqualValues(t, 1, c3.Id) assert.EqualValues(t, "1", c3.Name) sql, args = sess.LastSQL() assert.True(t, len(sql) == 0) assert.True(t, len(args) == 0) ``` ## Contributing If you want to pull request, please see [CONTRIBUTING](https://gitea.com/xorm/xorm/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md). And you can also go to [Xorm on discourse](https://xorm.discourse.group) to discuss. ## Credits ### Contributors This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute. [[Contribute](CONTRIBUTING.md)]. <a href="graphs/contributors"><img src="https://opencollective.com/xorm/contributors.svg?width=890&button=false" /></a> ### Backers Thank you to all our backers! π [[Become a backer](https://opencollective.com/xorm#backer)] <a href="https://opencollective.com/xorm#backers" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/xorm/backers.svg?width=890"></a> ### Sponsors Support this project by becoming a sponsor. Your logo will show up here with a link to your website. [[Become a sponsor](https://opencollective.com/xorm#sponsor)] ## Changelog You can find all the changelog [here](CHANGELOG.md) ## Cases * [studygolang](http://studygolang.com/) - [github.com/studygolang/studygolang](https://github.com/studygolang/studygolang) * [Gitea](http://gitea.io) - [github.com/go-gitea/gitea](http://github.com/go-gitea/gitea) * [Gogs](http://try.gogits.org) - [github.com/gogits/gogs](http://github.com/gogits/gogs) * [grafana](https://grafana.com/) - [github.com/grafana/grafana](http://github.com/grafana/grafana) * [github.com/m3ng9i/qreader](https://github.com/m3ng9i/qreader) * [Wego](http://github.com/go-tango/wego) * [Docker.cn](https://docker.cn/) * [Xorm Adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter) for [Casbin](https://github.com/casbin/casbin) - [github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter) * [Gorevel](http://gorevel.cn/) - [github.com/goofcc/gorevel](http://github.com/goofcc/gorevel) * [Gowalker](http://gowalker.org) - [github.com/Unknwon/gowalker](http://github.com/Unknwon/gowalker) * [Gobuild.io](http://gobuild.io) - [github.com/shxsun/gobuild](http://github.com/shxsun/gobuild) * [Sudo China](http://sudochina.com) - [github.com/insionng/toropress](http://github.com/insionng/toropress) * [Godaily](http://godaily.org) - [github.com/govc/godaily](http://github.com/govc/godaily) * [YouGam](http://www.yougam.com/) * [GoCMS - github.com/zzboy/GoCMS](https://github.com/zzdboy/GoCMS) * [GoBBS - gobbs.domolo.com](http://gobbs.domolo.com/) * [go-blog](http://wangcheng.me) - [github.com/easykoo/go-blog](https://github.com/easykoo/go-blog) ## LICENSE BSD License [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/)