ansible/lib/ansible/inventory/__init__.py

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# (c) 2012-2014, Michael DeHaan <michael.dehaan@gmail.com>
#
# This file is part of Ansible
#
# Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Ansible. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#############################################
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from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function)
__metaclass__ = type
import fnmatch
import os
import sys
import re
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import stat
import subprocess
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from ansible import constants as C
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from ansible import errors
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from ansible.inventory.ini import InventoryParser
from ansible.inventory.script import InventoryScript
from ansible.inventory.dir import InventoryDirectory
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from ansible.inventory.group import Group
from ansible.inventory.host import Host
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from ansible.plugins import vars_loader
from ansible.utils.path import is_executable
from ansible.utils.vars import combine_vars
class Inventory(object):
"""
Host inventory for ansible.
"""
#__slots__ = [ 'host_list', 'groups', '_restriction', '_also_restriction', '_subset',
# 'parser', '_vars_per_host', '_vars_per_group', '_hosts_cache', '_groups_list',
# '_pattern_cache', '_vault_password', '_vars_plugins', '_playbook_basedir']
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def __init__(self, loader, variable_manager, host_list=C.DEFAULT_HOST_LIST):
# the host file file, or script path, or list of hosts
# if a list, inventory data will NOT be loaded
self.host_list = host_list
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self._loader = loader
self._variable_manager = variable_manager
# caching to avoid repeated calculations, particularly with
# external inventory scripts.
self._vars_per_host = {}
self._vars_per_group = {}
self._hosts_cache = {}
self._groups_list = {}
self._pattern_cache = {}
# to be set by calling set_playbook_basedir by playbook code
self._playbook_basedir = None
# the inventory object holds a list of groups
self.groups = []
# a list of host(names) to contain current inquiries to
self._restriction = None
self._also_restriction = None
self._subset = None
if isinstance(host_list, basestring):
if "," in host_list:
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host_list = host_list.split(",")
host_list = [ h for h in host_list if h and h.strip() ]
if host_list is None:
self.parser = None
elif isinstance(host_list, list):
self.parser = None
all = Group('all')
self.groups = [ all ]
ipv6_re = re.compile('\[([a-f:A-F0-9]*[%[0-z]+]?)\](?::(\d+))?')
for x in host_list:
m = ipv6_re.match(x)
if m:
all.add_host(Host(m.groups()[0], m.groups()[1]))
else:
if ":" in x:
tokens = x.rsplit(":", 1)
# if there is ':' in the address, then this is an ipv6
if ':' in tokens[0]:
all.add_host(Host(x))
else:
all.add_host(Host(tokens[0], tokens[1]))
else:
all.add_host(Host(x))
elif os.path.exists(host_list):
if os.path.isdir(host_list):
# Ensure basedir is inside the directory
self.host_list = os.path.join(self.host_list, "")
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self.parser = InventoryDirectory(loader=self._loader, filename=host_list)
self.groups = self.parser.groups.values()
else:
# check to see if the specified file starts with a
# shebang (#!/), so if an error is raised by the parser
# class we can show a more apropos error
shebang_present = False
try:
inv_file = open(host_list)
first_line = inv_file.readlines()[0]
inv_file.close()
if first_line.startswith('#!'):
shebang_present = True
except:
pass
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if is_executable(host_list):
try:
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self.parser = InventoryScript(loader=self._loader, filename=host_list)
self.groups = self.parser.groups.values()
except:
if not shebang_present:
raise errors.AnsibleError("The file %s is marked as executable, but failed to execute correctly. " % host_list + \
"If this is not supposed to be an executable script, correct this with `chmod -x %s`." % host_list)
else:
raise
else:
try:
self.parser = InventoryParser(filename=host_list)
self.groups = self.parser.groups.values()
except:
if shebang_present:
raise errors.AnsibleError("The file %s looks like it should be an executable inventory script, but is not marked executable. " % host_list + \
"Perhaps you want to correct this with `chmod +x %s`?" % host_list)
else:
raise
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vars_loader.add_directory(self.basedir(), with_subdir=True)
else:
raise errors.AnsibleError("Unable to find an inventory file (%s), "
"specify one with -i ?" % host_list)
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self._vars_plugins = [ x for x in vars_loader.all(self) ]
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# FIXME: shouldn't be required, since the group/host vars file
# management will be done in VariableManager
# get group vars from group_vars/ files and vars plugins
for group in self.groups:
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# FIXME: combine_vars
group.vars = combine_vars(group.vars, self.get_group_variables(group.name))
# get host vars from host_vars/ files and vars plugins
for host in self.get_hosts():
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# FIXME: combine_vars
host.vars = combine_vars(host.vars, self.get_host_variables(host.name))
def _match(self, str, pattern_str):
try:
if pattern_str.startswith('~'):
return re.search(pattern_str[1:], str)
else:
return fnmatch.fnmatch(str, pattern_str)
except Exception, e:
raise errors.AnsibleError('invalid host pattern: %s' % pattern_str)
def _match_list(self, items, item_attr, pattern_str):
results = []
try:
if not pattern_str.startswith('~'):
pattern = re.compile(fnmatch.translate(pattern_str))
else:
pattern = re.compile(pattern_str[1:])
except Exception, e:
raise errors.AnsibleError('invalid host pattern: %s' % pattern_str)
for item in items:
if pattern.match(getattr(item, item_attr)):
results.append(item)
return results
def get_hosts(self, pattern="all"):
"""
find all host names matching a pattern string, taking into account any inventory restrictions or
applied subsets.
"""
# process patterns
if isinstance(pattern, list):
pattern = ';'.join(pattern)
patterns = pattern.replace(";",":").split(":")
hosts = self._get_hosts(patterns)
# exclude hosts not in a subset, if defined
if self._subset:
subset = self._get_hosts(self._subset)
hosts = [ h for h in hosts if h in subset ]
# exclude hosts mentioned in any restriction (ex: failed hosts)
if self._restriction is not None:
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hosts = [ h for h in hosts if h in self._restriction ]
if self._also_restriction is not None:
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hosts = [ h for h in hosts if h in self._also_restriction ]
return hosts
def _get_hosts(self, patterns):
"""
finds hosts that match a list of patterns. Handles negative
matches as well as intersection matches.
"""
# Host specifiers should be sorted to ensure consistent behavior
pattern_regular = []
pattern_intersection = []
pattern_exclude = []
for p in patterns:
if p.startswith("!"):
pattern_exclude.append(p)
elif p.startswith("&"):
pattern_intersection.append(p)
elif p:
pattern_regular.append(p)
# if no regular pattern was given, hence only exclude and/or intersection
# make that magically work
if pattern_regular == []:
pattern_regular = ['all']
# when applying the host selectors, run those without the "&" or "!"
# first, then the &s, then the !s.
patterns = pattern_regular + pattern_intersection + pattern_exclude
hosts = []
for p in patterns:
# avoid resolving a pattern that is a plain host
if p in self._hosts_cache:
hosts.append(self.get_host(p))
else:
that = self.__get_hosts(p)
if p.startswith("!"):
hosts = [ h for h in hosts if h not in that ]
elif p.startswith("&"):
hosts = [ h for h in hosts if h in that ]
else:
to_append = [ h for h in that if h.name not in [ y.name for y in hosts ] ]
hosts.extend(to_append)
return hosts
def __get_hosts(self, pattern):
"""
finds hosts that positively match a particular pattern. Does not
take into account negative matches.
"""
if pattern in self._pattern_cache:
return self._pattern_cache[pattern]
(name, enumeration_details) = self._enumeration_info(pattern)
hpat = self._hosts_in_unenumerated_pattern(name)
result = self._apply_ranges(pattern, hpat)
self._pattern_cache[pattern] = result
return result
def _enumeration_info(self, pattern):
"""
returns (pattern, limits) taking a regular pattern and finding out
which parts of it correspond to start/stop offsets. limits is
a tuple of (start, stop) or None
"""
# Do not parse regexes for enumeration info
if pattern.startswith('~'):
return (pattern, None)
# The regex used to match on the range, which can be [x] or [x-y].
pattern_re = re.compile("^(.*)\[([-]?[0-9]+)(?:(?:-)([0-9]+))?\](.*)$")
m = pattern_re.match(pattern)
if m:
(target, first, last, rest) = m.groups()
first = int(first)
if last:
if first < 0:
raise errors.AnsibleError("invalid range: negative indices cannot be used as the first item in a range")
last = int(last)
else:
last = first
return (target, (first, last))
else:
return (pattern, None)
def _apply_ranges(self, pat, hosts):
"""
given a pattern like foo, that matches hosts, return all of hosts
given a pattern like foo[0:5], where foo matches hosts, return the first 6 hosts
"""
# If there are no hosts to select from, just return the
# empty set. This prevents trying to do selections on an empty set.
# issue#6258
if not hosts:
return hosts
(loose_pattern, limits) = self._enumeration_info(pat)
if not limits:
return hosts
(left, right) = limits
if left == '':
left = 0
if right == '':
right = 0
left=int(left)
right=int(right)
try:
if left != right:
return hosts[left:right]
else:
return [ hosts[left] ]
except IndexError:
raise errors.AnsibleError("no hosts matching the pattern '%s' were found" % pat)
def _create_implicit_localhost(self, pattern):
new_host = Host(pattern)
new_host.set_variable("ansible_python_interpreter", sys.executable)
new_host.set_variable("ansible_connection", "local")
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new_host.ipv4_address = '127.0.0.1'
ungrouped = self.get_group("ungrouped")
if ungrouped is None:
self.add_group(Group('ungrouped'))
ungrouped = self.get_group('ungrouped')
self.get_group('all').add_child_group(ungrouped)
ungrouped.add_host(new_host)
return new_host
def _hosts_in_unenumerated_pattern(self, pattern):
""" Get all host names matching the pattern """
results = []
hosts = []
hostnames = set()
# ignore any negative checks here, this is handled elsewhere
pattern = pattern.replace("!","").replace("&", "")
def __append_host_to_results(host):
if host not in results and host.name not in hostnames:
hostnames.add(host.name)
results.append(host)
groups = self.get_groups()
for group in groups:
if pattern == 'all':
for host in group.get_hosts():
__append_host_to_results(host)
else:
if self._match(group.name, pattern) and group.name not in ('all', 'ungrouped'):
for host in group.get_hosts():
__append_host_to_results(host)
else:
matching_hosts = self._match_list(group.get_hosts(), 'name', pattern)
for host in matching_hosts:
__append_host_to_results(host)
if pattern in ["localhost", "127.0.0.1", "::1"] and len(results) == 0:
new_host = self._create_implicit_localhost(pattern)
results.append(new_host)
return results
def clear_pattern_cache(self):
''' called exclusively by the add_host plugin to allow patterns to be recalculated '''
self._pattern_cache = {}
def groups_for_host(self, host):
if host in self._hosts_cache:
return self._hosts_cache[host].get_groups()
else:
return []
def groups_list(self):
if not self._groups_list:
groups = {}
for g in self.groups:
groups[g.name] = [h.name for h in g.get_hosts()]
ancestors = g.get_ancestors()
for a in ancestors:
if a.name not in groups:
groups[a.name] = [h.name for h in a.get_hosts()]
self._groups_list = groups
return self._groups_list
def get_groups(self):
return self.groups
def get_host(self, hostname):
if hostname not in self._hosts_cache:
self._hosts_cache[hostname] = self._get_host(hostname)
return self._hosts_cache[hostname]
def _get_host(self, hostname):
if hostname in ['localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1']:
for host in self.get_group('all').get_hosts():
if host.name in ['localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1']:
return host
return self._create_implicit_localhost(hostname)
else:
for group in self.groups:
for host in group.get_hosts():
if hostname == host.name:
return host
return None
def get_group(self, groupname):
for group in self.groups:
if group.name == groupname:
return group
return None
def get_group_variables(self, groupname, update_cached=False, vault_password=None):
if groupname not in self._vars_per_group or update_cached:
self._vars_per_group[groupname] = self._get_group_variables(groupname, vault_password=vault_password)
return self._vars_per_group[groupname]
def _get_group_variables(self, groupname, vault_password=None):
group = self.get_group(groupname)
if group is None:
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raise Exception("group not found: %s" % groupname)
vars = {}
# plugin.get_group_vars retrieves just vars for specific group
vars_results = [ plugin.get_group_vars(group, vault_password=vault_password) for plugin in self._vars_plugins if hasattr(plugin, 'get_group_vars')]
for updated in vars_results:
if updated is not None:
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# FIXME: combine_vars
vars = combine_vars(vars, updated)
# Read group_vars/ files
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# FIXME: combine_vars
vars = combine_vars(vars, self.get_group_vars(group))
return vars
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def get_vars(self, hostname, update_cached=False, vault_password=None):
host = self.get_host(hostname)
if not host:
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raise Exception("host not found: %s" % hostname)
return host.get_vars()
def get_host_variables(self, hostname, update_cached=False, vault_password=None):
if hostname not in self._vars_per_host or update_cached:
self._vars_per_host[hostname] = self._get_host_variables(hostname, vault_password=vault_password)
return self._vars_per_host[hostname]
def _get_host_variables(self, hostname, vault_password=None):
host = self.get_host(hostname)
if host is None:
raise errors.AnsibleError("host not found: %s" % hostname)
vars = {}
# plugin.run retrieves all vars (also from groups) for host
vars_results = [ plugin.run(host, vault_password=vault_password) for plugin in self._vars_plugins if hasattr(plugin, 'run')]
for updated in vars_results:
if updated is not None:
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# FIXME: combine_vars
vars = combine_vars(vars, updated)
# plugin.get_host_vars retrieves just vars for specific host
vars_results = [ plugin.get_host_vars(host, vault_password=vault_password) for plugin in self._vars_plugins if hasattr(plugin, 'get_host_vars')]
for updated in vars_results:
if updated is not None:
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# FIXME: combine_vars
vars = combine_vars(vars, updated)
# still need to check InventoryParser per host vars
# which actually means InventoryScript per host,
# which is not performant
if self.parser is not None:
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# FIXME: combine_vars
vars = combine_vars(vars, self.parser.get_host_variables(host))
# Read host_vars/ files
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# FIXME: combine_vars
vars = combine_vars(vars, self.get_host_vars(host))
return vars
def add_group(self, group):
if group.name not in self.groups_list():
self.groups.append(group)
self._groups_list = None # invalidate internal cache
else:
raise errors.AnsibleError("group already in inventory: %s" % group.name)
def list_hosts(self, pattern="all"):
""" return a list of hostnames for a pattern """
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result = [ h for h in self.get_hosts(pattern) ]
if len(result) == 0 and pattern in ["localhost", "127.0.0.1", "::1"]:
result = [pattern]
return result
def list_groups(self):
return sorted([ g.name for g in self.groups ], key=lambda x: x)
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def restrict_to_hosts(self, restriction):
"""
Restrict list operations to the hosts given in restriction. This is used
to exclude failed hosts in main playbook code, don't use this for other
reasons.
"""
if not isinstance(restriction, list):
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restriction = [ restriction ]
self._restriction = restriction
def also_restrict_to(self, restriction):
"""
Works like restict_to but offers an additional restriction. Playbooks use this
to implement serial behavior.
"""
if not isinstance(restriction, list):
restriction = [ restriction ]
self._also_restriction = restriction
def subset(self, subset_pattern):
"""
Limits inventory results to a subset of inventory that matches a given
pattern, such as to select a given geographic of numeric slice amongst
a previous 'hosts' selection that only select roles, or vice versa.
Corresponds to --limit parameter to ansible-playbook
"""
if subset_pattern is None:
self._subset = None
else:
subset_pattern = subset_pattern.replace(',',':')
subset_pattern = subset_pattern.replace(";",":").split(":")
results = []
# allow Unix style @filename data
for x in subset_pattern:
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if x.startswith("@"):
fd = open(x[1:])
results.extend(fd.read().split("\n"))
fd.close()
else:
results.append(x)
self._subset = results
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def remove_restriction(self):
""" Do not restrict list operations """
self._restriction = None
def lift_also_restriction(self):
""" Clears the also restriction """
self._also_restriction = None
def is_file(self):
""" did inventory come from a file? """
if not isinstance(self.host_list, basestring):
return False
return os.path.exists(self.host_list)
def basedir(self):
""" if inventory came from a file, what's the directory? """
if not self.is_file():
return None
dname = os.path.dirname(self.host_list)
if dname is None or dname == '' or dname == '.':
cwd = os.getcwd()
return os.path.abspath(cwd)
return os.path.abspath(dname)
def src(self):
""" if inventory came from a file, what's the directory and file name? """
if not self.is_file():
return None
return self.host_list
def playbook_basedir(self):
""" returns the directory of the current playbook """
return self._playbook_basedir
def set_playbook_basedir(self, dir):
"""
sets the base directory of the playbook so inventory can use it as a
basedir for host_ and group_vars, and other things.
"""
# Only update things if dir is a different playbook basedir
if dir != self._playbook_basedir:
self._playbook_basedir = dir
# get group vars from group_vars/ files
for group in self.groups:
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# FIXME: combine_vars
group.vars = combine_vars(group.vars, self.get_group_vars(group, new_pb_basedir=True))
# get host vars from host_vars/ files
for host in self.get_hosts():
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# FIXME: combine_vars
host.vars = combine_vars(host.vars, self.get_host_vars(host, new_pb_basedir=True))
# invalidate cache
self._vars_per_host = {}
self._vars_per_group = {}
def get_host_vars(self, host, new_pb_basedir=False):
""" Read host_vars/ files """
return self._get_hostgroup_vars(host=host, group=None, new_pb_basedir=new_pb_basedir)
def get_group_vars(self, group, new_pb_basedir=False):
""" Read group_vars/ files """
return self._get_hostgroup_vars(host=None, group=group, new_pb_basedir=new_pb_basedir)
def _get_hostgroup_vars(self, host=None, group=None, new_pb_basedir=False):
"""
Loads variables from group_vars/<groupname> and host_vars/<hostname> in directories parallel
to the inventory base directory or in the same directory as the playbook. Variables in the playbook
dir will win over the inventory dir if files are in both.
"""
results = {}
scan_pass = 0
_basedir = self.basedir()
# look in both the inventory base directory and the playbook base directory
# unless we do an update for a new playbook base dir
if not new_pb_basedir:
basedirs = [_basedir, self._playbook_basedir]
else:
basedirs = [self._playbook_basedir]
for basedir in basedirs:
# this can happen from particular API usages, particularly if not run
# from /usr/bin/ansible-playbook
if basedir is None:
continue
scan_pass = scan_pass + 1
# it's not an eror if the directory does not exist, keep moving
if not os.path.exists(basedir):
continue
# save work of second scan if the directories are the same
if _basedir == self._playbook_basedir and scan_pass != 1:
continue
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# FIXME: these should go to VariableManager
if group and host is None:
# load vars in dir/group_vars/name_of_group
base_path = os.path.join(basedir, "group_vars/%s" % group.name)
results = self._variable_manager.add_group_vars_file(base_path, self._loader)
elif host and group is None:
# same for hostvars in dir/host_vars/name_of_host
base_path = os.path.join(basedir, "host_vars/%s" % host.name)
results = self._variable_manager.add_host_vars_file(base_path, self._loader)
# all done, results is a dictionary of variables for this particular host.
return results