diff --git a/changelogs/fragments/71306-fix-exit-code-no-failure.yml b/changelogs/fragments/71306-fix-exit-code-no-failure.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..78d59b1900b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelogs/fragments/71306-fix-exit-code-no-failure.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+bugfixes:
+  - Fix an exit code for a non-failing playbook (https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/71306)
diff --git a/lib/ansible/executor/play_iterator.py b/lib/ansible/executor/play_iterator.py
index 1f2accadbe5..1a53f3e7016 100644
--- a/lib/ansible/executor/play_iterator.py
+++ b/lib/ansible/executor/play_iterator.py
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ class PlayIterator:
             else:
                 return not (state.did_rescue and state.fail_state & self.FAILED_ALWAYS == 0)
         elif state.run_state == self.ITERATING_TASKS and self._check_failed_state(state.tasks_child_state):
-            cur_block = self._blocks[state.cur_block]
+            cur_block = state._blocks[state.cur_block]
             if len(cur_block.rescue) > 0 and state.fail_state & self.FAILED_RESCUE == 0:
                 return False
             else:
diff --git a/test/integration/targets/blocks/issue71306.yml b/test/integration/targets/blocks/issue71306.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9762f6ee838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration/targets/blocks/issue71306.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+- hosts: all
+  gather_facts: no
+  tasks:
+    - block:
+      - block:
+        - block:
+          - name: EXPECTED FAILURE
+            fail:
+            when: ansible_host == "host1"
+
+          - debug:
+              msg: "I am successful!"
+            run_once: true
+        rescue:
+          - debug:
+              msg: "Attemp 1 failed!"
diff --git a/test/integration/targets/blocks/runme.sh b/test/integration/targets/blocks/runme.sh
index 038e5a64fdd..3fcdf202d80 100755
--- a/test/integration/targets/blocks/runme.sh
+++ b/test/integration/targets/blocks/runme.sh
@@ -84,3 +84,12 @@ cat rc_test.out
 [ "$(grep -c 'rescued=3' rc_test.out)" -eq 1 ]
 [ "$(grep -c 'failed=0' rc_test.out)" -eq 1 ]
 rm -f rc_test.out
+
+# https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/71306
+set +e
+exit_code=0
+ansible-playbook -i host1,host2 -vv issue71306.yml > rc_test.out || exit_code=$?
+set -e
+cat rc_test.out
+[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]
+rm -f rc_test_out