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ansible/contrib/inventory/gce.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2013 Google Inc.
#
# This file is part of Ansible
#
# Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Ansible. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
'''
GCE external inventory script
=================================
Generates inventory that Ansible can understand by making API requests
Google Compute Engine via the libcloud library. Full install/configuration
instructions for the gce* modules can be found in the comments of
ansible/test/gce_tests.py.
When run against a specific host, this script returns the following variables
based on the data obtained from the libcloud Node object:
- gce_uuid
- gce_id
- gce_image
- gce_machine_type
- gce_private_ip
- gce_public_ip
- gce_name
- gce_description
- gce_status
- gce_zone
- gce_tags
- gce_metadata
- gce_network
- gce_subnetwork
When run in --list mode, instances are grouped by the following categories:
- zone:
zone group name examples are us-central1-b, europe-west1-a, etc.
- instance tags:
An entry is created for each tag. For example, if you have two instances
with a common tag called 'foo', they will both be grouped together under
the 'tag_foo' name.
- network name:
the name of the network is appended to 'network_' (e.g. the 'default'
network will result in a group named 'network_default')
- machine type
types follow a pattern like n1-standard-4, g1-small, etc.
- running status:
group name prefixed with 'status_' (e.g. status_running, status_stopped,..)
- image:
when using an ephemeral/scratch disk, this will be set to the image name
used when creating the instance (e.g. debian-7-wheezy-v20130816). when
your instance was created with a root persistent disk it will be set to
'persistent_disk' since there is no current way to determine the image.
Examples:
Execute uname on all instances in the us-central1-a zone
$ ansible -i gce.py us-central1-a -m shell -a "/bin/uname -a"
Use the GCE inventory script to print out instance specific information
$ contrib/inventory/gce.py --host my_instance
Author: Eric Johnson <erjohnso@google.com>
Contributors: Matt Hite <mhite@hotmail.com>, Tom Melendez <supertom@google.com>,
John Roach <johnroach1985@gmail.com>
Version: 0.0.4
'''
try:
import pkg_resources
except ImportError:
# Use pkg_resources to find the correct versions of libraries and set
# sys.path appropriately when there are multiversion installs. We don't
# fail here as there is code that better expresses the errors where the
# library is used.
pass
USER_AGENT_PRODUCT = "Ansible-gce_inventory_plugin"
USER_AGENT_VERSION = "v2"
import sys
import os
import argparse
from time import time
if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
import configparser
else:
import ConfigParser as configparser
import logging
logging.getLogger('libcloud.common.google').addHandler(logging.NullHandler())
try:
import json
except ImportError:
import simplejson as json
try:
from libcloud.compute.types import Provider
from libcloud.compute.providers import get_driver
_ = Provider.GCE
except:
sys.exit("GCE inventory script requires libcloud >= 0.13")
class CloudInventoryCache(object):
def __init__(self, cache_name='ansible-cloud-cache', cache_path='/tmp',
cache_max_age=300):
cache_dir = os.path.expanduser(cache_path)
if not os.path.exists(cache_dir):
os.makedirs(cache_dir)
self.cache_path_cache = os.path.join(cache_dir, cache_name)
self.cache_max_age = cache_max_age
def is_valid(self, max_age=None):
''' Determines if the cache files have expired, or if it is still valid '''
if max_age is None:
max_age = self.cache_max_age
if os.path.isfile(self.cache_path_cache):
mod_time = os.path.getmtime(self.cache_path_cache)
current_time = time()
if (mod_time + max_age) > current_time:
return True
return False
def get_all_data_from_cache(self, filename=''):
''' Reads the JSON inventory from the cache file. Returns Python dictionary. '''
data = ''
if not filename:
filename = self.cache_path_cache
with open(filename, 'r') as cache:
data = cache.read()
return json.loads(data)
def write_to_cache(self, data, filename=''):
''' Writes data to file as JSON. Returns True. '''
if not filename:
filename = self.cache_path_cache
json_data = json.dumps(data)
with open(filename, 'w') as cache:
cache.write(json_data)
return True
class GceInventory(object):
def __init__(self):
# Cache object
self.cache = None
# dictionary containing inventory read from disk
self.inventory = {}
# Read settings and parse CLI arguments
self.parse_cli_args()
self.config = self.get_config()
self.drivers = self.get_gce_drivers()
self.ip_type = self.get_inventory_options()
if self.ip_type:
self.ip_type = self.ip_type.lower()
# Cache management
start_inventory_time = time()
cache_used = False
if self.args.refresh_cache or not self.cache.is_valid():
self.do_api_calls_update_cache()
else:
self.load_inventory_from_cache()
cache_used = True
self.inventory['_meta']['stats'] = {'use_cache': True}
self.inventory['_meta']['stats'] = {
'inventory_load_time': time() - start_inventory_time,
'cache_used': cache_used
}
# Just display data for specific host
if self.args.host:
print(self.json_format_dict(
self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][self.args.host],
pretty=self.args.pretty))
else:
# Otherwise, assume user wants all instances grouped
zones = self.parse_env_zones()
print(self.json_format_dict(self.inventory,
pretty=self.args.pretty))
sys.exit(0)
def get_config(self):
"""
Reads the settings from the gce.ini file.
Populates a SafeConfigParser object with defaults and
attempts to read an .ini-style configuration from the filename
specified in GCE_INI_PATH. If the environment variable is
not present, the filename defaults to gce.ini in the current
working directory.
"""
gce_ini_default_path = os.path.join(
os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "gce.ini")
gce_ini_path = os.environ.get('GCE_INI_PATH', gce_ini_default_path)
# Create a ConfigParser.
# This provides empty defaults to each key, so that environment
# variable configuration (as opposed to INI configuration) is able
# to work.
config = configparser.SafeConfigParser(defaults={
'gce_service_account_email_address': '',
'gce_service_account_pem_file_path': '',
'gce_project_id': '',
'gce_zone': '',
'libcloud_secrets': '',
'instance_tags': '',
'inventory_ip_type': '',
'cache_path': '~/.ansible/tmp',
'cache_max_age': '300'
})
if 'gce' not in config.sections():
config.add_section('gce')
if 'inventory' not in config.sections():
config.add_section('inventory')
if 'cache' not in config.sections():
config.add_section('cache')
config.read(gce_ini_path)
#########
# Section added for processing ini settings
#########
# Set the instance_states filter based on config file options
self.instance_states = []
if config.has_option('gce', 'instance_states'):
states = config.get('gce', 'instance_states')
# Ignore if instance_states is an empty string.
if states:
self.instance_states = states.split(',')
# Set the instance_tags filter, env var overrides config from file
# and cli param overrides all
if self.args.instance_tags:
self.instance_tags = self.args.instance_tags
else:
self.instance_tags = os.environ.get(
'GCE_INSTANCE_TAGS', config.get('gce', 'instance_tags'))
if self.instance_tags:
self.instance_tags = self.instance_tags.split(',')
# Caching
cache_path = config.get('cache', 'cache_path')
cache_max_age = config.getint('cache', 'cache_max_age')
# TOOD(supertom): support project-specific caches
cache_name = 'ansible-gce.cache'
self.cache = CloudInventoryCache(cache_path=cache_path,
cache_max_age=cache_max_age,
cache_name=cache_name)
return config
def get_inventory_options(self):
"""Determine inventory options. Environment variables always
take precedence over configuration files."""
ip_type = self.config.get('inventory', 'inventory_ip_type')
# If the appropriate environment variables are set, they override
# other configuration
ip_type = os.environ.get('INVENTORY_IP_TYPE', ip_type)
return ip_type
def get_gce_drivers(self):
"""Determine the GCE authorization settings and return a list of
libcloud drivers.
"""
# Attempt to get GCE params from a configuration file, if one
# exists.
secrets_path = self.config.get('gce', 'libcloud_secrets')
secrets_found = False
try:
import secrets
args = list(secrets.GCE_PARAMS)
kwargs = secrets.GCE_KEYWORD_PARAMS
secrets_found = True
except:
pass
if not secrets_found and secrets_path:
if not secrets_path.endswith('secrets.py'):
err = "Must specify libcloud secrets file as "
err += "/absolute/path/to/secrets.py"
sys.exit(err)
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(secrets_path))
try:
import secrets
args = list(getattr(secrets, 'GCE_PARAMS', []))
kwargs = getattr(secrets, 'GCE_KEYWORD_PARAMS', {})
secrets_found = True
except:
pass
if not secrets_found:
args = [
self.config.get('gce', 'gce_service_account_email_address'),
self.config.get('gce', 'gce_service_account_pem_file_path')
]
kwargs = {'project': self.config.get('gce', 'gce_project_id'),
'datacenter': self.config.get('gce', 'gce_zone')}
# If the appropriate environment variables are set, they override
# other configuration; process those into our args and kwargs.
args[0] = os.environ.get('GCE_EMAIL', args[0])
args[1] = os.environ.get('GCE_PEM_FILE_PATH', args[1])
args[1] = os.environ.get('GCE_CREDENTIALS_FILE_PATH', args[1])
kwargs['project'] = os.environ.get('GCE_PROJECT', kwargs['project'])
kwargs['datacenter'] = os.environ.get('GCE_ZONE', kwargs['datacenter'])
gce_drivers = []
projects = kwargs['project'].split(',')
for project in projects:
kwargs['project'] = project
gce = get_driver(Provider.GCE)(*args, **kwargs)
gce.connection.user_agent_append(
'%s/%s' % (USER_AGENT_PRODUCT, USER_AGENT_VERSION),
)
gce_drivers.append(gce)
return gce_drivers
def parse_env_zones(self):
'''returns a list of comma separated zones parsed from the GCE_ZONE environment variable.
If provided, this will be used to filter the results of the grouped_instances call'''
import csv
reader = csv.reader([os.environ.get('GCE_ZONE', "")], skipinitialspace=True)
zones = [r for r in reader]
return [z for z in zones[0]]
def parse_cli_args(self):
''' Command line argument processing '''
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='Produce an Ansible Inventory file based on GCE')
parser.add_argument('--list', action='store_true', default=True,
help='List instances (default: True)')
parser.add_argument('--host', action='store',
help='Get all information about an instance')
parser.add_argument('--instance-tags', action='store',
help='Only include instances with this tags, separated by comma')
parser.add_argument('--pretty', action='store_true', default=False,
help='Pretty format (default: False)')
parser.add_argument(
'--refresh-cache', action='store_true', default=False,
help='Force refresh of cache by making API requests (default: False - use cache files)')
self.args = parser.parse_args()
def node_to_dict(self, inst):
md = {}
if inst is None:
return {}
if 'items' in inst.extra['metadata']:
for entry in inst.extra['metadata']['items']:
md[entry['key']] = entry['value']
net = inst.extra['networkInterfaces'][0]['network'].split('/')[-1]
subnet = None
if 'subnetwork' in inst.extra['networkInterfaces'][0]:
subnet = inst.extra['networkInterfaces'][0]['subnetwork'].split('/')[-1]
# default to exernal IP unless user has specified they prefer internal
if self.ip_type == 'internal':
ssh_host = inst.private_ips[0]
else:
ssh_host = inst.public_ips[0] if len(inst.public_ips) >= 1 else inst.private_ips[0]
return {
'gce_uuid': inst.uuid,
'gce_id': inst.id,
'gce_image': inst.image,
'gce_machine_type': inst.size,
'gce_private_ip': inst.private_ips[0],
'gce_public_ip': inst.public_ips[0] if len(inst.public_ips) >= 1 else None,
'gce_name': inst.name,
'gce_description': inst.extra['description'],
'gce_status': inst.extra['status'],
'gce_zone': inst.extra['zone'].name,
'gce_tags': inst.extra['tags'],
'gce_metadata': md,
'gce_network': net,
'gce_subnetwork': subnet,
# Hosts don't have a public name, so we add an IP
'ansible_ssh_host': ssh_host
}
def load_inventory_from_cache(self):
''' Loads inventory from JSON on disk. '''
try:
self.inventory = self.cache.get_all_data_from_cache()
hosts = self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars']
except Exception as e:
print(
"Invalid inventory file %s. Please rebuild with -refresh-cache option."
% (self.cache.cache_path_cache))
raise
def do_api_calls_update_cache(self):
''' Do API calls and save data in cache. '''
zones = self.parse_env_zones()
data = self.group_instances(zones)
self.cache.write_to_cache(data)
self.inventory = data
def list_nodes(self):
all_nodes = []
params, more_results = {'maxResults': 500}, True
while more_results:
for driver in self.drivers:
driver.connection.gce_params = params
all_nodes.extend(driver.list_nodes())
more_results = 'pageToken' in params
return all_nodes
def group_instances(self, zones=None):
'''Group all instances'''
groups = {}
meta = {}
meta["hostvars"] = {}
for node in self.list_nodes():
# This check filters on the desired instance states defined in the
# config file with the instance_states config option.
#
# If the instance_states list is _empty_ then _ALL_ states are returned.
#
# If the instance_states list is _populated_ then check the current
# state against the instance_states list
if self.instance_states and not node.extra['status'] in self.instance_states:
continue
# This check filters on the desired instance tags defined in the
# config file with the instance_tags config option, env var GCE_INSTANCE_TAGS,
# or as the cli param --instance-tags.
#
# If the instance_tags list is _empty_ then _ALL_ instances are returned.
#
# If the instance_tags list is _populated_ then check the current
# instance tags against the instance_tags list. If the instance has
# at least one tag from the instance_tags list, it is returned.
if self.instance_tags and not set(self.instance_tags) & set(node.extra['tags']):
continue
name = node.name
meta["hostvars"][name] = self.node_to_dict(node)
zone = node.extra['zone'].name
# To avoid making multiple requests per zone
# we list all nodes and then filter the results
if zones and zone not in zones:
continue
if zone in groups:
groups[zone].append(name)
else:
groups[zone] = [name]
tags = node.extra['tags']
for t in tags:
if t.startswith('group-'):
tag = t[6:]
else:
tag = 'tag_%s' % t
if tag in groups:
groups[tag].append(name)
else:
groups[tag] = [name]
net = node.extra['networkInterfaces'][0]['network'].split('/')[-1]
net = 'network_%s' % net
if net in groups:
groups[net].append(name)
else:
groups[net] = [name]
machine_type = node.size
if machine_type in groups:
groups[machine_type].append(name)
else:
groups[machine_type] = [name]
image = node.image and node.image or 'persistent_disk'
if image in groups:
groups[image].append(name)
else:
groups[image] = [name]
status = node.extra['status']
stat = 'status_%s' % status.lower()
if stat in groups:
groups[stat].append(name)
else:
groups[stat] = [name]
for private_ip in node.private_ips:
groups[private_ip] = [name]
if len(node.public_ips) >= 1:
for public_ip in node.public_ips:
groups[public_ip] = [name]
groups["_meta"] = meta
return groups
def json_format_dict(self, data, pretty=False):
''' Converts a dict to a JSON object and dumps it as a formatted
string '''
if pretty:
return json.dumps(data, sort_keys=True, indent=2)
else:
return json.dumps(data)
# Run the script
if __name__ == '__main__':
GceInventory()
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