129 lines
4.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
129 lines
4.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
Using Vagrant and Ansible
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=========================
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.. _vagrant_intro:
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Introduction
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````````````
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Vagrant is a tool to manage virtual machine environments, and allows you to
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configure and use reproducible work environments on top of various
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virtualization and cloud platforms. It also has integration with Ansible as a
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provisioner for these virtual machines, and the two tools work together well.
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This guide will describe how to use Vagrant and Ansible together.
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If you're not familar with Vagrant, you should visit `the documentation
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<http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/>`_.
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This guide assumes that you already have Ansible installed and working.
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Running from a Git checkout is fine. Follow the :doc:`intro_installation`
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guide for more information.
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.. _vagrant_setup:
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Vagrant Setup
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`````````````
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The first step once you've installed Vagrant is to create a ``Vagrantfile``
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and customize it to suit your needs. This is covered in detail in the Vagrant
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documentation, but here is a quick example:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ mkdir vagrant-test
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$ cd vagrant-test
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$ vagrant init precise32 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise32.box
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This will create a file called Vagrantfile that you can edit to suit your
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needs. The default Vagrantfile has a lot of comments. Here is a simplified
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example that includes a section to use the Ansible provisioner:
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.. code-block:: ruby
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# Vagrantfile API/syntax version. Don't touch unless you know what you're doing!
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VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"
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Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
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config.vm.box = "precise32"
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config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise32.box"
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config.vm.network :public_network
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config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
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ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
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end
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end
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The Vagrantfile has a lot of options, but these are the most important ones.
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Notice the ``config.vm.provision`` section that refers to an Ansible playbook
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called ``playbook.yml`` in the same directory as the Vagrantfile. Vagrant runs
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the provisioner once the virtual machine has booted and is ready for SSH
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access.
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ vagrant up
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This will start the VM and run the provisioning playbook.
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There are a lot of Ansible options you can configure in your Vagrantfile. Some
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particularly useful options are ``ansible.extra_vars``, ``ansible.sudo`` and
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``ansible.sudo_user``, and ``ansible.host_key_checking`` which you can disable
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to avoid SSH connection problems to new virtual machines.
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Visit the `Ansible Provisioner documentation
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<http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/provisioning/ansible.html>`_ for more
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information.
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To re-run a playbook on an existing VM, just run:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ vagrant provision
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This will re-run the playbook.
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.. _running_ansible:
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Running Ansible Manually
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````````````````````````
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Sometimes you may want to run Ansible manually against the machines. This is
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pretty easy to do.
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Vagrant automatically creates an inventory file for each Vagrant machine in
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the same directory called ``vagrant_ansible_inventory_machinename``. It
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configures the inventory file according to the SSH tunnel that Vagrant
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automatically creates, and executes ``ansible-playbook`` with the correct
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username and SSH key options to allow access. A typical automatically-created
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inventory file may look something like this:
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.. code-block:: none
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# Generated by Vagrant
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machine ansible_ssh_host=127.0.0.1 ansible_ssh_port=2222
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If you want to run Ansible manually, you will want to make sure to pass
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``ansible`` or ``ansible-playbook`` commands the correct arguments for the
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username (usually ``vagrant``) and the SSH key (usually
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``~/.vagrant.d/insecure_private_key``), and the autogenerated inventory file.
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Here is an example:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ ansible-playbook -i vagrant_ansible_inventory_machinename --private-key=~/.vagrant.d/insecure_private_key -u vagrant playbook.yml
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.. seealso::
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`Vagrant Home <http://www.vagrantup.com/>`_
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The Vagrant homepage with downloads
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`Vagrant Documentation <http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/>`_
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Vagrant Documentation
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`Ansible Provisioner <http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/provisioning/ansible.html>`_
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The Vagrant documentation for the Ansible provisioner
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:doc:`playbooks`
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An introduction to playbooks
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