2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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Preparing
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=========
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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PowerShell releases use [Semantic Versioning][semver].
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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Until we hit 6.0, each sprint results in a bump to the build number,
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so `v6.0.0-alpha.7` goes to `v6.0.0-alpha.8`.
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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When a particular commit is chosen as a release,
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we create an [annotated tag][tag] that names the release,
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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and list the major changes since the previous release.
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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An annotated tag has a message (like a commit),
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and is *not* the same as a lightweight tag.
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Create one with `git tag -a v6.0.0-alpha.7`.
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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Our convention is to prepend the `v` to the semantic version.
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The summary (first line) of the annotated tag message should be the full release title,
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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e.g. 'v6.0.0-alpha.7 release of PowerShell'.
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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While creating a release, it is advised to make a new branch such that
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necessary documentation updates and hot fixes can be made,
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without having to include all changes made to master.
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This release branch can be reviewed by the normal PR process.
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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When the annotated tag is finalized, push it with `git push --tags`.
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GitHub will see the tag and present it as an option when creating a new [release][].
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Start the release, use the annotated tag's summary as the title,
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and save the release as a draft while you upload the binary packages.
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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Just as important as creating the release is updating the links on our readme,
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and the package names in the installation instructions.
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The AppVeyor build number should also be incremented.
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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When creating the packages, please ensure that the file path does not contain user names.
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That is, clone to `/PowerShell` on Unix, and `C:\PowerShell` for Windows.
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The debug symbols include the absolute path to the sources when built,
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so it should appear `/PowerShell/src/powershell/System.Management.Automation`,
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not `/home/username/src/PowerShell/...`.
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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[semver]: http://semver.org/
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[tag]: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging
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[release]: https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases/
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Building Packages
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=================
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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The `build.psm1` module contains a `Start-PSPackage` function to build packages.
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It **requires** that `Start-PSBuild -CrossGen` has been run.
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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Linux / OS X
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------------
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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The `Start-PSBuild` function delegates to `New-UnixPackage`.
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This function will automatically deduce the correct version from the most recent annotated tag (using `git describe`).
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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At this time, each package must be made on the corresponding platform.
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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The packages each have the .NET Core runtime-identifier appended to their filename.
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This is necessary to differentiate the Ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04 packages,
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which must be separate due to having different dependencies.
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2016-07-28 02:57:34 +02:00
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The `Start-PSBuild` function relies on the [Effing Package Management][fpm] project,
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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which makes building packages for any (non-Windows) platform a breeze.
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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Similarly, the PowerShell man-page is generated from the Markdown-like file
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[`assets/powershell.1.ronn`][man] using [Ronn][].
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The function `Start-PSBootstrap -Publish` will install both these tools.
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To modify any property of the packages, edit the `New-UnixPckage` function.
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Please also refer to the function for details on the package properties
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(such as the description, maintainer, vendor, URL,
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license, category, dependencies, and file layout).
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> Note that the only configuration on Linux and OS X is `Linux`,
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> which is release (i.e. not debug) configuration.
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### Side-By-Side Design
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To support side-by-side Unix packages, we use the following design:
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We will maintain a `powershell` package
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which owns the `/usr/bin/powershell` symlink,
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is the latest version, and is upgradeable.
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This is the only package named `powershell`
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and similarly is the only package owning any symlinks,
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executables, or man-pages named `powershell`.
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Until we have a package repository,
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this package will contain actual PowerShell bits
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(i.e. it is not a meta-package).
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These bits are installed to `/opt/microsoft/powershell/6.0.0-alpha.8/`,
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where the version will change with each update
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(and is the pre-release version).
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On OS X, the prefix is `/usr/local`,
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instead of `/opt/microsoft` because it is derived from BSD.
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> When we have access to package repositories where dependencies can be properly resolved,
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> this `powershell` package can become a meta-package which auto-installs the latest package,
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> and so only owns the symlink.
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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For explicitly versioned packages, say for PowerShell 6.0,
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we will maintain separate packages named in the form `powershell6.0`,
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which owns the binary `powershell6.0`, the symlink `powershell6.0`,
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the man-page `powershell6.0`,
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and is installed to `/opt/microsoft/powershell/6.0/`.
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Specifically this package owns nothing named `powershell`,
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as only the `powershell` package owns those files.
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This package is upgradeable, but should only be updated with hot-fixes.
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This is a necessary consequence of Unix package managers,
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as files among packages *cannot* conflict.
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From a user-experience perspective,
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if the user requires a specific version of PowerShell,
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they should not be required to use an absolute path,
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and instead should be given a binary with the version in the name.
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This pattern is followed by many other languages
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(Python being the most obvious example).
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This same pattern can be followed for versions 6.1, 7.0, etc.,
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and can be used for patch version (e.g. 6.0.1).
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Use `Start-PSPackage -Name powershell6.0` to generate
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the versioned `powershell6.0` package.
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Without `-Name` specified, the primary `powershell`
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package will instead be created.
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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[fpm]: https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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[man]: ../../assets/powershell.1.ronn
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[ronn]: https://github.com/rtomayko/ronn
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2016-04-23 01:24:23 +02:00
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Windows
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-------
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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The `Start-PSBuild` function delegates to `New-MSIPackage` which creates a Windows Installer Package of PowerShell.
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The packages *must* be published in release mode, so use `Start-PSBuild -CrossGen -Configuration Release`.
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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It uses the Windows Installer XML Toolset (WiX) to generate a `PowerShell_<version>.msi`,
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which installs a self-contained copy of the current version (commit) of PowerShell.
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It copies the output of the published PowerShell application to a version-specific folder in Program Files,
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and installs a shortcut in the Start Menu.
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It can be uninstalled through Programs and Features.
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2016-05-28 01:33:49 +02:00
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2016-07-17 16:07:50 +02:00
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Note that PowerShell is always self-contained, thus using it does not require installing it.
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2016-08-11 23:42:37 +02:00
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The output of `Start-PSBuild` includes a `powershell.exe` executable which can simply be launched.
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