Add DSC demo. Bugfix Apache and SystemD demo. (#1814)

* Add DSC demo. Bugfix Apache and SystemD demo.

* DSC, Apache, SystemD demos, address comments

* Fix capitalization in apache-demo.ps1

demos/Apache/Apache/Apache.psm1

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #Region utility functions
+
+$global:sudocmd = "sudo"
+
 Function GetApacheCmd{
     if (Test-Path "/usr/sbin/apache2ctl"){
         $cmd = "/usr/sbin/apache2ctl"
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ Class ApacheVirtualHost{
         }
 
         #Full specification
-        ApacheVirtualHost([string]$ServerName, [string]$DocumentRoot, [string[]]$ServerAliases, [string]$ServerAdmin,[string]$CustomLogPath,[string]$ErrorLogPath,[string]$VirtualHostIPAddress,[int]$VirtualHostPort,[string]$ConfigurationFile){
+        ApacheVirtualHost([string]$ServerName, [string]$DocumentRoot, [string[]]$ServerAliases, [string]$ServerAdmin, [string]$CustomLogPath, [string]$ErrorLogPath, [string]$VirtualHostIPAddress, [int]$VirtualHostPort, [string]$ConfigurationFile){
             $this.ServerName = $ServerName
             $this.DocumentRoot = $DocumentRoot
             $this.ServerAliases = $ServerAliases
@@ -69,14 +72,12 @@ Class ApacheVirtualHost{
             $this.ConfigurationFile = $ConfigurationFile
         }
 
-
-
         #Default Port and IP
         #endregion
 
         #region class methods
         Save($ConfigurationFile){
-            if (!(Test-Path $this.DocumentRoot)){ New-Item -type Directory $this.DocumentRoot }
+            if (!(Test-Path $this.DocumentRoot)){ New-Item -Type Directory $this.DocumentRoot }
 
             $VHostsDirectory = GetApacheVHostDir
             if (!(Test-Path $VHostsDirectory)){
@@ -98,7 +99,8 @@ Class ApacheVirtualHost{
             if ($this.ErrorLogPath -like "*/*"){$vHostDef += "ErrorLog " + $this.ErrorLogpath +"`n"}
             $vHostDef += "</VirtualHost>"
             $filName = $ConfigurationFile
-            $VhostDef |out-file "${VHostsDirectory}/${filName}" -Force -Encoding:ascii
+            $VhostDef | Out-File "/tmp/${filName}" -Force -Encoding:ascii
+            & $global:sudocmd "mv" "/tmp/${filName}" "${VhostsDirectory}/${filName}" 
             Write-Information "Restarting Apache HTTP Server"
             Restart-ApacheHTTPServer
         }
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ Class ApacheVirtualHost{
 
 Function New-ApacheVHost {
     [CmdletBinding()]
-    param (
+    param(
         [parameter (Mandatory = $true)][string]$ServerName,
         [parameter (Mandatory = $true)][string]$DocumentRoot,
         [string]$VirtualHostIPAddress,
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ Function Get-ApacheVHost{
     $cmd = GetApacheCmd
 
     $Vhosts = @()
-    $res = & $cmd -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
+    $res = & $global:sudocmd $cmd -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
 
     ForEach ($line in $res){
         $ServerName = $null
@@ -207,9 +209,9 @@ Function Restart-ApacheHTTPServer{
     if ($Graceful -eq $null){$Graceful = $fase}
     $cmd = GetApacheCmd
         if ($Graceful){
-                & $cmd  -k graceful
+                & $global:sudocmd $cmd  -k graceful
         }else{
-                & $cmd  -k restart
+                & $global:sudocmd $cmd  -k restart
         }
 
 }
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ Function Get-ApacheModule{
 
         $ApacheModules = @()
 
-        $Results = & $cmd -M |grep -v Loaded
+        $Results = & $global:sudocmd $cmd -M |grep -v Loaded
 
         Foreach ($mod in $Results){
         $modInst = [ApacheModule]::new($mod.trim())

demos/Apache/apache-demo.ps1

@@ -1,16 +1,30 @@
-ipmo Apache
+Import-Module $PSScriptRoot/Apache/Apache.psm1
 
 #list Apache Modules
-Get-ApacheModules |Where {$_.Module -like "*proxy*"}|Sort-Object Module
+Write-Host -Foreground Blue "Get installed Apache Modules like *proxy* and Sort by name"
+Get-ApacheModule |Where {$_.ModuleName -like "*proxy*"}|Sort-Object ModuleName | Out-Host
 
 #Graceful restart of Apache
-Restart-ApacheHTTPServer -graceful
+Write-host -Foreground Blue "Restart Apache Server gracefully"
+Restart-ApacheHTTPServer -Graceful | Out-Host
 
 #Enumerate current virtual hosts (web sites)
-Get-ApacheVHost
+Write-Host -Foreground Blue "Enumerate configured Apache Virtual Hosts"
+Get-ApacheVHost |out-host
 
 #Add a new virtual host
-New-ApacheVHost -ServerName "mytestserver" -DocumentRoot /var/www/html/mystestserver -VirtualHostIPAddress * -VirtualHostPort 8090
+Write-Host -Foreground Yellow "Create a new Apache Virtual Host"
+New-ApacheVHost -ServerName "mytestserver" -DocumentRoot /var/www/html/mystestserver -VirtualHostIPAddress * -VirtualHostPort 8090 | Out-Host
 
 #Enumerate new set of virtual hosts
-Get-ApacheVHost
+Write-Host -Foreground Blue "Enumerate Apache Virtual Hosts Again"
+Get-ApacheVHost |out-host
+
+#Cleanup
+Write-Host -Foreground Blue "Remove demo virtual host"
+if (Test-Path "/etc/httpd/conf.d"){
+    & sudo rm "/etc/httpd/conf.d/mytestserver.conf"
+}
+if (Test-Path "/etc/apache2/sites-enabled"){
+    & sudo rm "/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mytestserver.conf"
+}

demos/Apache/readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+## Apache Management Demo
+
+This demo shows management of Apache HTTP Server with PowerShell cmdlets implemented in a script module.
+
+- **Get-ApacheVHost**: Enumerate configured Apache Virtual Host (website) instances as objects.
+- **Get-ApacheModule**: Enumerate loaded Apache modules
+- **Restart-ApacheHTTPserver**: Restart the Apache web server
+- **New-ApacheVHost**: Create a new Apache Virtual Host (website) based on supplied parameters
+
+
+## Prerequisites ##
+- Install PowerShell
+- Install Apache packages
+	- `sudo apt-get install apache2`
+	- `sudo yum install httpd`
+
+
+Note: Management of Apache requires privileges. The user must have authorization to elevate with sudo. You will be prompted for a sudo password when running the demo.

demos/DSC/dsc-demo.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+
+#Get Distro type and set distro-specific variables
+$OSname = Get-Content "/etc/os-release" |Select-String -Pattern "^Name=" 
+$OSName = $OSName.tostring().split("=")[1].Replace('"','')
+if ($OSName -like "Ubuntu*"){
+    $distro = "Ubuntu"
+    $ApachePackages = @("apache2","php5","libapache2-mod-php5")
+    $ServiceName = "apache2"
+    $VHostDir = "/etc/apache2/sites-enabled"
+    $PackageManager = "apt"
+}elseif (($OSName -like "CentOS*") -or ($OSName -like "Red Hat*") -or ($OSname -like "Oracle*")){
+    $distro = "Fedora"
+    $ApachePackages = @("httpd","mod_ssl","php","php-mysql")
+    $ServiceName = "httpd"
+    $VHostDir = "/etc/httpd/conf.d"
+    $PackageManager = "yum"
+}else{
+    Write-Error "Unknown Linux operating system. Cannot continue."
+}
+
+#Get Service Controller
+if ((Test-Path "/bin/systemctl") -or (Test-Path "/usr/bin/systemctl")){
+    $ServiceCtl = "SystemD"
+}else{
+    $ServiceCtl = "init"
+}
+
+#Get FQDN
+$hostname = & hostname --fqdn
+
+Write-Host -ForegroundColor Blue "Compile a DSC MOF for the Apache Server configuration"
+Configuration ApacheServer{
+    Node localhost{
+
+        ForEach ($Package in $ApachePackages){
+            nxPackage $Package{
+                Ensure = "Present"
+                Name = $Package
+                PackageManager = $PackageManager
+            }
+        }
+
+        nxFile vHostDirectory{
+            DestinationPath = $VhostDir
+            Type = "Directory"
+            Ensure = "Present"
+            Owner = "root"
+            Mode = "744"
+        }
+
+        #Ensure default content does not exist
+        nxFile DefVHost{
+            DestinationPath = "${VhostDir}/000-default.conf"
+            Ensure = "Absent"
+        }
+
+        nxFile Welcome.conf{
+            DestinationPath = "${VhostDir}/welcome.conf"
+            Ensure = "Absent"            
+        }
+
+        nxFile UserDir.conf{
+            DestinationPath = "${VhostDir}/userdir.conf"
+            Ensure = "Absent"            
+        }
+
+        #Ensure website is defined
+        nxFile DefaultSiteDir{
+            DestinationPath = "/var/www/html/defaultsite"
+            Type = "Directory"
+            Owner = "root"
+            Mode = "744"
+            Ensure = "Present"
+        }
+
+        nxFile DefaultSite.conf{
+            Destinationpath = "${VhostDir}/defaultsite.conf"
+            Owner = "root"
+            Mode = "744"
+            Ensure = "Present"
+            Contents = @"
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+DocumentRoot /var/www/html/defaultsite
+ServerName $hostname
+</VirtualHost>
+
+"@
+            DependsOn = "[nxFile]DefaultSiteDir"
+        }
+
+        nxFile TestPhp{
+            DestinationPath = "/var/www/html/defaultsite/test.php"
+            Ensure = "Present"
+            Owner = "root"
+            Mode = "744"
+            Contents = @'
+<?php phpinfo(); ?>
+
+'@
+        }
+
+        #Configure Apache Service
+        nxService ApacheService{
+            Name = "$ServiceName"
+            Enabled = $true
+            State = "running"
+            Controller = $ServiceCtl
+            DependsOn = "[nxFile]DefaultSite.conf"
+        }
+    
+    } 
+}
+
+ApacheServer -OutputPath "/tmp"
+
+Pause
+Write-Host -ForegroundColor Blue "Apply the configuration locally"
+& sudo /opt/microsoft/dsc/Scripts/StartDscConfiguration.py -configurationmof /tmp/localhost.mof | Out-Host
+
+Pause
+Write-Host -ForegroundColor Blue "Get the current configuration"
+& sudo /opt/microsoft/dsc/Scripts/GetDscConfiguration.py | Out-Host

demos/DSC/readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+## DSC MOF Compilation Demo
+
+[PowerShell Desired State Configuration](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/PowerShell/dsc/overview) is a declarative configuration platform for Windows and Linux. DSC configurations can be authored in PowerShell and compiled into the resultant MOF document. 
+
+This demo shows use of PowerShell to author a DSC configuration to set the configuration of an Apache web server. PowerShell scripting is used to assess distro and version-specific properties, such as the service controller and repo manager tools, for use in the configuration. 
+
+## Prerequisites ##
+- PowerShell >= 6.0.0-alpha.8 [https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases](https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases)
+- OMI: >= 1.1.0  [https://www.github.com/microsoft/omi/releases](https://www.github.com/microsoft/omi/releases)
+- Desired State Configuration for Linux >= 1.1.1-278 [https://github.com/Microsoft/PowerShell-DSC-for-Linux/releases](https://github.com/Microsoft/PowerShell-DSC-for-Linux/releases)
+
+Note: applying the DSC configuration requires privileges. The user must have sudo authorization capabilities. You will be prompted for a sudo password when running the demo. 

demos/SystemD/SystemD/SystemD.psm1

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ Function Get-SystemDJournal {
     param (
         [Alias("args")][string]$journalctlParameters
        )
+        $sudocmd = "sudo"
         $cmd = "journalctl"
-        $Result = & $cmd $journalctlParameters -o json --no-pager
+        $Result = & $sudocmd $cmd $journalctlParameters -o json --no-pager
         Try
         {
                   $JSONResult = $Result|ConvertFrom-JSON

demos/SystemD/journalctl-demo.ps1

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+Import-Module $PSScriptRoot/SystemD/SystemD.psm1
 
 #list recent journal events
-Get-SystemDJournal -args "-xe"
+Write-host -Foreground Blue "Get recent SystemD journal messages"
+Get-SystemDJournal -args "-xe" |Out-Host
 
 #Drill into SystemD unit messages
-Get-SystemDJournal -args "-xe" |where {$_._SYSTEMD_UNIT -like "*.service"} |ft _SYSTEMD_UNIT, MESSAGE |select-object -first 10
+Write-host -Foreground Blue "Get recent SystemD jounal messages for services and return Unit, Message"
+Get-SystemDJournal -args "-xe" | Where {$_._SYSTEMD_UNIT -like "*.service"} | Format-Table _SYSTEMD_UNIT, MESSAGE | Select-Object -first 10 | Out-Host

demos/SystemD/readme.md

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
-#Journalctl (JSON parsing) demo
-Requires:
--SystemD-based system (RHEL/CentOS 7, Ubuntu 16.04)
--Privileges (launch powershell with sudo)
+## SystemD: journalctl demo
+
+This demo shows use of a PowerShell script module to wrap a native tool (journalctl) so that the output is structured for filtering and presentation control. `journalctl` is expressed as a cmdlet: Get-SystemDJournal, and the JSON output of journalctl is converted to a PowerShell object. 
+
+## Prerequisites ##
+- Requires a SystemD-based operating system (Red Hat or CentOS 7, Ubuntu 16.04)
+- Install PowerShell
+
+
+Note: Accessing the SystemD journal requires privileges. The user must have authorization to elevate with sudo. You will be prompted for a sudo password when running the demo.