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Fixed typos in text and code and properly formatted code.
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Aleksandar Nikolic 2016-07-17 12:17:17 +02:00
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docs/learning-powerShell/powershell-beginners-guide.md
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
PowerShell Beginners Guide
PowerShell Beginner’s Guide
====
If you are new to PowerShell, this document will walk you through a few examples to give you some basic ideas of PowerShell.
@ -20,17 +20,17 @@ In this section, you will learn how to
- exit a PowerShell session
- and more
As mentioned above, PowerShell commands is designed to have Verb-Noun structure, for instance Get-Process, Set-Location, Clear-Host, etc.
As mentioned above, PowerShell commands are designed to have Verb-Noun structure, for instance Get-Process, Set-Location, Clear-Host, etc.
Let’s exercise some of the basic PowerShell commands, also known as **cmdlets**.
Please note that we will use the PowerShell prompt sign **PS />** as it appears on Linux in the following examples.
It is shown as **PS C:\\>** on Windows.
It is shown as **PS C:\>** on Windows.
**1. Get-Process**: displays the processes running on your system.
By default, you will get data back similar to the following:
``` PowerShell
PS />Get-Process
PS /> Get-Process
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
```
Want to get back more than one process?
Then just specify process names, separating with commas.
For example,
Then just specify process names and separate them with commas.
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Process -Name firefox, powershell
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
```
**2. Clear-Host**: Clears the display in the command window
**2. Clear-Host**: Clears the display in the host program.
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Process
PS /> Clear-Host
@ -71,9 +70,7 @@ PS /> Clear-Host
Type too much just for clearing the screen?
Here is how the alias can help.
**3. Get-Alias**: Improves the user experience by using the Cmdlet aliases
To find the available aliases, you can type below cmdlet:
**3. Get-Alias**: Gets the aliases for the current session.
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Alias
@ -97,12 +94,12 @@ Now try it:
PS /> Get-Process
PS /> cls
```
**4. cd - Set-Location**: change your current working directory
**4. cd - Set-Location**: Change your current working directory.
```PowerShell
PS /> Set-Location /home
PS /home>
```
**5. dir - Get-ChildItem**: list all items in the specified location
**5. dir - Get-ChildItem**: List all items in the specified location.
```PowerShell
Get all files under the current directory:
@ -113,7 +110,7 @@ Get all files under the current directory as well as its subdirectories:
PS /> cd $home
PS /home/jen> dir -Recurse
List all files with file extension "txt".
List all files with "txt" file extension.
PS /> cd $home
PS /home/jen> dir –Path *.txt -Recurse
@ -134,11 +131,11 @@ Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
-a---- 7/7/2016 7:17 PM 0 test.ps1
```
You can use the **-Value** parameter to add some data to your file.
For example, the following command adds the phrase "Write-Host 'Hello There'" as a file content to the test.ps1.
For example, the following command adds the phrase "Write-Host 'Hello there!'" as a file content to the test.ps1.
Because the test.ps1 file exists already, we use **-Force** parameter to replace the existing content.
```PowerShell
PS /home/jen> New-Item -Path ./test.ps1 -Value "Write-Host 'hello there'" -Force
PS /home/jen> New-Item -Path ./test.ps1 -Value "Write-Host 'Hello there!'" -Force
Directory: /home/jen
@ -152,35 +149,35 @@ There are other ways to add some data to a file.
For example, you can use Set-Content to set the file contents:
```PowerShell
PS /home/jen>Set-Content -Path ./test.ps1 -Value "Write-Host 'hello there again!'"
PS /home/jen>Set-Content -Path ./test.ps1 -Value "Write-Host 'Hello there again!'"
```
Or simply use ">" as below:
```
# create an empty file
"" > empty.txt
# set "hello world!!!" as content of text.txt file
# set "hello world!!!" as content of empty.txt file
"hello world!!!" > empty.txt
```
The pound sign (#) above is used for comments in PowerShell.
**7. type - Get-Content**: get the content of an item
**7. type - Get-Content**: Get the content of an item.
```PowerShell
PS /home/jen> Get-Content -Path ./test.ps1
PS /home/jen> type -Path ./test.ps1
"Write-Host 'hello there again!'"
Write-Host 'Hello there again!'
```
**8. del - Remove-Item**: delete a file or folder
**8. del - Remove-Item**: Delete a file or folder.
This cmdlet will delete the file /home/jen/test.ps1:
```PowerShell
PS /home/jen> Remove-Item ./test.ps1
```
**9. $PSVersionTable**: displays the version of PowerShell you are currently using
**9. $PSVersionTable**: Displays the version of PowerShell you are currently using.
Type **$PSVersionTable** in your PowerShell session, you will see something like below.
"PSVersion" indicates the PowerShell version that you are using.
@ -199,51 +196,52 @@ SerializationVersion 1.1.0.1
```
**10. Exit**: to exit the PowerShell session, type "exit"
**10. Exit**: To exit the PowerShell session, type "exit".
```PowerShell
PS /home/jen> exit
```
Need Help?
----
The most important command in PowerShell is possibly the Get-Help, which allows you to quickly learn PowerShell without having to surf around the Internet.
The most important command in PowerShell is possibly the Get-Help, which allows you to quickly learn PowerShell without having to search around the internet.
The Get-Help cmdlet also shows you how PowerShell commands work with examples.
PS />**Get-Help -Name Get-Process**
It shows the syntax and other technical information of the Get-Process cmdlet.
PS />**Get-Help -Name Get-Process -Examples**
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Help -Name Get-Process
```
It displays the examples how to use the Get-Process cmdlet.
If you use **-Full** parameter, i.e., "Get-Help -Name Get-Process -Full", it will display more technical information.
```PowerShell
PS />**Get-Help -Name Get-Process -Examples**
```
If you use **-Full** parameter, for example, `Get-Help -Name Get-Process -Full`, it will display more technical information.
Discover All Commands Available on Your System
Discover Commands Available on Your System
----
You want to discover what PowerShell cmdlets available on your system? Simple, just run "Get-Command" as below.
PS /> **Get-Command**
You want to discover what PowerShell cmdlets available on your system? Just run "Get-Command" as below:
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Command
```
If you want to know whether a particular cmdlet exists on your system, you can do something like below:
PS /> **Get-Command Get-Process**
If you want to know the syntax of Get-Process cmdlet, type
PS /> **Get-Command Get-Process -Syntax**
If you want to know how to use the Get-Process, type
PS /> **Get-Help Get-Process -Example**
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Command Get-Process
```
If you want to know the syntax of Get-Process cmdlet, type:
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Command Get-Process -Syntax
```
If you want to know how to use the Get-Process, type:
```PowerShell
PS /> Get-Help Get-Process -Example
```
PowerShell Pipeline '|'
----
Sometimes when you run Get-ChildItem or "dir", you want to get a list of files in a descending order.
Sometimes when you run Get-ChildItem or "dir", you want to get a list of files and folders in a descending order.
To achieve that, type:
```PowerShell
PS /home/jen> dir | sort -Descending
@ -266,7 +264,7 @@ How to Create and Run PowerShell scripts
- You can use ISE, VS Code or your favorite editor to create a PowerShell script and save the script with a .ps1 file extension (for example, helloworld.ps1)
- To run the script, cd to your current folder and type ./yourscript.ps1 (for example, ./helloworld.ps1).
Note: if you are using Windows, make sure you set the PowerShell's execution policy to "RemoteSigned" in this case.
Note: If you are using Windows, make sure you set the PowerShell's execution policy to "RemoteSigned" in this case.
See [Running PowerShell Scripts Is as Easy as 1-2-3] [run-ps] for more details.
[run-ps]:http://windowsitpro.com/powershell/running-powershell-scripts-easy-1-2-3