tests/cases/conformance/classes/members/inheritanceAndOverriding/derivedClassTransitivity4.ts(18,1): error TS2322: Type 'E' is not assignable to type 'C'. Types of property 'foo' are incompatible. Type '(x?: string) => void' is not assignable to type '(x: number) => void'. Types of parameters 'x' and 'x' are incompatible. Type 'string' is not assignable to type 'number'. tests/cases/conformance/classes/members/inheritanceAndOverriding/derivedClassTransitivity4.ts(19,9): error TS2445: Property 'foo' is protected and only accessible within class 'C' and its subclasses. ==== tests/cases/conformance/classes/members/inheritanceAndOverriding/derivedClassTransitivity4.ts (2 errors) ==== // subclassing is not transitive when you can remove required parameters and add optional parameters on protected members class C { protected foo(x: number) { } } class D extends C { protected foo() { } // ok to drop parameters } class E extends D { public foo(x?: string) { } // ok to add optional parameters } var c: C; var d: D; var e: E; c = e; ~ !!! error TS2322: Type 'E' is not assignable to type 'C'. !!! error TS2322: Types of property 'foo' are incompatible. !!! error TS2322: Type '(x?: string) => void' is not assignable to type '(x: number) => void'. !!! error TS2322: Types of parameters 'x' and 'x' are incompatible. !!! error TS2322: Type 'string' is not assignable to type 'number'. var r = c.foo(1); ~~~~~ !!! error TS2445: Property 'foo' is protected and only accessible within class 'C' and its subclasses. var r2 = e.foo('');