.. | ||
CHANGELOG.md | ||
doc.go | ||
entry.go | ||
entry_test.go | ||
exported.go | ||
formatter.go | ||
formatter_bench_test.go | ||
hook_test.go | ||
hooks.go | ||
json_formatter.go | ||
json_formatter_test.go | ||
LICENSE | ||
logger.go | ||
logrus.go | ||
logrus_test.go | ||
README.md | ||
terminal_bsd.go | ||
terminal_linux.go | ||
terminal_notwindows.go | ||
terminal_windows.go | ||
text_formatter.go | ||
text_formatter_test.go | ||
writer.go |
Logrus
![godoc reference](https://godoc.org/github.com/Sirupsen/logrus?status.png)
Logrus is a structured logger for Go (golang), completely API compatible with
the standard library logger. Godoc. Please note the Logrus API is not
yet stable (pre 1.0). Logrus itself is completely stable and has been used in
many large deployments. The core API is unlikely to change much but please
version control your Logrus to make sure you aren't fetching latest master
on
every build.
Nicely color-coded in development (when a TTY is attached, otherwise just plain text):
With log.Formatter = new(logrus.JSONFormatter)
, for easy parsing by logstash
or Splunk:
{"animal":"walrus","level":"info","msg":"A group of walrus emerges from the
ocean","size":10,"time":"2014-03-10 19:57:38.562264131 -0400 EDT"}
{"level":"warning","msg":"The group's number increased tremendously!",
"number":122,"omg":true,"time":"2014-03-10 19:57:38.562471297 -0400 EDT"}
{"animal":"walrus","level":"info","msg":"A giant walrus appears!",
"size":10,"time":"2014-03-10 19:57:38.562500591 -0400 EDT"}
{"animal":"walrus","level":"info","msg":"Tremendously sized cow enters the ocean.",
"size":9,"time":"2014-03-10 19:57:38.562527896 -0400 EDT"}
{"level":"fatal","msg":"The ice breaks!","number":100,"omg":true,
"time":"2014-03-10 19:57:38.562543128 -0400 EDT"}
With the default log.Formatter = new(&log.TextFormatter{})
when a TTY is not
attached, the output is compatible with the
logfmt format:
time="2015-03-26T01:27:38-04:00" level=debug msg="Started observing beach" animal=walrus number=8
time="2015-03-26T01:27:38-04:00" level=info msg="A group of walrus emerges from the ocean" animal=walrus size=10
time="2015-03-26T01:27:38-04:00" level=warning msg="The group's number increased tremendously!" number=122 omg=true
time="2015-03-26T01:27:38-04:00" level=debug msg="Temperature changes" temperature=-4
time="2015-03-26T01:27:38-04:00" level=panic msg="It's over 9000!" animal=orca size=9009
time="2015-03-26T01:27:38-04:00" level=fatal msg="The ice breaks!" err=&{0x2082280c0 map[animal:orca size:9009] 2015-03-26 01:27:38.441574009 -0400 EDT panic It's over 9000!} number=100 omg=true
exit status 1
Example
The simplest way to use Logrus is simply the package-level exported logger:
package main
import (
log "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
)
func main() {
log.WithFields(log.Fields{
"animal": "walrus",
}).Info("A walrus appears")
}
Note that it's completely api-compatible with the stdlib logger, so you can
replace your log
imports everywhere with log "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
and you'll now have the flexibility of Logrus. You can customize it all you
want:
package main
import (
"os"
log "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
"github.com/Sirupsen/logrus/hooks/airbrake"
)
func init() {
// Log as JSON instead of the default ASCII formatter.
log.SetFormatter(&log.JSONFormatter{})
// Use the Airbrake hook to report errors that have Error severity or above to
// an exception tracker. You can create custom hooks, see the Hooks section.
log.AddHook(airbrake.NewHook("https://example.com", "xyz", "development"))
// Output to stderr instead of stdout, could also be a file.
log.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
// Only log the warning severity or above.
log.SetLevel(log.WarnLevel)
}
func main() {
log.WithFields(log.Fields{
"animal": "walrus",
"size": 10,
}).Info("A group of walrus emerges from the ocean")
log.WithFields(log.Fields{
"omg": true,
"number": 122,
}).Warn("The group's number increased tremendously!")
log.WithFields(log.Fields{
"omg": true,
"number": 100,
}).Fatal("The ice breaks!")
// A common pattern is to re-use fields between logging statements by re-using
// the logrus.Entry returned from WithFields()
contextLogger := log.WithFields(log.Fields{
"common": "this is a common field",
"other": "I also should be logged always",
})
contextLogger.Info("I'll be logged with common and other field")
contextLogger.Info("Me too")
}
For more advanced usage such as logging to multiple locations from the same
application, you can also create an instance of the logrus
Logger:
package main
import (
"github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
)
// Create a new instance of the logger. You can have any number of instances.
var log = logrus.New()
func main() {
// The API for setting attributes is a little different than the package level
// exported logger. See Godoc.
log.Out = os.Stderr
log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
"animal": "walrus",
"size": 10,
}).Info("A group of walrus emerges from the ocean")
}
Fields
Logrus encourages careful, structured logging though logging fields instead of
long, unparseable error messages. For example, instead of: log.Fatalf("Failed to send event %s to topic %s with key %d")
, you should log the much more
discoverable:
log.WithFields(log.Fields{
"event": event,
"topic": topic,
"key": key,
}).Fatal("Failed to send event")
We've found this API forces you to think about logging in a way that produces
much more useful logging messages. We've been in countless situations where just
a single added field to a log statement that was already there would've saved us
hours. The WithFields
call is optional.
In general, with Logrus using any of the printf
-family functions should be
seen as a hint you should add a field, however, you can still use the
printf
-family functions with Logrus.
Hooks
You can add hooks for logging levels. For example to send errors to an exception
tracking service on Error
, Fatal
and Panic
, info to StatsD or log to
multiple places simultaneously, e.g. syslog.
Logrus comes with built-in hooks. Add those, or your custom hook, in
init
:
import (
log "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
"github.com/Sirupsen/logrus/hooks/airbrake"
logrus_syslog "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus/hooks/syslog"
"log/syslog"
)
func init() {
log.AddHook(airbrake.NewHook("https://example.com", "xyz", "development"))
hook, err := logrus_syslog.NewSyslogHook("udp", "localhost:514", syslog.LOG_INFO, "")
if err != nil {
log.Error("Unable to connect to local syslog daemon")
} else {
log.AddHook(hook)
}
}
Hook | Description |
---|---|
Airbrake | Send errors to an exception tracking service compatible with the Airbrake API. Uses airbrake-go behind the scenes. |
Papertrail | Send errors to the Papertrail hosted logging service via UDP. |
Syslog | Send errors to remote syslog server. Uses standard library log/syslog behind the scenes. |
BugSnag | Send errors to the Bugsnag exception tracking service. |
Sentry | Send errors to the Sentry error logging and aggregation service. |
Hiprus | Send errors to a channel in hipchat. |
Logrusly | Send logs to Loggly |
Slackrus | Hook for Slack chat. |
Journalhook | Hook for logging to systemd-journald |
Graylog | Hook for logging to Graylog |
Raygun | Hook for logging to Raygun.io |
LFShook | Hook for logging to the local filesystem |
Honeybadger | Hook for sending exceptions to Honeybadger |
Hook for sending exceptions via mail | |
Rollrus | Hook for sending errors to rollbar |
Fluentd | Hook for logging to fluentd |
Mongodb | Hook for logging to mongodb |
Level logging
Logrus has six logging levels: Debug, Info, Warning, Error, Fatal and Panic.
log.Debug("Useful debugging information.")
log.Info("Something noteworthy happened!")
log.Warn("You should probably take a look at this.")
log.Error("Something failed but I'm not quitting.")
// Calls os.Exit(1) after logging
log.Fatal("Bye.")
// Calls panic() after logging
log.Panic("I'm bailing.")
You can set the logging level on a Logger
, then it will only log entries with
that severity or anything above it:
// Will log anything that is info or above (warn, error, fatal, panic). Default.
log.SetLevel(log.InfoLevel)
It may be useful to set log.Level = logrus.DebugLevel
in a debug or verbose
environment if your application has that.
Entries
Besides the fields added with WithField
or WithFields
some fields are
automatically added to all logging events:
time
. The timestamp when the entry was created.msg
. The logging message passed to{Info,Warn,Error,Fatal,Panic}
after theAddFields
call. E.g.Failed to send event.
level
. The logging level. E.g.info
.
Environments
Logrus has no notion of environment.
If you wish for hooks and formatters to only be used in specific environments,
you should handle that yourself. For example, if your application has a global
variable Environment
, which is a string representation of the environment you
could do:
import (
log "github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
)
init() {
// do something here to set environment depending on an environment variable
// or command-line flag
if Environment == "production" {
log.SetFormatter(&log.JSONFormatter{})
} else {
// The TextFormatter is default, you don't actually have to do this.
log.SetFormatter(&log.TextFormatter{})
}
}
This configuration is how logrus
was intended to be used, but JSON in
production is mostly only useful if you do log aggregation with tools like
Splunk or Logstash.
Formatters
The built-in logging formatters are:
-
logrus.TextFormatter
. Logs the event in colors if stdout is a tty, otherwise without colors.- Note: to force colored output when there is no TTY, set the
ForceColors
field totrue
. To force no colored output even if there is a TTY set theDisableColors
field totrue
- Note: to force colored output when there is no TTY, set the
-
logrus.JSONFormatter
. Logs fields as JSON. -
logrus_logstash.LogstashFormatter
. Logs fields as Logstash Events (http://logstash.net).logrus.SetFormatter(&logrus_logstash.LogstashFormatter{Type: “application_name"})
Third party logging formatters:
zalgo
: invoking the P͉̫o̳̼̊w̖͈̰͎e̬͔̭͂r͚̼̹̲ ̫͓͉̳͈ō̠͕͖̚f̝͍̠ ͕̲̞͖͑Z̖̫̤̫ͪa͉̬͈̗l͖͎g̳̥o̰̥̅!̣͔̲̻͊̄ ̙̘̦̹̦.
You can define your formatter by implementing the Formatter
interface,
requiring a Format
method. Format
takes an *Entry
. entry.Data
is a
Fields
type (map[string]interface{}
) with all your fields as well as the
default ones (see Entries section above):
type MyJSONFormatter struct {
}
log.SetFormatter(new(MyJSONFormatter))
func (f *MyJSONFormatter) Format(entry *Entry) ([]byte, error) {
// Note this doesn't include Time, Level and Message which are available on
// the Entry. Consult `godoc` on information about those fields or read the
// source of the official loggers.
serialized, err := json.Marshal(entry.Data)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to marshal fields to JSON, %v", err)
}
return append(serialized, '\n'), nil
}
Logger as an io.Writer
Logrus can be transformed into an io.Writer
. That writer is the end of an io.Pipe
and it is your responsibility to close it.
w := logger.Writer()
defer w.Close()
srv := http.Server{
// create a stdlib log.Logger that writes to
// logrus.Logger.
ErrorLog: log.New(w, "", 0),
}
Each line written to that writer will be printed the usual way, using formatters
and hooks. The level for those entries is info
.
Rotation
Log rotation is not provided with Logrus. Log rotation should be done by an
external program (like logrotate(8)
) that can compress and delete old log
entries. It should not be a feature of the application-level logger.