Obstruct the user when they try to run WT under WOW (#1648)

* Obstruct the user when they try to run under WOW

* Move strings to resource file, add comments to methods, remove extraneous wil include.

* remove excess newline

* output of formatter.

src/cascadia/WindowsTerminal/WindowsTerminal.rc

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #if !defined(AFX_RESOURCE_DLL) || defined(AFX_TARG_ENU)
 LANGUAGE LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US
+#pragma code_page(1252)
 
 #ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -24,18 +25,18 @@ LANGUAGE LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US
 // TEXTINCLUDE
 //
 
-1 TEXTINCLUDE
+1 TEXTINCLUDE 
 BEGIN
     "resource.h\0"
 END
 
-2 TEXTINCLUDE
+2 TEXTINCLUDE 
 BEGIN
     "#include ""winres.h""\r\n"
     "\0"
 END
 
-3 TEXTINCLUDE
+3 TEXTINCLUDE 
 BEGIN
     "\r\n"
     "\0"
@@ -44,11 +45,36 @@ END
 #endif    // APSTUDIO_INVOKED
 
 
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Icon
+//
+
+// Icon with lowest ID value placed first to ensure application icon
+// remains consistent on all systems.
+IDI_APPICON             ICON                    "..\\..\\..\\res\\terminal.ico"
+
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // String Table
 //
 
+STRINGTABLE
+BEGIN
+    IDS_ERROR_DIALOG_TITLE  "Error"
+    IDS_ERROR_ARCHITECTURE_FORMAT 
+                            "Windows Terminal is designed to run on your system's native architecture (%s).\nYou are currently using the %s version.\n\nPlease use the version of Windows Terminal that matches your system's native architecture."
+    IDS_X86_ARCHITECTURE    "i386"
+END
+
+STRINGTABLE
+BEGIN
+    IDS_AMD64_ARCHITECTURE  "AMD64"
+    IDS_ARM64_ARCHITECTURE  "ARM64"
+    IDS_ARM_ARCHITECTURE    "ARM"
+    IDS_UNKNOWN_ARCHITECTURE "Unknown"
+END
 
 #endif    // English (United States) resources
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -65,4 +91,3 @@ END
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 #endif    // not APSTUDIO_INVOKED
 
-IDI_APPICON  ICON  "..\\..\\..\\res\\terminal.ico"

src/cascadia/WindowsTerminal/main.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "pch.h"
 #include "AppHost.h"
+#include "resource.h"
 
 using namespace winrt;
 using namespace Windows::UI;
@@ -10,8 +11,94 @@ using namespace Windows::UI::Composition;
 using namespace Windows::UI::Xaml::Hosting;
 using namespace Windows::Foundation::Numerics;
 
+// Routine Description:
+// - Retrieves the string resource from the current module with the given ID
+//   from the resources files. See resource.h and the .rc definitions for valid IDs.
+// Arguments:
+// - id - Resource ID
+// Return Value:
+// - String resource retrieved from that ID.
+static std::wstring GetStringResource(const UINT id)
+{
+    // Calling LoadStringW with a pointer-sized storage and no length will return a read-only pointer
+    // directly to the resource data instead of copying it immediately into a buffer.
+    LPWSTR readOnlyResource = nullptr;
+    const auto length = LoadStringW(wil::GetModuleInstanceHandle(),
+                                    id,
+                                    reinterpret_cast<LPWSTR>(&readOnlyResource),
+                                    0);
+
+    // However, the pointer and length given are NOT guaranteed to be zero-terminated
+    // and most uses of this data will probably want a zero-terminated string.
+    // So we're going to construct and return a std::wstring copy from the pointer/length
+    // since those are certainly zero-terminated.
+    return { readOnlyResource, gsl::narrow<size_t>(length) };
+}
+
+// Routine Description:
+// - Takes an image architecture and locates a string resource that maps to that architecture.
+// Arguments:
+// - imageArchitecture - An IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE architecture enum value
+//                     - See https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/sysinfo/image-file-machine-constants
+// Return Value:
+// - A string value representing the human-readable name of this architecture.
+static std::wstring ImageArchitectureToString(USHORT imageArchitecture)
+{
+    // clang-format off
+    const auto id = imageArchitecture == IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386 ? IDS_X86_ARCHITECTURE :
+                    imageArchitecture == IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64 ? IDS_AMD64_ARCHITECTURE :
+                    imageArchitecture == IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64 ? IDS_ARM64_ARCHITECTURE :
+                    imageArchitecture == IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM ? IDS_ARM_ARCHITECTURE :
+                    IDS_UNKNOWN_ARCHITECTURE;
+    // clang-format on
+
+    return GetStringResource(id);
+}
+
+// Routine Description:
+// - Blocks the user from launching the application with a message box dialog and early exit
+//   if the process architecture doesn't match the system platform native architecture.
+// - This is because the conhost.exe must match the condrv.sys on the system and the PTY
+//   infrastructure that powers everything won't work if we have a mismatch.
+// Arguments:
+// - <none>
+// Return Value:
+// - <none>
+static void EnsureNativeArchitecture()
+{
+    USHORT processMachine{};
+    USHORT nativeMachine{};
+    THROW_IF_WIN32_BOOL_FALSE(IsWow64Process2(GetCurrentProcess(), &processMachine, &nativeMachine));
+    if (processMachine != IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN && processMachine != nativeMachine)
+    {
+        const auto formatPattern = GetStringResource(IDS_ERROR_ARCHITECTURE_FORMAT);
+
+        const auto nativeArchitecture = ImageArchitectureToString(nativeMachine);
+        const auto processArchitecture = ImageArchitectureToString(processMachine);
+
+        const auto lengthRequired = _scwprintf(formatPattern.data(), nativeArchitecture.data(), processArchitecture.data());
+        const auto bufferSize = lengthRequired + 1;
+
+        std::wstring buffer;
+        buffer.resize(bufferSize);
+
+        swprintf_s(buffer.data(), buffer.size(), formatPattern.data(), nativeArchitecture.data(), processArchitecture.data());
+
+        MessageBoxW(nullptr,
+                    buffer.data(),
+                    GetStringResource(IDS_ERROR_DIALOG_TITLE).data(),
+                    MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
+        ExitProcess(0);
+    }
+}
+
 int __stdcall wWinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPWSTR, int)
 {
+    // Block the user from starting if they launched the incorrect architecture version of the project.
+    // This should only be applicable to developer versions. The package installation process
+    // should choose and install the correct one from the bundle.
+    EnsureNativeArchitecture();
+
     // Make sure to call this so we get WM_POINTER messages.
     EnableMouseInPointer(true);
 

src/cascadia/WindowsTerminal/pch.h

@@ -50,3 +50,4 @@ Abstract:
 #include <winrt/Windows.ui.xaml.media.h>
 
 #include <wil/resource.h>
+#include <wil/win32_helpers.h>

src/cascadia/WindowsTerminal/resource.h

@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
 //{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}
 // Microsoft Visual C++ generated include file.
-// Used by Cascadia.EXE.rc
+// Used by WindowsTerminal.rc
+//
+#define IDI_APPICON 101
+#define IDS_ERROR_DIALOG_TITLE 105
+#define IDS_ERROR_ARCHITECTURE_FORMAT 110
+#define IDS_X86_ARCHITECTURE 111
+#define IDS_AMD64_ARCHITECTURE 112
+#define IDS_ARM64_ARCHITECTURE 113
+#define IDS_ARM_ARCHITECTURE 114
+#define IDS_UNKNOWN_ARCHITECTURE 115
 
 // Next default values for new objects
 //
 #ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
 #ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
-#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE 103
+#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE 104
 #define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE 40001
 #define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE 1001
 #define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE 101
 #endif
 #endif
-
-#define IDI_APPICON 101