This commit adds a simple information popup about default terminals,
guiding first-time Windows 11 users into changing the default terminal.
## Validation Steps Performed
* Info bar pops up on Windows 11 ✔️
* Info bar can be dismissed persistently ✔️
WinUI/XAML requires the `SelectedItem` to be member of the list of
`ItemsSource`. `CascadiaSettings::DefaultTerminals()` is such an `ItemsSource`
and is called every time the launch settings page is visited.
It calls `DefaultTerminal::Available()` which in turn calls `Refresh()`.
While the `SelectedItem` was cached in `CascadiaSettings`, the value of
`DefaultTerminals()` wasn't. Thus every time the page was visited, it refreshed
the `ItemsSource` list without invalidating the current `SelectedItem`.
This commit prevents such accidental mishaps from occurring in the future,
by moving the responsibility of caching solely to the `CascadiaSettings` class.
## PR Checklist
* [x] Closes#11424
* [x] I work here
* [x] Tests added/passed
## Validation Steps Performed
* Navigating between SUI pages maintains the current dropdown selection ✔️
* Saving the settings saves the correct terminal at `HKCU:\Console\%%Startup` ✔️
Prevent crashes in Settings UI launch on OS versions before package management extensions
## PR Checklist
* [x] Closes#10106
* [x] I work here
* [x] Manual tests passed.
## Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments
- On older OS versions like 18363, some of the COM interfaces we use to look up information from the OS application package management catalog (to find default terminals) are unavailable. This returns `E_NOINTERFACE`. This then ends up returning an empty list of items and null as a selected item.
- I had intended for that to not return that particular error all the way up and just log it because the console and terminal lookup functions always return at least one element: the one representing the `conhost.exe` that is already on the machine.
- I have changed the "default packages" lookup to log instead of return failures like E_NOINTERFACE such that it can continue processing and make the "package" of the hardcoded `conhost.exe` default no matter what. (It will still return an error if there are somehow 0 packages because that code changed or some other catastrophic event happened...)
- I have also changed the Model to have a nulled DefaultTerminal model object (as all winrt objects are nullable) instead of using an optional. I did this because XAML is perfectly happy receiving a `nullptr` for a selected item and will just not select anything. By contrast, if it has an exception occur... it will just bubble that out and crash.
## Validation Steps Performed
- Simulated no items returned from list and nullptr returned to XAML on Current() method of Model. Validated XAML will happily select no item from list (and is fine with an empty list of items... that is it doesn't crash).
- Simulated downlevel OS returning package management errors in lookup catalog functions after the hardcoded default is added to the list. Ensured that this error is only logged, the remainder of the package identification functions make the hardcoded default package, and it is presented as your one and only option in the XAML.
Implement dropdown menu for choosing a default terminal application from inside the Windows Terminal Settings UI
## PR Checklist
* [x] Closes#9463
* [x] I work here.
* [x] Manual tests passed
* [x] https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/terminal/issues/314 (and cross reference #9462)
## Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments
- Adds dropdown menu and a template card for displaying the available default applications (using the same lookup code as the console property sheet `console.dll`)
- Adds model to TSM for adapting the data for display and binding on XAML
- Lookup occurs on every page reload. Persistence only happens on Save Changes.
- Manifest changed for Terminal to add capability to opt-out of registry redirection so we can edit this setting
## Validation Steps Performed
- [x] Flipped the menu and pressed Save Changes and launched cmd from run box... it moved between the two.
- [x] Flipped system theme from light to dark and ensured secondary color looked good
- [x] Flipped the status with a different mechanism (conhost propsheet) and then reopened settings page and confirmed it loaded the updated status
