Merge branch 'master' into dev/miniksa/bitmap

src/inc/til.h

@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@
 #include "til/at.h"
 #include "til/color.h"
 #include "til/some.h"
-#include "til/size.h"
 #include "til/point.h"
+#include "til/size.h"
 #include "til/rectangle.h"
 #include "til/u8u16convert.h"
 
+//#include "til/operators.h"
+
 namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
 {
 }

src/inc/til/bitmap.h

@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <vector>
+#include "size.h"
+
+#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
+class BitmapTests;
+#endif
+
+namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
+{
+    class const_bitterator // Bit Iterator. Bitterator.
+    {
+    public:
+        const_bitterator(const std::vector<bool>& values, size_t pos) :
+            _map(values),
+            _pos(pos)
+        {
+        }
+
+        const_bitterator operator+(const ptrdiff_t movement)
+        {
+            auto copy = *this;
+            copy += movement;
+            return copy;
+        }
+
+        const_bitterator operator-(const ptrdiff_t movement)
+        {
+            auto copy = *this;
+            copy -= movement;
+            return copy;
+        }
+
+        const_bitterator& operator++()
+        {
+            ++_pos;
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+        const_bitterator& operator--()
+        {
+            --_pos;
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+        const_bitterator& operator+=(const ptrdiff_t& movement)
+        {
+            _pos += movement;
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+        const_bitterator& operator-=(const ptrdiff_t& movement)
+        {
+            _pos -= movement;
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+        bool operator==(const const_bitterator& other) const
+        {
+            return _pos == other._pos && _map == other._map;
+        }
+
+        bool operator!=(const const_bitterator& other) const
+        {
+            return !(*this == other);
+        }
+
+        bool operator<(const const_bitterator& other) const
+        {
+            return _pos < other._pos;
+        }
+
+        bool operator>(const const_bitterator& other) const
+        {
+            return _pos > other._pos;
+        }
+
+        bool operator*() const
+        {
+            return _map[_pos];
+        }
+
+    private:
+        size_t _pos;
+        const std::vector<bool>& _map;
+    };
+
+    class const_runerator // Run Iterator. Runerator.
+    {
+    public:
+        const_runerator(const std::vector<bool>& values, til::size sz, size_t pos) :
+            _values(values),
+            _size(sz),
+            _pos(pos)
+        {
+            _calculateArea();
+        }
+
+        const_runerator& operator++()
+        {
+            _pos = _nextPos;
+            _calculateArea();
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+        bool operator==(const const_runerator& other) const
+        {
+            return _pos == other._pos && _values == other._values;
+        }
+
+        bool operator!=(const const_runerator& other) const
+        {
+            return !(*this == other);
+        }
+
+        bool operator<(const const_runerator& other) const
+        {
+            return _pos < other._pos;
+        }
+
+        bool operator>(const const_runerator& other) const
+        {
+            return _pos > other._pos;
+        }
+
+        til::rectangle operator*() const
+        {
+            return _run;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        const std::vector<bool>& _values;
+        const til::size _size;
+        size_t _pos;
+        size_t _nextPos;
+        til::rectangle _run;
+
+        til::point _indexToPoint(size_t index)
+        {
+            return til::point{ (ptrdiff_t)index % _size.width(), (ptrdiff_t)index / _size.width() };
+        }
+
+        void _calculateArea()
+        {
+            const size_t end = (size_t)_size.area();
+
+            _nextPos = _pos;
+
+            while (_nextPos < end && !_values.at(_nextPos))
+            {
+                ++_nextPos;
+            }
+
+            if (_nextPos < end)
+            {
+                // pos is now at the first on bit.
+                const auto runStart = _indexToPoint(_nextPos);
+                const size_t rowEndIndex = (size_t)((runStart.y() + 1) * _size.width());
+
+                ptrdiff_t runLength = 0;
+
+                do
+                {
+                    ++_nextPos;
+                    ++runLength;
+                } while (_nextPos < end && _nextPos < rowEndIndex && _values.at(_nextPos));
+
+                _run = til::rectangle{ runStart, til::size{ runLength, static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(1) } };
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _pos = _nextPos;
+                _run = til::rectangle{};
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    class bitmap
+    {
+    public:
+        using const_iterator = const const_bitterator;
+
+        bitmap() :
+            bitmap(0, 0)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bitmap(size_t width, size_t height) :
+            bitmap(til::size{ width, height })
+        {
+        }
+
+        bitmap(til::size sz) :
+            _size(sz),
+            _bits(sz.area(), true),
+            _empty(false)
+        {
+        }
+
+        const_iterator begin() const
+        {
+            return const_bitterator(_bits, 0);
+        }
+
+        const_iterator end() const
+        {
+            return const_bitterator(_bits, _size.area());
+        }
+
+        const_iterator begin_row(size_t row) const
+        {
+            return const_bitterator(_bits, row * _size.width());
+        }
+
+        const_iterator end_row(size_t row) const
+        {
+            return const_bitterator(_bits, (row + 1) * _size.width());
+        }
+
+        const_runerator begin_runs() const
+        {
+            return const_runerator(_bits, _size, 0);
+        }
+
+        const_runerator end_runs() const
+        {
+            return const_runerator(_bits, _size, _size.area());
+        }
+
+        void set(til::point pt)
+        {
+            _bits[pt.y() * _size.width() + pt.x()] = true;
+            _empty = false;
+        }
+
+        void reset(til::point pt)
+        {
+            _bits[pt.y() * _size.width() + pt.x()] = false;
+        }
+
+        void set(til::rectangle rc)
+        {
+            for (auto pt : rc)
+            {
+                set(pt);
+            }
+        }
+
+        void reset(til::rectangle rc)
+        {
+            for (auto pt : rc)
+            {
+                reset(pt);
+            }
+        }
+
+        void set_all()
+        {
+            // .clear() then .resize(_size(), true) throws an assert (unsupported operation)
+            // .assign(_size(), true) throws an assert (unsupported operation)
+
+            set(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 0, 0 }, _size });
+        }
+
+        void reset_all()
+        {
+            // .clear() then .resize(_size(), false) throws an assert (unsupported operation)
+            // .assign(_size(), false) throws an assert (unsupported operation)
+            reset(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 0, 0 }, _size });
+            _empty = true;
+        }
+
+        void resize(til::size size)
+        {
+            // Don't resize if it's not different as we mark the whole thing dirty on resize.
+            // TODO: marking it dirty might not be necessary or we should be smart about it
+            // (mark none of it dirty on resize down, mark just the edges on up?)
+            if (_size != size)
+            {
+                _size = size;
+                // .resize(_size(), true) throws an assert (unsupported operation)
+                _bits = std::vector<bool>(_size.area(), true);
+            }
+        }
+
+        void resize(size_t width, size_t height)
+        {
+            resize(til::size{ width, height });
+        }
+
+        constexpr bool empty() const
+        {
+            return _empty;
+        }
+
+        const til::size& size() const
+        {
+            return _size;
+        }
+
+        operator bool() const noexcept
+        {
+            return !_bits.empty();
+        }
+
+        bitmap operator+(const point& pt) const
+        {
+            auto temp = *this;
+            return temp += pt;
+        }
+
+        bitmap& operator+=(const point& pt)
+        {
+            // early return if nothing to do.
+            if (pt.x() == 0 && pt.y() == 0)
+            {
+                return (*this);
+            }
+
+            // If we're told to shift the whole thing by an entire width or height,
+            // the effect is to just clear the whole bitmap.
+            if (pt.x() >= _size.width() || pt.y() >= _size.height())
+            {
+                reset_all();
+                return (*this);
+            }
+
+            // TODO: any way to reconcile this with walk directions from scrolling apis?
+            // TODO: actually implement translation.
+
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
+        friend class ::BitmapTests;
+#endif
+
+    private:
+        bool _empty;
+        til::size _size;
+        std::vector<bool> _bits;
+    };
+}

src/inc/til/bitterator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
+class BitteratorTests;
+#endif
+
+namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
+{
+};

src/inc/til/operators.h

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "rectangle.h"
+#include "size.h"
+#include "bitmap.h"
+
+#define _TIL_INLINEPREFIX __declspec(noinline) inline
+
+namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
+{
+    // RECTANGLE VS SIZE
+    // ADD will grow the total area of the rectangle. The sign is the direction to grow.
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX rectangle operator+(const rectangle& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        // Fetch the pieces of the rectangle.
+        auto l = lhs.left();
+        auto r = lhs.right();
+        auto t = lhs.top();
+        auto b = lhs.bottom();
+
+        // Fetch the scale factors we're using.
+        const auto width = rhs.width();
+        const auto height = rhs.height();
+
+        // Since this is the add operation versus a size, the result
+        // should grow the total rectangle area.
+        // The sign determines which edge of the rectangle moves.
+        // We use the magnitude as how far to move.
+        if (width > 0)
+        {
+            // Adding the positive makes the rectangle "grow"
+            // because right stretches outward (to the right).
+            //
+            // Example with adding width 3...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    x------------|
+            // |         |    |            |
+            // |         |    |            |
+            // |---------|    |------------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckAdd(r, width).AssignIfValid(&r));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Adding the negative makes the rectangle "grow"
+            // because left stretches outward (to the left).
+            //
+            // Example with adding width -3...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    |--x---------|
+            // |         |    |            |
+            // |         |    |            |
+            // |---------|    |------------|
+            // BEFORE             AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckAdd(l, width).AssignIfValid(&l));
+        }
+
+        if (height > 0)
+        {
+            // Adding the positive makes the rectangle "grow"
+            // because bottom stretches outward (to the down).
+            //
+            // Example with adding height 2...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    x---------|
+            // |         |    |         |
+            // |         |    |         |
+            // |---------|    |         |
+            //                |         |
+            //                |---------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckAdd(b, height).AssignIfValid(&b));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Adding the negative makes the rectangle "grow"
+            // because top stretches outward (to the up).
+            //
+            // Example with adding height -2...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // |
+            // |              |---------|
+            // V              |         |
+            // x---------|    x         |
+            // |         |    |         |
+            // |         |    |         |
+            // |---------|    |---------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckAdd(t, height).AssignIfValid(&t));
+        }
+
+        return rectangle{ til::point{ l, t }, til::point{ r, b } };
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX rectangle& operator+=(rectangle& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        lhs = lhs + rhs;
+        return lhs;
+    }
+
+    // SUB will shrink the total area of the rectangle. The sign is the direction to shrink.
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX rectangle operator-(const rectangle& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        // Fetch the pieces of the rectangle.
+        auto l = lhs.left();
+        auto r = lhs.right();
+        auto t = lhs.top();
+        auto b = lhs.bottom();
+
+        // Fetch the scale factors we're using.
+        const auto width = rhs.width();
+        const auto height = rhs.height();
+
+        // Since this is the subtract operation versus a size, the result
+        // should shrink the total rectangle area.
+        // The sign determines which edge of the rectangle moves.
+        // We use the magnitude as how far to move.
+        if (width > 0)
+        {
+            // Subtracting the positive makes the rectangle "shrink"
+            // because right pulls inward (to the left).
+            //
+            // Example with subtracting width 3...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    x------|
+            // |         |    |      |
+            // |         |    |      |
+            // |---------|    |------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckSub(r, width).AssignIfValid(&r));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Subtracting the negative makes the rectangle "shrink"
+            // because left pulls inward (to the right).
+            //
+            // Example with subtracting width -3...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    x  |------|
+            // |         |       |      |
+            // |         |       |      |
+            // |---------|       |------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckSub(l, width).AssignIfValid(&l));
+        }
+
+        if (height > 0)
+        {
+            // Subtracting the positive makes the rectangle "shrink"
+            // because bottom pulls inward (to the up).
+            //
+            // Example with subtracting height 2...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    x---------|
+            // |         |    |---------|
+            // |         |
+            // |---------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckSub(b, height).AssignIfValid(&b));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Subtracting the positive makes the rectangle "shrink"
+            // because top pulls inward (to the down).
+            //
+            // Example with subtracting height -2...
+            // |-- x = origin
+            // V
+            // x---------|    x
+            // |         |
+            // |         |    |---------|
+            // |---------|    |---------|
+            // BEFORE         AFTER
+            THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !base::CheckSub(t, height).AssignIfValid(&t));
+        }
+
+        return rectangle{ til::point{ l, t }, til::point{ r, b } };
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX rectangle& operator-=(rectangle& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        lhs = lhs - rhs;
+        return lhs;
+    }
+
+    // MUL will scale the entire rectangle by the size L/R * WIDTH and T/B * HEIGHT.
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX rectangle operator*(const rectangle& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        ptrdiff_t l;
+        THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !(base::MakeCheckedNum(lhs.left()) * rhs.width()).AssignIfValid(&l));
+
+        ptrdiff_t t;
+        THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !(base::MakeCheckedNum(lhs.top()) * rhs.height()).AssignIfValid(&t));
+
+        ptrdiff_t r;
+        THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !(base::MakeCheckedNum(lhs.right()) * rhs.width()).AssignIfValid(&r));
+
+        ptrdiff_t b;
+        THROW_HR_IF(E_ABORT, !(base::MakeCheckedNum(lhs.bottom()) * rhs.height()).AssignIfValid(&b));
+
+        return til::rectangle{ l, t, r, b };
+    }
+
+    // POINT VS SIZE
+    // This is a convenience and will take X vs WIDTH and Y vs HEIGHT.
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX point operator+(const point& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs + til::point{ rhs.width(), rhs.height() };
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX point operator-(const point& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs - til::point{ rhs.width(), rhs.height() };
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX point operator*(const point& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs * til::point{ rhs.width(), rhs.height() };
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX point operator/(const point& lhs, const size& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs / til::point{ rhs.width(), rhs.height() };
+    }
+
+    // SIZE VS POINT
+    // This is a convenience and will take WIDTH vs X and HEIGHT vs Y.
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX size operator+(const size& lhs, const point& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs + til::size(rhs.x(), rhs.y());
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX size operator-(const size& lhs, const point& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs - til::size(rhs.x(), rhs.y());
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX size operator*(const size& lhs, const point& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs * til::size(rhs.x(), rhs.y());
+    }
+
+    _TIL_INLINEPREFIX size operator/(const size& lhs, const point& rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs / til::size(rhs.x(), rhs.y());
+    }
+}

src/inc/til/point.h

@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
         {
         }
 
-        // This template will convert to size from anything that has an X and a Y field that appear convertible to an integer value
+        // This template will convert to point from anything that has an X and a Y field that appear convertible to an integer value
         template<typename TOther>
         constexpr point(const TOther& other, std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<decltype(std::declval<TOther>().X)> && std::is_integral_v<decltype(std::declval<TOther>().Y)>, int> /*sentinel*/ = 0) :
             point(static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(other.X), static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(other.Y))
         {
         }
 
-        // This template will convert to size from anything that has a x and a y field that appear convertible to an integer value
+        // This template will convert to point from anything that has a x and a y field that appear convertible to an integer value
         template<typename TOther>
         constexpr point(const TOther& other, std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<decltype(std::declval<TOther>().x)> && std::is_integral_v<decltype(std::declval<TOther>().y)>, int> /*sentinel*/ = 0) :
             point(static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(other.x), static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(other.y))
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
             return !(*this == other);
         }
 
-        operator bool() const noexcept
+        constexpr operator bool() const noexcept
         {
             return _x != 0 || _y != 0;
         }

src/inc/til/rectangle.h

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include "size.h"
 #include "some.h"
 
+#include "recterator.h"
+
 #ifdef UNIT_TESTING
 class RectangleTests;
 #endif
@@ -16,6 +18,8 @@ namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
     class rectangle
     {
     public:
+        using const_iterator = recterator;
+
         constexpr rectangle() noexcept :
             rectangle(til::point{ 0, 0 }, til::point{ 0, 0 })
         {
@@ -98,6 +102,13 @@ namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
         {
         }
 
+        constexpr rectangle& operator=(const rectangle other) noexcept
+        {
+            _topLeft = other._topLeft;
+            _bottomRight = other._bottomRight;
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
         constexpr bool operator==(const rectangle& other) const noexcept
         {
             return _topLeft == other._topLeft &&
@@ -115,6 +126,16 @@ namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
                    _topLeft.y() < _bottomRight.y();
         }
 
+        const_iterator begin() const
+        {
+            return recterator(_topLeft, size());
+        }
+
+        const_iterator end() const
+        {
+            return recterator(_topLeft, size(), { _topLeft.x(), _topLeft.y() + height() });
+        }
+
         // OR = union
         constexpr rectangle operator|(const rectangle& other) const noexcept
         {

src/inc/til/recterator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "point.h"
+#include "size.h"
+
+#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
+class RecteratorTests;
+#endif
+
+namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
+{
+    class recterator
+    {
+    public:
+        recterator(point topLeft, size size) :
+            _topLeft(topLeft),
+            _size(size),
+            _current(topLeft)
+        {
+        }
+
+        recterator(point topLeft, size size, point start) :
+            _topLeft(topLeft),
+            _size(size),
+            _current(start)
+        {
+        }
+
+        recterator& operator++()
+        {
+            if (_current.x() + 1 >= _topLeft.x() + _size.width())
+            {
+                _current = { _topLeft.x(), _current.y() + 1 };
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _current = { _current.x() + 1, _current.y() };
+            }
+
+            return (*this);
+        }
+
+        bool operator==(const recterator& other) const
+        {
+            return _current == other._current &&
+                   _topLeft == other._topLeft &&
+                   _size == other._size;
+        }
+
+        bool operator!=(const recterator& other) const
+        {
+            return !(*this == other);
+        }
+
+        bool operator<(const recterator& other) const
+        {
+            return _current < other._current;
+        }
+
+        bool operator>(const recterator& other) const
+        {
+            return _current > other._current;
+        }
+
+        point operator*() const
+        {
+            return _current;
+        }
+
+    protected:
+        point _current;
+        const point _topLeft;
+        const size _size;
+
+#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
+        friend class ::RecteratorTests;
+#endif
+    };
+};
+
+#ifdef __WEX_COMMON_H__
+namespace WEX::TestExecution
+{
+    template<>
+    class VerifyOutputTraits<::til::recterator>
+    {
+    public:
+        static WEX::Common::NoThrowString ToString(const ::til::recterator& /*rect*/)
+        {
+            return WEX::Common::NoThrowString().Format(L"Yep that's a recterator.");
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<>
+    class VerifyCompareTraits<::til::recterator, ::til::recterator>
+    {
+    public:
+        static bool AreEqual(const ::til::recterator& expected, const ::til::recterator& actual) noexcept
+        {
+            return expected == actual;
+        }
+
+        static bool AreSame(const ::til::recterator& expected, const ::til::recterator& actual) noexcept
+        {
+            return &expected == &actual;
+        }
+
+        static bool IsLessThan(const ::til::recterator& expectedLess, const ::til::recterator& expectedGreater) = delete;
+
+        static bool IsGreaterThan(const ::til::recterator& expectedGreater, const ::til::recterator& expectedLess) = delete;
+
+        static bool IsNull(const ::til::recterator& object) noexcept = delete;
+    };
+
+};
+#endif

src/inc/til/size.h

@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@ namespace til // Terminal Implementation Library. Also: "Today I Learned"
             return !(*this == other);
         }
 
+        constexpr operator bool() const noexcept
+        {
+            return _width != 0 || _height != 0;
+        }
+
         size operator+(const size& other) const
         {
             ptrdiff_t width;

src/interactivity/onecore/BgfxEngine.cpp

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ BgfxEngine::BgfxEngine(PVOID SharedViewBase, LONG DisplayHeight, LONG DisplayWid
     return S_OK;
 }
 
-std::vector<SMALL_RECT> BgfxEngine::GetDirtyArea()
+std::vector<til::rectangle> BgfxEngine::GetDirtyArea()
 {
     SMALL_RECT r;
     r.Bottom = _displayHeight > 0 ? (SHORT)(_displayHeight - 1) : 0;

src/interactivity/onecore/BgfxEngine.hpp

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
 
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetProposedFont(const FontInfoDesired& fiFontInfoDesired, FontInfo& fiFontInfo, int const iDpi) noexcept override;
 
-        std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() override;
+        std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept override;
 

src/renderer/base/renderer.cpp

@@ -862,8 +862,10 @@ void Renderer::_PaintOverlay(IRenderEngine& engine,
         // Set it up in a Viewport helper structure and trim it the IME viewport to be within the full console viewport.
         Viewport viewConv = Viewport::FromInclusive(srCaView);
 
-        for (auto srDirty : engine.GetDirtyArea())
+        for (auto rect : engine.GetDirtyArea())
         {
+            SMALL_RECT srDirty = rect;
+
             // Dirty is an inclusive rectangle, but oddly enough the IME was an exclusive one, so correct it.
             srDirty.Bottom++;
             srDirty.Right++;

src/renderer/dx/DxRenderer.cpp

@@ -65,26 +65,27 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
 // TODO GH 2683: The default constructor should not throw.
 DxEngine::DxEngine() :
     RenderEngineBase(),
-    _isInvalidUsed{ false },
-    _invalidRect{ 0 },
+    _invalidMap{},
+    /*_isInvalidUsed{ false },
+    _invalidRect{ 0 },*/
     _invalidScroll{ 0 },
     _presentParams{ 0 },
     _presentReady{ false },
     _presentScroll{ 0 },
-    _presentDirty{ 0 },
+    /*_presentDirty{ 0 },*/
     _presentOffset{ 0 },
     _isEnabled{ false },
     _isPainting{ false },
-    _displaySizePixels{ 0 },
+    _displaySizePixels{},
     _foregroundColor{ 0 },
     _backgroundColor{ 0 },
     _selectionBackground{},
-    _glyphCell{ 0 },
+    _glyphCell{ 1, 1 },
     _haveDeviceResources{ false },
     _retroTerminalEffects{ false },
     _antialiasingMode{ D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_GRAYSCALE },
     _hwndTarget{ static_cast<HWND>(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) },
-    _sizeTarget{ 0 },
+    _sizeTarget{},
     _dpi{ USER_DEFAULT_SCREEN_DPI },
     _scale{ 1.0f },
     _chainMode{ SwapChainMode::ForComposition },
@@ -238,8 +239,8 @@ HRESULT DxEngine::_SetupTerminalEffects()
 
     // Setup the viewport.
     D3D11_VIEWPORT vp;
-    vp.Width = static_cast<FLOAT>(_displaySizePixels.cx);
-    vp.Height = static_cast<FLOAT>(_displaySizePixels.cy);
+    vp.Width = _displaySizePixels.width<FLOAT>();
+    vp.Height = _displaySizePixels.height<FLOAT>();
     vp.MinDepth = 0.0f;
     vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f;
     vp.TopLeftX = 0;
@@ -409,6 +410,8 @@ void DxEngine::_ComputePixelShaderSettings() noexcept
 
     _displaySizePixels = _GetClientSize();
 
+    _invalidMap.resize(_displaySizePixels / _glyphCell);
+
     if (createSwapChain)
     {
         DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 SwapChainDesc = { 0 };
@@ -427,11 +430,15 @@ void DxEngine::_ComputePixelShaderSettings() noexcept
             case SwapChainMode::ForHwnd:
             {
                 // use the HWND's dimensions for the swap chain dimensions.
-                RECT rect = { 0 };
-                RETURN_IF_WIN32_BOOL_FALSE(GetClientRect(_hwndTarget, &rect));
+                til::rectangle clientRect;
+                {
+                    RECT rect = { 0 };
+                    RETURN_IF_WIN32_BOOL_FALSE(GetClientRect(_hwndTarget, &rect));
+                    clientRect = rect;
+                }
 
-                SwapChainDesc.Width = rect.right - rect.left;
-                SwapChainDesc.Height = rect.bottom - rect.top;
+                SwapChainDesc.Width = clientRect.width<UINT>();
+                SwapChainDesc.Height = clientRect.height<UINT>();
 
                 // We can't do alpha for HWNDs. Set to ignore. It will fail otherwise.
                 SwapChainDesc.AlphaMode = DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_IGNORE;
@@ -457,8 +464,8 @@ void DxEngine::_ComputePixelShaderSettings() noexcept
             case SwapChainMode::ForComposition:
             {
                 // Use the given target size for compositions.
-                SwapChainDesc.Width = _displaySizePixels.cx;
-                SwapChainDesc.Height = _displaySizePixels.cy;
+                SwapChainDesc.Width = _displaySizePixels.width<UINT>();
+                SwapChainDesc.Height = _displaySizePixels.height<UINT>();
 
                 // We're doing advanced composition pretty much for the purpose of pretty alpha, so turn it on.
                 SwapChainDesc.AlphaMode = DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_PREMULTIPLIED;
@@ -628,8 +635,8 @@ void DxEngine::_ReleaseDeviceResources() noexcept
     return _dwriteFactory->CreateTextLayout(string,
                                             gsl::narrow<UINT32>(stringLength),
                                             _dwriteTextFormat.Get(),
-                                            gsl::narrow<float>(_displaySizePixels.cx),
-                                            _glyphCell.cy != 0 ? _glyphCell.cy : gsl::narrow<float>(_displaySizePixels.cy),
+                                            _displaySizePixels.width<float>(),
+                                            _glyphCell.height() != 0 ? _glyphCell.height<float>() : _displaySizePixels.height<float>(),
                                             ppTextLayout);
 }
 
@@ -686,7 +693,11 @@ Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> DxEngine::GetSwapChain()
 {
     RETURN_HR_IF_NULL(E_INVALIDARG, psrRegion);
 
-    _InvalidOr(*psrRegion);
+    SMALL_RECT inclusive = *psrRegion;
+    inclusive.Right--;
+    inclusive.Bottom--;
+
+    _InvalidOr(inclusive);
     return S_OK;
 }
 
@@ -700,7 +711,7 @@ Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> DxEngine::GetSwapChain()
 {
     RETURN_HR_IF_NULL(E_INVALIDARG, pcoordCursor);
 
-    const SMALL_RECT sr = Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport::FromCoord(*pcoordCursor).ToInclusive();
+    const SMALL_RECT sr = Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport::FromCoord(*pcoordCursor).ToExclusive();
     return Invalidate(&sr);
 }
 
@@ -748,39 +759,42 @@ Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> DxEngine::GetSwapChain()
     {
         try
         {
-            POINT delta = { 0 };
-            delta.x = pcoordDelta->X * _glyphCell.cx;
-            delta.y = pcoordDelta->Y * _glyphCell.cy;
+            /*til::point delta(*pcoordDelta);*/
+            // TODO: do this.
 
-            _InvalidOffset(delta);
+            //POINT delta = { 0 };
+            //delta.x = pcoordDelta->X * _glyphCell.cx;
+            //delta.y = pcoordDelta->Y * _glyphCell.cy;
 
-            _invalidScroll.cx += delta.x;
-            _invalidScroll.cy += delta.y;
+            //_InvalidOffset(delta);
 
-            // Add the revealed portion of the screen from the scroll to the invalid area.
-            const RECT display = _GetDisplayRect();
-            RECT reveal = display;
+            //_invalidScroll.cx += delta.x;
+            //_invalidScroll.cy += delta.y;
 
-            // X delta first
-            OffsetRect(&reveal, delta.x, 0);
-            IntersectRect(&reveal, &reveal, &display);
-            SubtractRect(&reveal, &display, &reveal);
+            //// Add the revealed portion of the screen from the scroll to the invalid area.
+            //const RECT display = _GetDisplayRect();
+            //RECT reveal = display;
 
-            if (!IsRectEmpty(&reveal))
-            {
-                _InvalidOr(reveal);
-            }
+            //// X delta first
+            //OffsetRect(&reveal, delta.x, 0);
+            //IntersectRect(&reveal, &reveal, &display);
+            //SubtractRect(&reveal, &display, &reveal);
 
-            // Y delta second (subtract rect won't work if you move both)
-            reveal = display;
-            OffsetRect(&reveal, 0, delta.y);
-            IntersectRect(&reveal, &reveal, &display);
-            SubtractRect(&reveal, &display, &reveal);
+            //if (!IsRectEmpty(&reveal))
+            //{
+            //    _InvalidOr(reveal);
+            //}
 
-            if (!IsRectEmpty(&reveal))
-            {
-                _InvalidOr(reveal);
-            }
+            //// Y delta second (subtract rect won't work if you move both)
+            //reveal = display;
+            //OffsetRect(&reveal, 0, delta.y);
+            //IntersectRect(&reveal, &reveal, &display);
+            //SubtractRect(&reveal, &display, &reveal);
+
+            //if (!IsRectEmpty(&reveal))
+            //{
+            //    _InvalidOr(reveal);
+            //}
         }
         CATCH_RETURN();
     }
@@ -796,8 +810,9 @@ Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> DxEngine::GetSwapChain()
 // - S_OK
 [[nodiscard]] HRESULT DxEngine::InvalidateAll() noexcept
 {
-    const RECT screen = _GetDisplayRect();
-    _InvalidOr(screen);
+    _invalidMap.set_all();
+    /*const RECT screen = _GetDisplayRect();
+    _InvalidOr(screen);*/
 
     return S_OK;
 }
@@ -822,7 +837,7 @@ Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> DxEngine::GetSwapChain()
 // - <none>
 // Return Value:
 // - X by Y area in pixels of the surface
-[[nodiscard]] SIZE DxEngine::_GetClientSize() const noexcept
+[[nodiscard]] til::size DxEngine::_GetClientSize() const noexcept
 {
     switch (_chainMode)
     {
@@ -831,39 +846,42 @@ Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> DxEngine::GetSwapChain()
         RECT clientRect = { 0 };
         LOG_IF_WIN32_BOOL_FALSE(GetClientRect(_hwndTarget, &clientRect));
 
-        SIZE clientSize = { 0 };
-        clientSize.cx = clientRect.right - clientRect.left;
-        clientSize.cy = clientRect.bottom - clientRect.top;
+        til::rectangle client{ clientRect };
 
-        return clientSize;
+        return client.size();
     }
     case SwapChainMode::ForComposition:
     {
-        SIZE size = _sizeTarget;
-        size.cx = static_cast<LONG>(size.cx * _scale);
-        size.cy = static_cast<LONG>(size.cy * _scale);
-        return size;
+        try
+        {
+            // TODO: fix scale
+            /*return _sizeTarget * _scale;*/
+            return _sizeTarget;
+        }
+        CATCH_LOG();
+
+        return _sizeTarget;
     }
     default:
         FAIL_FAST_HR(E_NOTIMPL);
     }
 }
 
-// Routine Description:
-// - Helper to multiply all parameters of a rectangle by the font size
-//   to convert from characters to pixels.
-// Arguments:
-// - cellsToPixels - rectangle to update
-// - fontSize - scaling factors
-// Return Value:
-// - <none> - Updates reference
-void _ScaleByFont(RECT& cellsToPixels, SIZE fontSize) noexcept
-{
-    cellsToPixels.left *= fontSize.cx;
-    cellsToPixels.right *= fontSize.cx;
-    cellsToPixels.top *= fontSize.cy;
-    cellsToPixels.bottom *= fontSize.cy;
-}
+//// Routine Description:
+//// - Helper to multiply all parameters of a rectangle by the font size
+////   to convert from characters to pixels.
+//// Arguments:
+//// - cellsToPixels - rectangle to update
+//// - fontSize - scaling factors
+//// Return Value:
+//// - <none> - Updates reference
+//void _ScaleByFont(RECT& cellsToPixels, SIZE fontSize) noexcept
+//{
+//    cellsToPixels.left *= fontSize.cx;
+//    cellsToPixels.right *= fontSize.cx;
+//    cellsToPixels.top *= fontSize.cy;
+//    cellsToPixels.bottom *= fontSize.cy;
+//}
 
 // Routine Description:
 // - Retrieves a rectangle representation of the pixel size of the
@@ -872,9 +890,9 @@ void _ScaleByFont(RECT& cellsToPixels, SIZE fontSize) noexcept
 // - <none>
 // Return Value;
 // - Origin-placed rectangle representing the pixel size of the surface
-[[nodiscard]] RECT DxEngine::_GetDisplayRect() const noexcept
+[[nodiscard]] til::rectangle DxEngine::_GetDisplayRect() const noexcept
 {
-    return { 0, 0, _displaySizePixels.cx, _displaySizePixels.cy };
+    return til::rectangle{ til::point{ 0, 0 }, _displaySizePixels };
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -887,22 +905,25 @@ void _ScaleByFont(RECT& cellsToPixels, SIZE fontSize) noexcept
 // - <none>
 void DxEngine::_InvalidOffset(POINT delta)
 {
-    if (_isInvalidUsed)
-    {
-        // Copy the existing invalid rect
-        RECT invalidNew = _invalidRect;
+    til::point pt{ delta };
+    _invalidMap += pt;
 
-        // Offset it to the new position
-        THROW_IF_WIN32_BOOL_FALSE(OffsetRect(&invalidNew, delta.x, delta.y));
+    //if (_isInvalidUsed)
+    //{
+    //    // Copy the existing invalid rect
+    //    RECT invalidNew = _invalidRect;
 
-        // Get the rect representing the display
-        const RECT rectScreen = _GetDisplayRect();
+    //    // Offset it to the new position
+    //    THROW_IF_WIN32_BOOL_FALSE(OffsetRect(&invalidNew, delta.x, delta.y));
 
-        // Ensure that the new invalid rectangle is still on the display
-        IntersectRect(&invalidNew, &invalidNew, &rectScreen);
+    //    // Get the rect representing the display
+    //    const RECT rectScreen = _GetDisplayRect();
 
-        _invalidRect = invalidNew;
-    }
+    //    // Ensure that the new invalid rectangle is still on the display
+    //    IntersectRect(&invalidNew, &invalidNew, &rectScreen);
+
+    //    _invalidRect = invalidNew;
+    //}
 }
 
 // Routine description:
@@ -914,17 +935,22 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOffset(POINT delta)
 // - <none>
 void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(SMALL_RECT sr) noexcept
 {
-    RECT region;
-    region.left = sr.Left;
-    region.top = sr.Top;
-    region.right = sr.Right;
-    region.bottom = sr.Bottom;
-    _ScaleByFont(region, _glyphCell);
+    if (_invalidMap)
+    {
+        _invalidMap.set(sr);
+    }
 
-    region.right += _glyphCell.cx;
-    region.bottom += _glyphCell.cy;
+    //RECT region;
+    //region.left = sr.Left;
+    //region.top = sr.Top;
+    //region.right = sr.Right;
+    //region.bottom = sr.Bottom;
+    //_ScaleByFont(region, _glyphCell);
 
-    _InvalidOr(region);
+    //region.right += _glyphCell.cx;
+    //region.bottom += _glyphCell.cy;
+
+    //_InvalidOr(region);
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -933,20 +959,20 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(SMALL_RECT sr) noexcept
 // - rc - Dirty pixel rectangle
 // Return Value:
 // - <none>
-void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
+void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT /*rc*/) noexcept
 {
-    if (_isInvalidUsed)
-    {
-        UnionRect(&_invalidRect, &_invalidRect, &rc);
+    //if (_isInvalidUsed)
+    //{
+    //    UnionRect(&_invalidRect, &_invalidRect, &rc);
 
-        const RECT rcScreen = _GetDisplayRect();
-        IntersectRect(&_invalidRect, &_invalidRect, &rcScreen);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        _invalidRect = rc;
-        _isInvalidUsed = true;
-    }
+    //    const RECT rcScreen = _GetDisplayRect();
+    //    IntersectRect(&_invalidRect, &_invalidRect, &rcScreen);
+    //}
+    //else
+    //{
+    //    _invalidRect = rc;
+    //    _isInvalidUsed = true;
+    //}
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -971,25 +997,8 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
 // - Any DirectX error, a memory error, etc.
 [[nodiscard]] HRESULT DxEngine::StartPaint() noexcept
 {
-    FAIL_FAST_IF_FAILED(InvalidateAll());
     RETURN_HR_IF(E_NOT_VALID_STATE, _isPainting); // invalid to start a paint while painting.
 
-#pragma warning(suppress : 26477 26485 26494 26482 26446 26447) // We don't control TraceLoggingWrite
-    TraceLoggingWrite(g_hDxRenderProvider,
-                      "Invalid",
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidRect.bottom - _invalidRect.top, "InvalidHeight"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32((_invalidRect.bottom - _invalidRect.top) / _glyphCell.cy, "InvalidHeightChars"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidRect.right - _invalidRect.left, "InvalidWidth"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32((_invalidRect.right - _invalidRect.left) / _glyphCell.cx, "InvalidWidthChars"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidRect.left, "InvalidX"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidRect.left / _glyphCell.cx, "InvalidXChars"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidRect.top, "InvalidY"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidRect.top / _glyphCell.cy, "InvalidYChars"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidScroll.cx, "ScrollWidth"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidScroll.cx / _glyphCell.cx, "ScrollWidthChars"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidScroll.cy, "ScrollHeight"),
-                      TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidScroll.cy / _glyphCell.cy, "ScrollHeightChars"));
-
     if (_isEnabled)
     {
         try
@@ -999,8 +1008,7 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
             {
                 RETURN_IF_FAILED(_CreateDeviceResources(true));
             }
-            else if (_displaySizePixels.cy != clientSize.cy ||
-                     _displaySizePixels.cx != clientSize.cx)
+            else if (_displaySizePixels != clientSize)
             {
                 // OK, we're going to play a dangerous game here for the sake of optimizing resize
                 // First, set up a complete clear of all device resources if something goes terribly wrong.
@@ -1013,7 +1021,7 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
                 _d2dRenderTarget.Reset();
 
                 // Change the buffer size and recreate the render target (and surface)
-                RETURN_IF_FAILED(_dxgiSwapChain->ResizeBuffers(2, clientSize.cx, clientSize.cy, DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, 0));
+                RETURN_IF_FAILED(_dxgiSwapChain->ResizeBuffers(2, clientSize.width<UINT>(), clientSize.height<UINT>(), DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, 0));
                 RETURN_IF_FAILED(_PrepareRenderTarget());
 
                 // OK we made it past the parts that can cause errors. We can release our failure handler.
@@ -1021,10 +1029,32 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
 
                 // And persist the new size.
                 _displaySizePixels = clientSize;
+
+                _invalidMap.resize(_displaySizePixels / _glyphCell);
             }
 
             _d2dRenderTarget->BeginDraw();
             _isPainting = true;
+
+            // Walk the map for dirty rectangles and store them up.
+            // We're going to have to go over them multiple times, so don't spend all the iteration
+            // work multiple times.
+            for (auto it = _invalidMap.begin_runs(); it < _invalidMap.end_runs(); ++it)
+            {
+                auto rect = *it;
+
+#pragma warning(suppress : 26477 26485 26494 26482 26446 26447) // We don't control TraceLoggingWrite
+                TraceLoggingWrite(g_hDxRenderProvider,
+                                  "Invalid",
+                                  TraceLoggingInt32((LONG)rect.height(), "InvalidHeightChars"),
+                                  TraceLoggingInt32((LONG)rect.width(), "InvalidWidthChars"),
+                                  TraceLoggingInt32((LONG)rect.left(), "InvalidXChars"),
+                                  TraceLoggingInt32((LONG)rect.top(), "InvalidYChars"),
+                                  TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidScroll.cx, "ScrollWidthChars"),
+                                  TraceLoggingInt32(_invalidScroll.cy, "ScrollHeightChars"));
+
+                _dirtyRects.push_back(rect);
+            }
         }
         CATCH_RETURN();
     }
@@ -1054,15 +1084,19 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
         {
             if (_invalidScroll.cy != 0 || _invalidScroll.cx != 0)
             {
-                _presentDirty = _invalidRect;
+                // The scroll rect is the entire screen minus the revealed areas.
+                // Get the entire screen into a rectangle.
+                til::rectangle scrollArea = _GetDisplayRect();
 
-                const RECT display = _GetDisplayRect();
-                SubtractRect(&_presentScroll, &display, &_presentDirty);
+                // Reduce the size of the rectangle by the scroll
+                scrollArea -= _invalidScroll;
+
+                _presentScroll = scrollArea;
                 _presentOffset.x = _invalidScroll.cx;
                 _presentOffset.y = _invalidScroll.cy;
 
-                _presentParams.DirtyRectsCount = 1;
-                _presentParams.pDirtyRects = &_presentDirty;
+                _presentParams.DirtyRectsCount = gsl::narrow<UINT>(_dirtyRectRects.size());
+                _presentParams.pDirtyRects = _dirtyRectRects.data();
 
                 _presentParams.pScrollOffset = &_presentOffset;
                 _presentParams.pScrollRect = &_presentScroll;
@@ -1083,8 +1117,11 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
         }
     }
 
-    _invalidRect = { 0 };
-    _isInvalidUsed = false;
+    _dirtyRects.clear();
+    _invalidMap.reset_all();
+
+    /*_invalidRect = { 0 };
+    _isInvalidUsed = false;*/
 
     _invalidScroll = { 0 };
 
@@ -1161,7 +1198,8 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
             RETURN_IF_FAILED(_CopyFrontToBack());
             _presentReady = false;
 
-            _presentDirty = { 0 };
+            _dirtyRectRects.clear();
+            /*_presentDirty = { 0 };*/
             _presentOffset = { 0 };
             _presentScroll = { 0 };
             _presentParams = { 0 };
@@ -1184,27 +1222,22 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
-// - This paints in the back most layer of the frame with the background color.
+// - This paints in the back most layer of the frame with clear/nothing so it can
+//   be transparent if it wants to be.
 // Arguments:
 // - <none>
 // Return Value:
 // - S_OK
 [[nodiscard]] HRESULT DxEngine::PaintBackground() noexcept
 {
-    switch (_chainMode)
+    const D2D1_COLOR_F nothing = { 0 }; // 0 alpha and color is black.
+    for (const D2D1_RECT_F rect : _dirtyRects)
     {
-    case SwapChainMode::ForHwnd:
-        _d2dRenderTarget->FillRectangle(D2D1::RectF(static_cast<float>(_invalidRect.left),
-                                                    static_cast<float>(_invalidRect.top),
-                                                    static_cast<float>(_invalidRect.right),
-                                                    static_cast<float>(_invalidRect.bottom)),
-                                        _d2dBrushBackground.Get());
-        break;
-    case SwapChainMode::ForComposition:
-        D2D1_COLOR_F nothing = { 0 };
-
+        _d2dRenderTarget->SetTransform(D2D1::Matrix3x2F::Scale(_glyphCell));
+        _d2dRenderTarget->PushAxisAlignedClip(rect, D2D1_ANTIALIAS_MODE_ALIASED);
         _d2dRenderTarget->Clear(nothing);
-        break;
+        _d2dRenderTarget->PopAxisAlignedClip();
+        _d2dRenderTarget->SetTransform(D2D1::Matrix3x2F::Identity());
     }
 
     return S_OK;
@@ -1225,10 +1258,10 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
 {
     try
     {
+        const til::point cellPoint{ coord };
+
         // Calculate positioning of our origin.
-        D2D1_POINT_2F origin;
-        origin.x = static_cast<float>(coord.X * _glyphCell.cx);
-        origin.y = static_cast<float>(coord.Y * _glyphCell.cy);
+        const D2D1_POINT_2F origin = til::point{ coord } * _glyphCell;
 
         // Create the text layout
         CustomTextLayout layout(_dwriteFactory.Get(),
@@ -1236,7 +1269,7 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
                                 _dwriteTextFormat.Get(),
                                 _dwriteFontFace.Get(),
                                 clusters,
-                                _glyphCell.cx);
+                                _glyphCell.width());
 
         // Get the baseline for this font as that's where we draw from
         DWRITE_LINE_SPACING spacing;
@@ -1248,7 +1281,7 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
                                _d2dBrushBackground.Get(),
                                _dwriteFactory.Get(),
                                spacing,
-                               D2D1::SizeF(gsl::narrow<FLOAT>(_glyphCell.cx), gsl::narrow<FLOAT>(_glyphCell.cy)),
+                               _glyphCell,
                                D2D1_DRAW_TEXT_OPTIONS_ENABLE_COLOR_FONT);
 
         // Layout then render the text
@@ -1349,25 +1382,18 @@ void DxEngine::_InvalidOr(RECT rc) noexcept
 //  - rect - Rectangle to invert or highlight to make the selection area
 // Return Value:
 // - S_OK or relevant DirectX error.
-[[nodiscard]] HRESULT DxEngine::PaintSelection(const SMALL_RECT rect) noexcept
+[[nodiscard]] HRESULT DxEngine::PaintSelection(SMALL_RECT rect) noexcept
 {
     const auto existingColor = _d2dBrushForeground->GetColor();
 
     _d2dBrushForeground->SetColor(_selectionBackground);
     const auto resetColorOnExit = wil::scope_exit([&]() noexcept { _d2dBrushForeground->SetColor(existingColor); });
 
-    RECT pixels;
-    pixels.left = rect.Left * _glyphCell.cx;
-    pixels.top = rect.Top * _glyphCell.cy;
-    pixels.right = rect.Right * _glyphCell.cx;
-    pixels.bottom = rect.Bottom * _glyphCell.cy;
-
-    D2D1_RECT_F draw = { 0 };
-    draw.left = static_cast<float>(pixels.left);
-    draw.top = static_cast<float>(pixels.top);
-    draw.right = static_cast<float>(pixels.right);
-    draw.bottom = static_cast<float>(pixels.bottom);
+    rect.Bottom--;
+    rect.Right--;
 
+    /* rect is SMALL_RECT */
+    const D2D1_RECT_F draw = til::rectangle{ rect } * _glyphCell;
     _d2dRenderTarget->FillRectangle(draw, _d2dBrushForeground.Get());
 
     return S_OK;
@@ -1395,16 +1421,12 @@ enum class CursorPaintType
         return S_FALSE;
     }
     // Create rectangular block representing where the cursor can fill.
-    D2D1_RECT_F rect = { 0 };
-    rect.left = static_cast<float>(options.coordCursor.X * _glyphCell.cx);
-    rect.top = static_cast<float>(options.coordCursor.Y * _glyphCell.cy);
-    rect.right = static_cast<float>(rect.left + _glyphCell.cx);
-    rect.bottom = static_cast<float>(rect.top + _glyphCell.cy);
+    D2D1_RECT_F rect = til::rectangle{ til::point{ options.coordCursor } } * _glyphCell;
 
     // If we're double-width, make it one extra glyph wider
     if (options.fIsDoubleWidth)
     {
-        rect.right += _glyphCell.cx;
+        rect.right += _glyphCell.width();
     }
 
     CursorPaintType paintType = CursorPaintType::Fill;
@@ -1416,7 +1438,7 @@ enum class CursorPaintType
         // Enforce min/max cursor height
         ULONG ulHeight = std::clamp(options.ulCursorHeightPercent, s_ulMinCursorHeightPercent, s_ulMaxCursorHeightPercent);
 
-        ulHeight = gsl::narrow<ULONG>((_glyphCell.cy * ulHeight) / 100);
+        ulHeight = gsl::narrow<ULONG>((_glyphCell.height() * ulHeight) / 100);
         rect.top = rect.bottom - ulHeight;
         break;
     }
@@ -1586,10 +1608,9 @@ CATCH_RETURN()
 
     try
     {
-        const auto size = fiFontInfo.GetSize();
+        _glyphCell = fiFontInfo.GetSize();
 
-        _glyphCell.cx = size.X;
-        _glyphCell.cy = size.Y;
+        _invalidMap.resize(_displaySizePixels / _glyphCell);
     }
     CATCH_RETURN();
 
@@ -1598,10 +1619,9 @@ CATCH_RETURN()
 
 [[nodiscard]] Viewport DxEngine::GetViewportInCharacters(const Viewport& viewInPixels) noexcept
 {
-    const short widthInChars = gsl::narrow_cast<short>(viewInPixels.Width() / _glyphCell.cx);
-    const short heightInChars = gsl::narrow_cast<short>(viewInPixels.Height() / _glyphCell.cy);
+    const auto cellSize = til::size{ viewInPixels.Dimensions() } / _glyphCell;
 
-    return Viewport::FromDimensions(viewInPixels.Origin(), { widthInChars, heightInChars });
+    return Viewport::FromDimensions(viewInPixels.Origin(), cellSize);
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -1686,19 +1706,10 @@ float DxEngine::GetScaling() const noexcept
 // - <none>
 // Return Value:
 // - Rectangle describing dirty area in characters.
-[[nodiscard]] std::vector<SMALL_RECT> DxEngine::GetDirtyArea()
+// TODO: maybe this should be returning a ref... not a copy...
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<til::rectangle> DxEngine::GetDirtyArea()
 {
-    SMALL_RECT r;
-    r.Top = gsl::narrow<SHORT>(floor(_invalidRect.top / _glyphCell.cy));
-    r.Left = gsl::narrow<SHORT>(floor(_invalidRect.left / _glyphCell.cx));
-    r.Bottom = gsl::narrow<SHORT>(floor(_invalidRect.bottom / _glyphCell.cy));
-    r.Right = gsl::narrow<SHORT>(floor(_invalidRect.right / _glyphCell.cx));
-
-    // Exclusive to inclusive
-    r.Bottom--;
-    r.Right--;
-
-    return { r };
+    return _dirtyRects;
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -1710,7 +1721,7 @@ float DxEngine::GetScaling() const noexcept
 // - Nearest integer short x and y values for each cell.
 [[nodiscard]] COORD DxEngine::_GetFontSize() const noexcept
 {
-    return { gsl::narrow<SHORT>(_glyphCell.cx), gsl::narrow<SHORT>(_glyphCell.cy) };
+    return _glyphCell;
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -1746,7 +1757,7 @@ float DxEngine::GetScaling() const noexcept
                                 _dwriteTextFormat.Get(),
                                 _dwriteFontFace.Get(),
                                 { &cluster, 1 },
-                                _glyphCell.cx);
+                                _glyphCell.width());
 
         UINT32 columns = 0;
         RETURN_IF_FAILED(layout.GetColumns(&columns));

src/renderer/dx/DxRenderer.hpp

@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 
 #include <TraceLoggingProvider.h>
 
+#include "til/bitmap.h"
+#include "til/operators.h"
+
 TRACELOGGING_DECLARE_PROVIDER(g_hDxRenderProvider);
 
 namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
@@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
 
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetProposedFont(const FontInfoDesired& fiFontInfoDesired, FontInfo& fiFontInfo, int const iDpi) noexcept override;
 
-        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() override;
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() override;
 
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept override;
@@ -121,7 +124,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
         SwapChainMode _chainMode;
 
         HWND _hwndTarget;
-        SIZE _sizeTarget;
+        til::size _sizeTarget;
         int _dpi;
         float _scale;
 
@@ -130,8 +133,8 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
         bool _isEnabled;
         bool _isPainting;
 
-        SIZE _displaySizePixels;
-        SIZE _glyphCell;
+        til::size _displaySizePixels;
+        til::size _glyphCell;
 
         D2D1_COLOR_F _defaultForegroundColor;
         D2D1_COLOR_F _defaultBackgroundColor;
@@ -140,10 +143,14 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
         D2D1_COLOR_F _backgroundColor;
         D2D1_COLOR_F _selectionBackground;
 
-        [[nodiscard]] RECT _GetDisplayRect() const noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] til::rectangle _GetDisplayRect() const noexcept;
 
-        bool _isInvalidUsed;
-        RECT _invalidRect;
+        til::bitmap _invalidMap;
+        std::vector<til::rectangle> _dirtyRects;
+        std::vector<RECT> _dirtyRectRects;
+
+        //bool _isInvalidUsed;
+        //RECT _invalidRect;
         SIZE _invalidScroll;
 
         void _InvalidOr(SMALL_RECT sr) noexcept;
@@ -152,7 +159,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
         void _InvalidOffset(POINT pt);
 
         bool _presentReady;
-        RECT _presentDirty;
+        /*RECT _presentDirty;*/
         RECT _presentScroll;
         POINT _presentOffset;
         DXGI_PRESENT_PARAMETERS _presentParams;
@@ -246,7 +253,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
 
         [[nodiscard]] COORD _GetFontSize() const noexcept;
 
-        [[nodiscard]] SIZE _GetClientSize() const noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] til::size _GetClientSize() const noexcept;
 
         [[nodiscard]] D2D1_COLOR_F _ColorFFromColorRef(const COLORREF color) noexcept;
 

src/renderer/dx/precomp.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 // This includes support libraries from the CRT, STL, WIL, and GSL
+#define BLOCK_TIL
 #include "LibraryIncludes.h"
 
 #include <windows.h>
@@ -34,4 +35,7 @@
 #include <dwrite_2.h>
 #include <dwrite_3.h>
 
+// Include TIL after DX so we can use the DX conversions.
+#include "til.h"
+
 #pragma hdrstop

src/renderer/gdi/gdirenderer.hpp

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
                                               _Out_ FontInfo& Font,
                                               const int iDpi) noexcept override;
 
-        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() override;
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept override;
 

src/renderer/gdi/math.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Render;
 // Return Value:
 // - The character dimensions of the current dirty area of the frame.
 //      This is an Inclusive rect.
-std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GdiEngine::GetDirtyArea()
+std::vector<til::rectangle> GdiEngine::GetDirtyArea()
 {
     RECT rc = _psInvalidData.rcPaint;
 

src/renderer/inc/IRenderEngine.hpp

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ Author(s):
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "til/rectangle.h"
 #include "../../inc/conattrs.hpp"
 #include "Cluster.hpp"
 #include "FontInfoDesired.hpp"
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
                                                       _Out_ FontInfo& FontInfo,
                                                       const int iDpi) noexcept = 0;
 
-        virtual std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() = 0;
         [[nodiscard]] virtual HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept = 0;
         [[nodiscard]] virtual HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept = 0;
         [[nodiscard]] virtual HRESULT UpdateTitle(const std::wstring& newTitle) noexcept = 0;

src/renderer/uia/UiaRenderer.cpp

@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ UiaEngine::UiaEngine(IUiaEventDispatcher* dispatcher) :
 // - <none>
 // Return Value:
 // - Rectangle describing dirty area in characters.
-[[nodiscard]] std::vector<SMALL_RECT> UiaEngine::GetDirtyArea()
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<til::rectangle> UiaEngine::GetDirtyArea()
 {
     return { Viewport::Empty().ToInclusive() };
 }

src/renderer/uia/UiaRenderer.hpp

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
 
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetProposedFont(const FontInfoDesired& fiFontInfoDesired, FontInfo& fiFontInfo, int const iDpi) noexcept override;
 
-        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() override;
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept override;
 

src/renderer/vt/invalidate.cpp

@@ -144,6 +144,11 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Render;
 // - S_OK, else an appropriate HRESULT for failing to allocate or write.
 [[nodiscard]] HRESULT VtEngine::_InvalidCombine(const Viewport invalid) noexcept
 {
+    if (_invalidMap)
+    {
+        _invalidMap.set(invalid.ToInclusive());
+    }
+
     if (!_fInvalidRectUsed)
     {
         _invalidRect = invalid;

src/renderer/vt/math.cpp

@@ -17,14 +17,9 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
 // Return Value:
 // - The character dimensions of the current dirty area of the frame.
 //      This is an Inclusive rect.
-std::vector<SMALL_RECT> VtEngine::GetDirtyArea()
+std::vector<til::rectangle> VtEngine::GetDirtyArea()
 {
-    SMALL_RECT dirty = _invalidRect.ToInclusive();
-    if (dirty.Top < _virtualTop)
-    {
-        dirty.Top = _virtualTop;
-    }
-    return { dirty };
+    return _invalidRects;
 }
 
 // Routine Description:

src/renderer/vt/paint.cpp

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
 
     // If there's nothing to do, quick return
     bool somethingToDo = _fInvalidRectUsed ||
+                         !_invalidMap.empty() ||
                          (_scrollDelta.X != 0 || _scrollDelta.Y != 0) ||
                          _cursorMoved ||
                          _titleChanged;
@@ -34,6 +35,14 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
     _quickReturn = !somethingToDo;
     _trace.TraceStartPaint(_quickReturn, _fInvalidRectUsed, _invalidRect, _lastViewport, _scrollDelta, _cursorMoved);
 
+    if (somethingToDo)
+    {
+        for (auto it = _invalidMap.begin_runs(); it < _invalidMap.end_runs(); ++it)
+        {
+            _invalidRects.push_back(*it);
+        }
+    }
+
     return _quickReturn ? S_FALSE : S_OK;
 }
 
@@ -50,6 +59,8 @@ using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
 {
     _trace.TraceEndPaint();
 
+    _invalidMap.reset_all();
+    _invalidRects.clear();
     _invalidRect = Viewport::Empty();
     _fInvalidRectUsed = false;
     _scrollDelta = { 0 };

src/renderer/vt/state.cpp

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ VtEngine::VtEngine(_In_ wil::unique_hfile pipe,
     _lastWasBold(false),
     _lastViewport(initialViewport),
     _invalidRect(Viewport::Empty()),
+    _invalidMap(initialViewport.Dimensions()),
+    _invalidRects(),
     _fInvalidRectUsed(false),
     _lastRealCursor({ 0 }),
     _lastText({ 0 }),
@@ -293,6 +295,8 @@ CATCH_RETURN();
 
     if ((oldView.Height() != newView.Height()) || (oldView.Width() != newView.Width()))
     {
+        _invalidMap.resize(_lastViewport.Dimensions());
+
         // Don't emit a resize event if we've requested it be suppressed
         if (!_suppressResizeRepaint)
         {

src/renderer/vt/vtrenderer.hpp

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ Author(s):
 #include <string>
 #include <functional>
 
+#include "til/bitmap.h"
+
 // fwdecl unittest classes
 #ifdef UNIT_TESTING
 namespace TerminalCoreUnitTests
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
                                               _Out_ FontInfo& Font,
                                               const int iDpi) noexcept override;
 
-        std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() override;
+        std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept override;
 
@@ -120,6 +122,8 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
         COLORREF _LastBG;
         bool _lastWasBold;
 
+        til::bitmap _invalidMap;
+        std::vector<til::rectangle> _invalidRects;
         Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport _lastViewport;
         Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport _invalidRect;
 

src/renderer/wddmcon/WddmConRenderer.cpp

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ bool WddmConEngine::IsInitialized()
     return S_OK;
 }
 
-std::vector<SMALL_RECT> WddmConEngine::GetDirtyArea()
+std::vector<til::rectangle> WddmConEngine::GetDirtyArea()
 {
     SMALL_RECT r;
     r.Bottom = _displayHeight > 0 ? (SHORT)(_displayHeight - 1) : 0;

src/renderer/wddmcon/WddmConRenderer.hpp

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ namespace Microsoft::Console::Render
 
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetProposedFont(const FontInfoDesired& fiFontInfoDesired, FontInfo& fiFontInfo, int const iDpi) noexcept override;
 
-        std::vector<SMALL_RECT> GetDirtyArea() override;
+        std::vector<til::rectangle> GetDirtyArea() override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT GetFontSize(_Out_ COORD* const pFontSize) noexcept override;
         [[nodiscard]] HRESULT IsGlyphWideByFont(const std::wstring_view glyph, _Out_ bool* const pResult) noexcept override;
 

src/til/ut_til/BitmapTests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#include "precomp.h"
+
+#include "til/bitmap.h"
+
+using namespace WEX::Common;
+using namespace WEX::Logging;
+using namespace WEX::TestExecution;
+
+class BitmapTests
+{
+    TEST_CLASS(BitmapTests);
+
+    TEST_METHOD(Construct)
+    {
+        COORD foo;
+        foo.X = 12;
+        foo.Y = 14;
+        til::point p(foo);
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(foo.X, p.x());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(foo.Y, p.y());
+
+        POINT pt;
+        pt.x = 88;
+        pt.y = 98;
+        til::point q(pt);
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(pt.x, q.x());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(pt.y, q.y());
+
+        SIZE sz;
+        sz.cx = 11;
+        sz.cy = 13;
+        til::size r(sz);
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(sz.cx, r.width());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(sz.cy, r.height());
+
+        COORD bar;
+        bar.X = 57;
+        bar.Y = 15;
+        til::size s(bar);
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(bar.X, s.width());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(bar.Y, s.height());
+
+        SIZE mapSize{ 10, 10 };
+        til::bitmap x(mapSize);
+        x.set({ 4, 4 });
+
+        til::rectangle area(til::point{ 5, 5 }, til::size{ 2, 2 });
+        x.set(area);
+
+        Log::Comment(L"Row 4!");
+        for (auto it = x.begin_row(4); it < x.end_row(4); ++it)
+        {
+            if (*it)
+            {
+                Log::Comment(L"True");
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Log::Comment(L"False");
+            }
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"All!");
+        auto start = x.begin();
+        auto end = x.end();
+
+        for (const auto& y : x)
+        {
+            if (y)
+            {
+                Log::Comment(L"True");
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Log::Comment(L"False");
+            }
+        }
+
+        SMALL_RECT smrc;
+        smrc.Top = 31;
+        smrc.Bottom = 41;
+        smrc.Left = 59;
+        smrc.Right = 265;
+
+        til::rectangle smrectangle(smrc);
+
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(smrc.Top, smrectangle.top());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(smrc.Bottom, smrectangle.bottom());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(smrc.Left, smrectangle.left());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(smrc.Right, smrectangle.right());
+
+        RECT bgrc;
+        bgrc.top = 3;
+        bgrc.bottom = 5;
+        bgrc.left = 8;
+        bgrc.right = 9;
+
+        til::rectangle bgrectangle(bgrc);
+
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(bgrc.top, bgrectangle.top());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(bgrc.bottom, bgrectangle.bottom());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(bgrc.left, bgrectangle.left());
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(bgrc.right, bgrectangle.right());
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(Runerator)
+    {
+        til::bitmap foo{ til::size{ 4, 8 } };
+        foo.reset_all();
+        foo.set(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 1, 1 }, til::size{ 2, 2 } });
+
+        foo.set(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 3, 5 } });
+        foo.set(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 0, 6 } });
+
+        std::deque<til::rectangle> expectedRects;
+        expectedRects.push_back(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 1, 1 }, til::size{ 2, 1 } });
+        expectedRects.push_back(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 1, 2 }, til::size{ 2, 1 } });
+        expectedRects.push_back(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 3, 5 } });
+        expectedRects.push_back(til::rectangle{ til::point{ 0, 6 } });
+
+        for (auto it = foo.begin_runs(); it < foo.end_runs(); ++it)
+        {
+            const auto actual = *it;
+            const auto expected = expectedRects.front();
+
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+
+            expectedRects.pop_front();
+        }
+    }
+};

src/til/ut_til/OperatorTests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#include "precomp.h"
+
+#include "til/operators.h"
+
+using namespace WEX::Common;
+using namespace WEX::Logging;
+using namespace WEX::TestExecution;
+
+class OperatorTests
+{
+    TEST_CLASS(OperatorTests);
+
+    TEST_METHOD(RectangleAdditionSize)
+    {
+        const til::rectangle start{ 10, 20, 30, 40 };
+
+        Log::Comment(L"1.) Add size to bottom and right");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ 3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 20, 33, 47 };
+            const auto actual = start + scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"2.) Add size to top and left");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ -3, -7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 7, 13, 30, 40 };
+            const auto actual = start + scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"3.) Add size to bottom and left");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ -3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 7, 20, 30, 47 };
+            const auto actual = start + scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"4.) Add size to top and right");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ 3, -7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 13, 33, 40 };
+            const auto actual = start + scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(RectangleInplaceAdditionSize)
+    {
+        const til::rectangle start{ 10, 20, 30, 40 };
+
+        Log::Comment(L"1.) Add size to bottom and right");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ 3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 20, 33, 47 };
+            actual += scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"2.) Add size to top and left");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ -3, -7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 7, 13, 30, 40 };
+            actual += scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"3.) Add size to bottom and left");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ -3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 7, 20, 30, 47 };
+            actual += scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"4.) Add size to top and right");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ 3, -7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 13, 33, 40 };
+            actual += scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(RectangleSubtractionSize)
+    {
+        const til::rectangle start{ 10, 20, 30, 40 };
+
+        Log::Comment(L"1.) Subtract size from bottom and right");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ 3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 20, 27, 33 };
+            const auto actual = start - scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"2.) Subtract size from top and left");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ -3, -7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 13, 27, 30, 40 };
+            const auto actual = start - scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"3.) Subtract size from bottom and left");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ -3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 13, 20, 30, 33 };
+            const auto actual = start - scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"4.) Subtract size from top and right");
+        {
+            const til::size scale{ 3, -6 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 26, 27, 40 };
+            const auto actual = start - scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST_METHOD(RectangleInplaceSubtractionSize)
+    {
+        const til::rectangle start{ 10, 20, 30, 40 };
+
+        Log::Comment(L"1.) Subtract size from bottom and right");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ 3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 20, 27, 33 };
+            actual -= scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"2.) Subtract size from top and left");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ -3, -7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 13, 27, 30, 40 };
+            actual -= scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"3.) Subtract size from bottom and left");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ -3, 7 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 13, 20, 30, 33 };
+            actual -= scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+
+        Log::Comment(L"4.) Subtract size from top and right");
+        {
+            auto actual = start;
+            const til::size scale{ 3, -6 };
+            const til::rectangle expected{ 10, 26, 27, 40 };
+            actual -= scale;
+            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expected, actual);
+        }
+    }
+};

src/til/ut_til/SizeTests.cpp

@@ -168,6 +168,21 @@ class SizeTests
         }
     }
 
+    TEST_METHOD(Boolean)
+    {
+        const til::size empty;
+        VERIFY_IS_FALSE(empty);
+
+        const til::size heightOnly{ 0, 10 };
+        VERIFY_IS_TRUE(heightOnly);
+
+        const til::size widthOnly{ 10, 0 };
+        VERIFY_IS_TRUE(widthOnly);
+
+        const til::size both{ 10, 10 };
+        VERIFY_IS_TRUE(both);
+    }
+
     TEST_METHOD(Addition)
     {
         Log::Comment(L"0.) Addition of two things that should be in bounds.");

src/til/ut_til/til.unit.tests.vcxproj

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.build.pre.props" />
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="BitmapTests.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="OperatorTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="PointTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="RectangleTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="SizeTests.cpp" />

src/til/ut_til/til.unit.tests.vcxproj.filters

@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@
     <Natvis Include="$(SolutionDir)tools\ConsoleTypes.natvis" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="BitmapTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="SomeTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\precomp.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="u8u16convertTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="SizeTests.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="OperatorTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="ColorTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="PointTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="RectangleTests.cpp" />

src/til/ut_til/u8u16convertTests.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 // Licensed under the MIT license.
 
 #include "precomp.h"
-#include "WexTestClass.h"
 
 using namespace WEX::Common;
 using namespace WEX::Logging;