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115 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
115 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Preparing database storage
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parent: Installation
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nav_order: 3
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permalink: /installation/database
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---
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# Preparing database storage
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Dendrite uses SQL databases to store data. Depending on the database engine being used, you
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may need to perform some manual steps outlined below.
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## PostgreSQL
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Dendrite can automatically populate the database with the relevant tables and indexes, but
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it is not capable of creating the databases themselves. You will need to create the databases
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manually.
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The databases **must** be created with UTF-8 encoding configured or you will likely run into problems
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with your Dendrite deployment.
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At this point, you can choose to either use a single database for all Dendrite components,
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or you can run each component with its own separate database:
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* **Single database**: You will need to create a single PostgreSQL database. Monolith deployments
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can use a single global connection pool, which makes updating the configuration file much easier.
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Only one database connection string to manage and likely simpler to back up the database. All
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components will be sharing the same database resources (CPU, RAM, storage).
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* **Separate databases**: You will need to create a separate PostgreSQL database for each
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component. You will need to configure each component that has storage in the Dendrite
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configuration file with its own connection parameters. Allows running a different database engine
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for each component on a different machine if needs be, each with their own CPU, RAM and storage —
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almost certainly overkill unless you are running a very large Dendrite deployment.
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For either configuration, you will want to:
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1. Configure a role (with a username and password) which Dendrite can use to connect to the
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database;
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2. Create the database(s) themselves, ensuring that the Dendrite role has privileges over them.
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As Dendrite will create and manage the database tables, indexes and sequences by itself, the
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Dendrite role must have suitable privileges over the database.
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### Connection strings
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The format of connection strings for PostgreSQL databases is described in the [PostgreSQL libpq manual](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING). Note that Dendrite only
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supports the "Connection URIs" format and **will not** work with the "Keyword/Value Connection
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string" format.
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Example supported connection strings take the format:
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* `postgresql://user:pass@hostname/database?options=...`
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* `postgres://user:pass@hostname/database?options=...`
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If you need to disable SSL/TLS on the database connection, you may need to append `?sslmode=disable` to the end of the connection string.
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### Role creation
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Create a role which Dendrite can use to connect to the database, choosing a new password when
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prompted. On macOS, you may need to omit the `sudo -u postgres` from the below instructions.
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```bash
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sudo -u postgres createuser -P dendrite
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```
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### Single database creation
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Create the database itself, using the `dendrite` role from above:
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```bash
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sudo -u postgres createdb -O dendrite -E UTF-8 dendrite
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```
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### Multiple database creation
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The following eight components require a database. In this example they will be named:
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| Appservice API | `dendrite_appservice` |
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| Federation API | `dendrite_federationapi` |
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| Media API | `dendrite_mediaapi` |
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| MSCs | `dendrite_mscs` |
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| Roomserver | `dendrite_roomserver` |
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| Sync API | `dendrite_syncapi` |
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| Key server | `dendrite_keyserver` |
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| User API | `dendrite_userapi` |
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... therefore you will need to create eight different databases:
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```bash
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for i in appservice federationapi mediaapi mscs roomserver syncapi keyserver userapi; do
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sudo -u postgres createdb -O dendrite -E UTF-8 dendrite_$i
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done
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```
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## SQLite
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**WARNING:** The Dendrite SQLite backend is slower, less reliable and not recommended for
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production usage. You should use PostgreSQL instead. We may not be able to provide support if
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you run into issues with your deployment while using the SQLite backend.
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SQLite deployments do not require manual database creation. Simply configure the database
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filenames in the Dendrite configuration file and start Dendrite. The databases will be created
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and populated automatically.
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Note that Dendrite **cannot share a single SQLite database across multiple components**. Each
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component must be configured with its own SQLite database filename. You will have to remove
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the `global.database` section from your Dendrite config and add it to each individual section
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instead in order to use SQLite.
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### Connection strings
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Connection strings for SQLite databases take the following forms:
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* Current working directory path: `file:dendrite_component.db`
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* Full specified path: `file:///path/to/dendrite_component.db`
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