mirror of
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea
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17be645498
* Encrypt LDAP bind password in db with SECRET_KEY The LDAP source bind password are currently stored in plaintext in the db This PR simply encrypts them with the setting.SECRET_KEY. Fix #15460 Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net> * remove ui warning regarding unencrypted password Co-authored-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>
291 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
291 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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date: "2016-12-01T16:00:00+02:00"
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title: "Authentication"
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slug: "authentication"
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weight: 10
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toc: false
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draft: false
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menu:
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sidebar:
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parent: "features"
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name: "Authentication"
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weight: 10
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identifier: "authentication"
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---
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# Authentication
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{{< toc >}}
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## LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
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Both the LDAP via BindDN and the simple auth LDAP share the following fields:
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- Authorization Name **(required)**
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- A name to assign to the new method of authorization.
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- Host **(required)**
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- The address where the LDAP server can be reached.
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- Example: `mydomain.com`
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- Port **(required)**
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- The port to use when connecting to the server.
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- Example: `389` for LDAP or `636` for LDAP SSL
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- Enable TLS Encryption (optional)
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- Whether to use TLS when connecting to the LDAP server.
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- Admin Filter (optional)
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- An LDAP filter specifying if a user should be given administrator
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privileges. If a user account passes the filter, the user will be
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privileged as an administrator.
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- Example: `(objectClass=adminAccount)`
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- Example for Microsoft Active Directory (AD): `(memberOf=CN=admin-group,OU=example,DC=example,DC=org)`
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- Username attribute (optional)
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- The attribute of the user's LDAP record containing the user name. Given
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attribute value will be used for new Gitea account user name after first
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successful sign-in. Leave empty to use login name given on sign-in form.
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- This is useful when supplied login name is matched against multiple
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attributes, but only single specific attribute should be used for Gitea
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account name, see "User Filter".
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- Example: `uid`
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- Example for Microsoft Active Directory (AD): `sAMAccountName`
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- First name attribute (optional)
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- The attribute of the user's LDAP record containing the user's first name.
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This will be used to populate their account information.
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- Example: `givenName`
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- Surname attribute (optional)
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- The attribute of the user's LDAP record containing the user's surname.
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This will be used to populate their account information.
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- Example: `sn`
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- E-mail attribute **(required)**
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- The attribute of the user's LDAP record containing the user's email
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address. This will be used to populate their account information.
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- Example: `mail`
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### LDAP via BindDN
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Adds the following fields:
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- Bind DN (optional)
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- The DN to bind to the LDAP server with when searching for the user. This
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may be left blank to perform an anonymous search.
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- Example: `cn=Search,dc=mydomain,dc=com`
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- Bind Password (optional)
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- The password for the Bind DN specified above, if any. _Note: The password
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is stored encrypted with the SECRET_KEY on the server. It is still recommended
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to ensure that the Bind DN has as few privileges as possible._
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- User Search Base **(required)**
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- The LDAP base at which user accounts will be searched for.
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- Example: `ou=Users,dc=mydomain,dc=com`
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- User Filter **(required)**
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- An LDAP filter declaring how to find the user record that is attempting to
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authenticate. The `%s` matching parameter will be substituted with login
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name given on sign-in form.
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- Example: `(&(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%s))`
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- Example for Microsoft Active Directory (AD): `(&(objectCategory=Person)(memberOf=CN=user-group,OU=example,DC=example,DC=org)(sAMAccountName=%s)(!(UserAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)))`
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- To substitute more than once, `%[1]s` should be used instead, e.g. when
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matching supplied login name against multiple attributes such as user
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identifier, email or even phone number.
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- Example: `(&(objectClass=Person)(|(uid=%[1]s)(mail=%[1]s)(mobile=%[1]s)))`
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- Enable user synchronization
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- This option enables a periodic task that synchronizes the Gitea users with
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the LDAP server. The default period is every 24 hours but that can be
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changed in the app.ini file. See the _cron.sync_external_users_ section in
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the [sample
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app.ini](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/master/custom/conf/app.example.ini)
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for detailed comments about that section. The _User Search Base_ and _User
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Filter_ settings described above will limit which users can use Gitea and
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which users will be synchronized. When initially run the task will create
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all LDAP users that match the given settings so take care if working with
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large Enterprise LDAP directories.
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### LDAP using simple auth
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Adds the following fields:
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- User DN **(required)**
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- A template to use as the user's DN. The `%s` matching parameter will be
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substituted with login name given on sign-in form.
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- Example: `cn=%s,ou=Users,dc=mydomain,dc=com`
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- Example: `uid=%s,ou=Users,dc=mydomain,dc=com`
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- User Search Base (optional)
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- The LDAP base at which user accounts will be searched for.
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- Example: `ou=Users,dc=mydomain,dc=com`
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- User Filter **(required)**
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- An LDAP filter declaring when a user should be allowed to log in. The `%s`
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matching parameter will be substituted with login name given on sign-in
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form.
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- Example: `(&(objectClass=posixAccount)(cn=%s))`
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- Example: `(&(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=%s))`
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### Verify group membership in LDAP
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Uses the following fields:
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- Group Search Base (optional)
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- The LDAP DN used for groups.
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- Example: `ou=group,dc=mydomain,dc=com`
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- Group Name Filter (optional)
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- An LDAP filter declaring how to find valid groups in the above DN.
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- Example: `(|(cn=gitea_users)(cn=admins))`
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- User Attribute in Group (optional)
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- Which user LDAP attribute is listed in the group.
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- Example: `uid`
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- Group Attribute for User (optional)
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- Which group LDAP attribute contains an array above user attribute names.
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- Example: `memberUid`
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## PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module)
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To configure PAM, set the 'PAM Service Name' to a filename in `/etc/pam.d/`. To
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work with normal Linux passwords, the user running Gitea must have read access
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to `/etc/shadow`.
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## SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
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This option allows Gitea to log in to an SMTP host as a Gitea user. To
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configure this, set the fields below:
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- Authentication Name **(required)**
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- A name to assign to the new method of authorization.
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- SMTP Authentication Type **(required)**
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- Type of authentication to use to connect to SMTP host, PLAIN or LOGIN.
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- Host **(required)**
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- The address where the SMTP host can be reached.
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- Example: `smtp.mydomain.com`
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- Port **(required)**
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- The port to use when connecting to the server.
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- Example: `587`
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- Allowed Domains
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- Restrict what domains can log in if using a public SMTP host or SMTP host
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with multiple domains.
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- Example: `gitea.io,mydomain.com,mydomain2.com`
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- Enable TLS Encryption
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- Enable TLS encryption on authentication.
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- Skip TLS Verify
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- Disable TLS verify on authentication.
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- This authentication is activate
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- Enable or disable this auth.
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## FreeIPA
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- In order to log in to Gitea using FreeIPA credentials, a bind account needs to
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be created for Gitea:
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- On the FreeIPA server, create a `gitea.ldif` file, replacing `dc=example,dc=com`
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with your DN, and provide an appropriately secure password:
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```sh
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dn: uid=gitea,cn=sysaccounts,cn=etc,dc=example,dc=com
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changetype: add
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objectclass: account
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objectclass: simplesecurityobject
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uid: gitea
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userPassword: secure password
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passwordExpirationTime: 20380119031407Z
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nsIdleTimeout: 0
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```
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- Import the LDIF (change localhost to an IPA server if needed). A prompt for
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Directory Manager password will be presented:
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```sh
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ldapmodify -h localhost -p 389 -x -D \
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"cn=Directory Manager" -W -f gitea.ldif
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```
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- Add an IPA group for gitea_users :
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```sh
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ipa group-add --desc="Gitea Users" gitea_users
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```
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- Note: For errors about IPA credentials, run `kinit admin` and provide the
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domain admin account password.
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- Log in to Gitea as an Administrator and click on "Authentication" under Admin Panel.
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Then click `Add New Source` and fill in the details, changing all where appropriate.
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## SPNEGO with SSPI (Kerberos/NTLM, for Windows only)
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Gitea supports SPNEGO single sign-on authentication (the scheme defined by RFC4559) for the web part of the server via the Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) built in Windows. SSPI works only in Windows environments - when both the server and the clients are running Windows.
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Before activating SSPI single sign-on authentication (SSO) you have to prepare your environment:
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- Create a separate user account in active directory, under which the `gitea.exe` process will be running (eg. `user` under domain `domain.local`):
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- Create a service principal name for the host where `gitea.exe` is running with class `HTTP`:
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- Start `Command Prompt` or `PowerShell` as a priviledged domain user (eg. Domain Administrator)
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- Run the command below, replacing `host.domain.local` with the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the server where the web application will be running, and `domain\user` with the name of the account created in the previous step:
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```sh
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setspn -A HTTP/host.domain.local domain\user
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```
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- Sign in (_sign out if you were already signed in_) with the user created
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- Make sure that `ROOT_URL` in the `[server]` section of `custom/conf/app.ini` is the fully qualified domain name of the server where the web application will be running - the same you used when creating the service principal name (eg. `host.domain.local`)
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- Start the web server (`gitea.exe web`)
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- Enable SSPI authentication by adding an `SPNEGO with SSPI` authentication source in `Site Administration -> Authentication Sources`
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- Sign in to a client computer in the same domain with any domain user (client computer, different from the server running `gitea.exe`)
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- If you are using Chrome or Edge, add the URL of the web app to the Local intranet sites (`Internet Options -> Security -> Local intranet -> Sites`)
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- Start Chrome or Edge and navigate to the FQDN URL of gitea (eg. `http://host.domain.local:3000`)
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- Click the `Sign In` button on the dashboard and choose SSPI to be automatically logged in with the same user that is currently logged on to the computer
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- If it does not work, make sure that:
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- You are not running the web browser on the same server where gitea is running. You should be running the web browser on a domain joined computer (client) that is different from the server. If both the client and server are runnning on the same computer NTLM will be prefered over Kerberos.
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- There is only one `HTTP/...` SPN for the host
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- The SPN contains only the hostname, without the port
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- You have added the URL of the web app to the `Local intranet zone`
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- The clocks of the server and client should not differ with more than 5 minutes (depends on group policy)
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- `Integrated Windows Authentication` should be enabled in Internet Explorer (under `Advanced settings`)
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