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49 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
49 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
# buildFHSUserEnv {#sec-fhs-environments}
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`buildFHSUserEnv` provides a way to build and run FHS-compatible lightweight sandboxes. It creates an isolated root with bound `/nix/store`, so its footprint in terms of disk space needed is quite small. This allows one to run software which is hard or unfeasible to patch for NixOS -- 3rd-party source trees with FHS assumptions, games distributed as tarballs, software with integrity checking and/or external self-updated binaries. It uses Linux namespaces feature to create temporary lightweight environments which are destroyed after all child processes exit, without root user rights requirement. Accepted arguments are:
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- `name`
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Environment name.
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- `targetPkgs`
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Packages to be installed for the main host's architecture (i.e. x86_64 on x86_64 installations). Along with libraries binaries are also installed.
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- `multiPkgs`
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Packages to be installed for all architectures supported by a host (i.e. i686 and x86_64 on x86_64 installations). Only libraries are installed by default.
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- `extraBuildCommands`
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Additional commands to be executed for finalizing the directory structure.
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- `extraBuildCommandsMulti`
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Like `extraBuildCommands`, but executed only on multilib architectures.
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- `extraOutputsToInstall`
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Additional derivation outputs to be linked for both target and multi-architecture packages.
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- `extraInstallCommands`
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Additional commands to be executed for finalizing the derivation with runner script.
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- `runScript`
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A command that would be executed inside the sandbox and passed all the command line arguments. It defaults to `bash`.
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- `profile`
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Optional script for `/etc/profile` within the sandbox.
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One can create a simple environment using a `shell.nix` like that:
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```nix
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{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
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(pkgs.buildFHSUserEnv {
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name = "simple-x11-env";
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targetPkgs = pkgs: (with pkgs;
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[ udev
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alsa-lib
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]) ++ (with pkgs.xorg;
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[ libX11
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libXcursor
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libXrandr
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]);
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multiPkgs = pkgs: (with pkgs;
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[ udev
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alsa-lib
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]);
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runScript = "bash";
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}).env
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```
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Running `nix-shell` would then drop you into a shell with these libraries and binaries available. You can use this to run closed-source applications which expect FHS structure without hassles: simply change `runScript` to the application path, e.g. `./bin/start.sh` -- relative paths are supported.
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Additionally, the FHS builder links all relocated gsettings-schemas (the glib setup-hook moves them to `share/gsettings-schemas/${name}/glib-2.0/schemas`) to their standard FHS location. This means you don't need to wrap binaries with `wrapGAppsHook`.
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