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* Opentracing survival guide * Update decorator names in doc * Doc cleanup These are all alterations as a result of comments in #5703, it includes mostly typos and clarifications. The most interesting changes are: - Split developer and user docs into two sections - Add a high level description of OpenTracing * newsfile * Move contributer specific info to docstring. * Sample config. * Trailing whitespace. * Update 5703.misc * Apply suggestions from code review Mostly just rewording parts of the docs for clarity. Co-Authored-By: Richard van der Hoff <1389908+richvdh@users.noreply.github.com>
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===========
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OpenTracing
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===========
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Background
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----------
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OpenTracing is a semi-standard being adopted by a number of distributed tracing
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platforms. It is a common api for facilitating vendor-agnostic tracing
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instrumentation. That is, we can use the OpenTracing api and select one of a
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number of tracer implementations to do the heavy lifting in the background.
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Our current selected implementation is Jaeger.
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OpenTracing is a tool which gives an insight into the causal relationship of
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work done in and between servers. The servers each track events and report them
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to a centralised server - in Synapse's case: Jaeger. The basic unit used to
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represent events is the span. The span roughly represents a single piece of work
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that was done and the time at which it occurred. A span can have child spans,
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meaning that the work of the child had to be completed for the parent span to
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complete, or it can have follow-on spans which represent work that is undertaken
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as a result of the parent but is not depended on by the parent to in order to
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finish.
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Since this is undertaken in a distributed environment a request to another
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server, such as an RPC or a simple GET, can be considered a span (a unit or
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work) for the local server. This causal link is what OpenTracing aims to
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capture and visualise. In order to do this metadata about the local server's
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span, i.e the 'span context', needs to be included with the request to the
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remote.
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It is up to the remote server to decide what it does with the spans
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it creates. This is called the sampling policy and it can be configured
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through Jaeger's settings.
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For OpenTracing concepts see
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https://opentracing.io/docs/overview/what-is-tracing/.
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For more information about Jaeger's implementation see
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https://www.jaegertracing.io/docs/
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=====================
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Seting up OpenTracing
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=====================
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To receive OpenTracing spans, start up a Jaeger server. This can be done
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using docker like so:
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.. code-block:: bash
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docker run -d --name jaeger
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-p 6831:6831/udp \
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-p 6832:6832/udp \
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-p 5778:5778 \
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-p 16686:16686 \
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-p 14268:14268 \
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jaegertracing/all-in-one:1.13
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Latest documentation is probably at
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https://www.jaegertracing.io/docs/1.13/getting-started/
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Enable OpenTracing in Synapse
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-----------------------------
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OpenTracing is not enabled by default. It must be enabled in the homeserver
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config by uncommenting the config options under ``opentracing`` as shown in
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the `sample config <./sample_config.yaml>`_. For example:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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opentracing:
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tracer_enabled: true
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homeserver_whitelist:
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- "mytrustedhomeserver.org"
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- "*.myotherhomeservers.com"
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Homeserver whitelisting
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-----------------------
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The homeserver whitelist is configured using regular expressions. A list of regular
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expressions can be given and their union will be compared when propagating any
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spans contexts to another homeserver.
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Though it's mostly safe to send and receive span contexts to and from
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untrusted users since span contexts are usually opaque ids it can lead to
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two problems, namely:
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- If the span context is marked as sampled by the sending homeserver the receiver will
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sample it. Therefore two homeservers with wildly different sampling policies
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could incur higher sampling counts than intended.
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- Sending servers can attach arbitrary data to spans, known as 'baggage'. For safety this has been disabled in Synapse
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but that doesn't prevent another server sending you baggage which will be logged
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to OpenTracing's logs.
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==================
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Configuring Jaeger
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==================
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Sampling strategies can be set as in this document:
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https://www.jaegertracing.io/docs/1.13/sampling/
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