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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#" > Ansible Modules< / a > < ul >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#apt" > apt< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#assemble" > assemble< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#authorized-key" > authorized_key< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#command" > command< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#copy" > copy< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#facter" > facter< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#fetch" > fetch< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#file" > file< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#git" > git< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#group" > group< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#ohai" > ohai< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#ping" > ping< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#raw" > raw< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#id13" > service< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#setup" > setup< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#shell" > shell< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#template" > template< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#user" > user< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#virt" > virt< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#yum" > yum< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#writing-your-own-modules" > Writing your own modules< / a > < / li >
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< a href = "http://ansible.github.com" > < img src = "http://ansible.github.com/ansible-logo.png" alt = "Ansible" / > < / a > < br / >
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< br / >
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< div class = "section" id = "ansible-modules" >
< h1 > Ansible Modules< a class = "headerlink" href = "#ansible-modules" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Ansible ships with a number of modules (called the ‘ module library’ )
that can be executed directly on remote hosts or through < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > .
Users can also write their own modules. These modules can control system
resources, like services, packages, or files (anything really), or
handle executing system commands.< / p >
< p > Let’ s review how we execute three different modules from the command line:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=running"
ansible webservers -m ping
ansible webservers -m command -a "/sbin/reboot -t now"< / pre >
< / div >
< p > Each module supports taking arguments. Nearly all modules take < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > key=value< / span > < / tt >
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arguments, space delimited. Some modules take no arguments, and the
command/shell modules simply take the string of the command you want to run.< / p >
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< p > From playbooks, Ansible modules are executed in a very similar way:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > - name: reboot the servers
action: command /sbin/reboot -t now< / pre >
< / div >
< p > All modules technically return JSON format data, though if you are using the
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command line or playbooks, you don’ t really need to know much about
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that. If you’ re writing your own module, you care, and this means you do
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not have to write modules in any particular language – you get to choose.< / p >
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< p > Most modules other than command are < cite > idempotent< / cite > , meaning they will seek
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to avoid changes to the system unless a change needs to be made. When using Ansible
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playbooks, these modules can trigger ‘ change events’ . Unless otherwise
noted, any given module does support change hooks.< / p >
< p > Let’ s see what’ s available in the Ansible module library, out of the box:< / p >
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< div class = "section" id = "apt" >
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< span id = "id1" > < / span > < h2 > apt< a class = "headerlink" href = "#apt" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Manages apt-packages (such as for Debian/Ubuntu).< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > name< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > A package name or package specifier with version, like < cite > foo< / cite > or < cite > foo=1.0< / cite > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > present< / td >
< td > ‘ absent’ , ‘ present’ , or ‘ latest’ .< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > update-cache< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > run the equivalent of apt-get update before the operation?
Can be run as part of the package installation or a seperate step< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > purge< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > Will forge purge of configuration files if state is set to ‘ removed’ .< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > default-release< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Corresponds to the -t option for apt and sets pin priorities< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > install-recommends< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > Corresponds to the – no-install-recommends option for apt, default
behavior works as apt’ s default behavior, ‘ no’ does not install
recommended packages. Suggested packages are never installed.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > apt pkg=foo update-cache=yes
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apt pkg=foo state=removed
apt pkg=foo state=installed
apt pkg=foo=1.00 state=installed
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apt pkg=nginx state=latest default-release=squeeze-backports update-cache=yes
apt pkg=openjdk-6-jdk state=latest install-recommends=no< / pre >
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< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "assemble" >
< span id = "id2" > < / span > < h2 > assemble< a class = "headerlink" href = "#assemble" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< p > (new in 0.5) Assembles a configuration file from fragments. Often a particular program will take a single configuration file
and does not support a conf.d style structure where it is easy to build up the configuration from multiple sources.
Assmeble will take a directory of files that have already been transferred to the system, and concatenate them
together to produce a destination file. Files are assembled in string sorting order. Puppet calls this idea
“ fragments” .< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > src< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > An already existing directory full of source files< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > dest< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > A file to create using the concatenation of all of the source files< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > OTHERS< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > All arguments that the file module takes may also be used< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > assemble src=/etc/someapp/fragments dest=/etc/someapp/someapp.conf< / pre >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "authorized-key" >
< span id = "id3" > < / span > < h2 > authorized_key< a class = "headerlink" href = "#authorized-key" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< p > (new in 0.5). Adds or removes an authorized key for a user from a remote host.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > user< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Name of the user who should have access to the remote host< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > key< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > the SSH public key, as a string< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > present< / td >
< td > whether the given key should or should not be in the file< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > authorized_key user=charlie key="ssh-dss ASDF1234L+8BTwaRYr/rycsBF1D8e5pTxEsXHQs4iq+mZdyWqlW++L6pMiam1A8yweP+rKtgjK2httVS6GigVsuWWfOd7/sdWippefq74nppVUELHPKkaIOjJNN1zUHFoL/YMwAAAEBALnAsQN10TNGsRDe5arBsW8cTOjqLyYBcIqgPYTZW8zENErFxt7ij3fW3Jh/sCpnmy8rkS7FyK8ULX0PEy/2yDx8/5rXgMIICbRH/XaBy9Ud5bRBFVkEDu/r+rXP33wFPHjWjwvHAtfci1NRBAudQI/98DbcGQw5HmE89CjgZRo5ktkC5yu/8agEPocVjdHyZr7PaHfxZGUDGKtGRL2QzRYukCmWo1cZbMBHcI5FzImvTHS9/8B3SATjXMPgbfBuEeBwuBK5EjL+CtHY5bWs9kmYjmeo0KfUMH8hY4MAXDoKhQ7DhBPIrcjS5jPtoGxIREZjba67r6/P2XKXaCZH6Fc= charlie@example.org 2011-01-17"< / pre >
< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "command" >
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< span id = "id4" > < / span > < h2 > command< a class = "headerlink" href = "#command" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > The command module takes the command name followed by a list of
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arguments, space delimited.< / p >
< p > If you want to run a command through the shell (say you are using
‘ < ’ , ‘ > ’ , ‘ |’ , etc), you actually want the ‘ shell’ module instead.
The ‘ command’ module is much more secure as it’ s not affected by the user’ s environment.< / p >
< p > The given command will be executed on all selected nodes. It will not
be processed through the shell, so variables like “ $HOME” and
operations like “ < ” , “ > ” , “ |” , and “ & ” will not work. As such, all
paths to commands must be fully qualified.< / p >
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< p > This module does not support change hooks and returns the return code
from the program as well as timing information about how long the
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command was running.< / p >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > command /sbin/shutdown -t now< / pre >
< / div >
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< p > If you only want to run a command if a certain file does not exist, you can do the
following:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > command /usr/bin/make_database.sh arg1 arg2 creates=/path/to/database< / pre >
< / div >
< p > The < cite > creates=< / cite > option will not be passed to the executable.< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "copy" >
2012-07-04 23:47:04 +02:00
< span id = "id5" > < / span > < h2 > copy< a class = "headerlink" href = "#copy" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
2012-03-16 03:47:21 +01:00
< p > The copy module moves a file on the local box to remote locations. In addition to the options
listed below, the arguments available to the < cite > file< / cite > module can also be passed to the copy
module.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > src< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Local path to a file to copy to the remote server, can be absolute or
relative.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > dest< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Remote absolute path where the file should end up< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > OTHERS< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > All arguments the file module takes are also supported< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > This module also returns md5sum and other information about the resultant file.< / p >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > copy src=/srv/myfiles/foo.conf dest=/etc/foo.conf owner=foo group=foo mode=0644< / pre >
< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "facter" >
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< span id = "id6" > < / span > < h2 > facter< a class = "headerlink" href = "#facter" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Runs the discovery program ‘ facter’ on the remote system, returning
JSON data that can be useful for inventory purposes.< / p >
< p > Requires that ‘ facter’ and ‘ ruby-json’ be installed on the remote end.< / p >
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< p > This module is informative only - it takes no parameters & does not
support change hooks, nor does it make any changes on the system.
Playbooks do not actually use this module, they use the < a class = "reference internal" href = "#setup" > < em > setup< / em > < / a >
module behind the scenes.< / p >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "fetch" >
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< span id = "id7" > < / span > < h2 > fetch< a class = "headerlink" href = "#fetch" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > This module works like ‘ copy’ , but in reverse. It is used for fetching files
from remote machines and storing them locally in a file tree, organized by hostname.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > src< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > The file on the remote system to fetch. This needs to be a file, not
a directory. Recursive fetching may be supported in a later release.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > dest< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > A directory to save the file into. For example, if the ‘ dest’ directory
is ‘ /foo’ , a src file named ‘ /tmp/bar’ on host ‘ host.example.com’ , would
be saved into ‘ /foo/host.example.com/tmp/bar’ < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > fetch src=/var/log/messages dest=/home/logtree< / pre >
< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "file" >
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< span id = "id8" > < / span > < h2 > file< a class = "headerlink" href = "#file" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Sets attributes of files, symlinks, and directories, or removes files/symlinks/directories. Many other modules
support the same options as the file module – including ‘ copy’ , ‘ template’ , and ‘ assmeble’ .< / p >
< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > dest< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > defines the file being managed, unless when used with state=link, and
then sets the destination to create a symbolic link to using ‘ src’ < / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > file< / td >
< td > values are ‘ file’ , ‘ link’ , ‘ directory’ , or ‘ absent’ . If directory,
all immediate subdirectories will be created if they do not exist. If
‘ file’ , the file will NOT be created if it does not exist, see the ‘ copy’
or ‘ template’ module if you want that behavior. If ‘ link’ , the symbolic
link will be created or changed. If absent, directories will be
recursively deleted, and files or symlinks will be unlinked.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > mode< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > mode the file or directory shoudl be, such as 0644 as would be fed to
chmod. English modes like ‘ g+x’ are not yet supported< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > owner< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > name of the user that should own the file/directory, as would be fed to
chown< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > group< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > name of the group that should own the file/directory, as would be fed to
group< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > src< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > path of the file to link to (applies only to state=link)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > seuser< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > user part of SELinux file context. Will default to system policy, if
applicable. If set to ‘ _default’ , it will use the ‘ user’ portion of the
the policy if available< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > serole< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > role part of SELinux file context, ‘ _default’ feature works as above.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > setype< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > type part of SELinux file context, ‘ _default’ feature works as above< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > selevel< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > s0< / td >
< td > level part of the SELinux file context. This is the MLS/MCS attribute,
sometimes known as the ‘ range’ . ‘ _default’ feature works as above< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > context< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > accepts only ‘ default’ as a value. This will restore a file’ s selinux
context in the policy. Does nothing if no default is available.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
2012-04-05 02:31:04 +02:00
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > file path=/etc/foo.conf owner=foo group=foo mode=0644
file path=/some/path owner=foo group=foo state=directory
file path=/path/to/delete state=absent
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file src=/file/to/link/to dest=/path/to/symlink owner=foo group=foo state=link
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file path=/some/path state=directory setype=httpd_sys_content_t
file path=/some/path state=directory context=default< / pre >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "git" >
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< span id = "id9" > < / span > < h2 > git< a class = "headerlink" href = "#git" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Deploys software (or files) from git checkouts.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > repo< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > git, ssh, or http protocol address of the git repo< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > dest< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > absolute path of where the repo should be checked out to< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > version< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > what version to check out – either the git SHA, the literal string
‘ HEAD’ , branch name, or a tag name.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > remote< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > origin< / td >
< td > name of the remote branch< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > git repo=git://foosball.example.org/path/to/repo.git dest=/srv/checkout version=release-0.22< / pre >
< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "group" >
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< span id = "id10" > < / span > < h2 > group< a class = "headerlink" href = "#group" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Adds or removes groups.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > name< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > name of the group< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > gid< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > optional git to set for the group< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > present< / td >
< td > ‘ absent’ or ‘ present’ < / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > system< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > if ‘ yes’ , indicates that the group being created is a system group.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > To control members of the group, see the users resource.< / p >
< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > group name=somegroup state=present< / pre >
< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "ohai" >
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< span id = "id11" > < / span > < h2 > ohai< a class = "headerlink" href = "#ohai" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
2012-03-10 00:29:01 +01:00
< p > Similar to the < a class = "reference internal" href = "#facter" > < em > facter< / em > < / a > module, this returns JSON inventory data.
Ohai data is a bit more verbose and nested than facter.< / p >
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< p > Requires that ‘ ohai’ be installed on the remote end.< / p >
< p > This module is information only - it takes no parameters & does not
support change hooks, nor does it make any changes on the system.< / p >
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< p > Playbooks should not call the ohai module, playbooks call the
< a class = "reference internal" href = "#setup" > < em > setup< / em > < / a > module behind the scenes instead.< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "ping" >
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< span id = "id12" > < / span > < h2 > ping< a class = "headerlink" href = "#ping" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
2012-03-10 00:29:01 +01:00
< p > A trivial test module, this module always returns the integer < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > 1< / span > < / tt > on
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successful contact.< / p >
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< p > This module does not support change hooks and is informative only - it
takes no parameters & does not support change hooks, nor does it make
any changes on the system.< / p >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "raw" >
< span id = "service" > < / span > < h2 > raw< a class = "headerlink" href = "#raw" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Executes a low-down and dirty SSH command, not going through the module subsystem.
This module is new in Ansible 0.4.< / p >
< p > This is useful and should only be done in two cases. The first case is installing
python-simplejson on older (python 2.4 and before) hosts that need it as a dependency
to run modules, since nearly all core modules require it. Another is speaking to any
devices such as routers that do not have any Python installed. In any other case,
using the ‘ shell’ or ‘ command’ module is much more appropriate.< / p >
< p > Arguments given to ‘ raw’ are run directly through the configured remote shell and
only output is returned. There is no error detection or change handler support
for this module.< / p >
< p > Example from < cite > /usr/bin/ansible< / cite > to bootstrap a legacy python 2.4 host:< / p >
2012-05-19 23:30:30 +02:00
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > ansible newhost.example.com raw -a "yum install python-simplejson"< / pre >
< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "id13" >
< h2 > service< a class = "headerlink" href = "#id13" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
2012-03-08 19:36:47 +01:00
< p > Controls services on remote machines.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > name< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > name of the service< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > started< / td >
< td > ‘ started’ , ‘ stopped’ , ‘ reloaded’ , or ‘ restarted’ . Started/stopped are
idempotent actions that will not run commands unless neccessary.
‘ restarted’ will always bounce the service, ‘ reloaded’ will always reload.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > enabled< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Whether the service should start on boot. Either ‘ yes’ or ‘ no’ .< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > list< / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > when used as ‘ list=status’ , returns the status of the service along with
other results. Primarily useful for /usr/bin/ansible or playbooks with
– verbose.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
2012-03-22 06:01:02 +01:00
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > service name=httpd state=started
service name=httpd state=stopped
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service name=httpd state=restarted
service name=httpd state=reloaded< / pre >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "setup" >
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< span id = "id14" > < / span > < h2 > setup< a class = "headerlink" href = "#setup" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > This module is automatically called by playbooks to gather useful variables about remote hosts that can be used
in playbooks. It can also be executed directly by /usr/bin/ansible to check what variables are available
to a host.< / p >
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< p > Ansible provides many ‘ facts’ about the system, automatically.< / p >
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< p > Some of the variables that are supplied are listed below. These in particular
are from a VMWare Fusion 4 VM running CentOS 6.2:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > "ansible_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_distribution": "CentOS",
"ansible_distribution_release": "Final",
"ansible_distribution_version": "6.2",
"ansible_eth0": {
"ipv4": {
"address": "REDACTED",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "REDACTED",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "REDACTED"
},
"ansible_form_factor": "Other",
"ansible_fqdn": "localhost.localdomain",
"ansible_hostname": "localhost",
"ansible_interfaces": [
"lo",
"eth0"
],
"ansible_kernel": "2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64",
"ansible_lo": {
"ipv4": {
"address": "127.0.0.1",
"netmask": "255.0.0.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "::1",
"prefix": "128",
"scope": "host"
}
],
"ansible_machine": "x86_64",
"ansible_memfree_mb": 89,
"ansible_memtotal_mb": 993,
"ansible_processor": [
"Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2677M CPU @ 1.80GHz"
],
"ansible_processor_cores": "NA",
"ansible_processor_count": 1,
"ansible_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform",
"ansible_product_serial": "REDACTED",
"ansible_product_uuid": "REDACTED",
"ansible_product_version": "None",
"ansible_python_version": "2.6.6",
"ansible_product_version": "None",
"ansible_python_version": "2.6.6",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_dsa_public": REDACTED",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "REDACTED",
"ansible_swapfree_mb": 1822,
"ansible_swaptotal_mb": 2015,
"ansible_system": "Linux",
"ansible_system_vendor": "VMware, Inc.",
"ansible_virtualization_role": "None",
"ansible_virtualization_type": "None",< / pre >
< / div >
< p > More ansible facts will be added with successive releases.< / p >
2012-03-10 00:29:01 +01:00
< p > If facter or ohai are installed, variables from these programs will
also be snapshotted into the JSON file for usage in templating. These
variables are prefixed with < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > facter_< / span > < / tt > and < tt class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > ohai_< / span > < / tt > so it’ s easy to
2012-04-26 04:40:11 +02:00
tell their source.< / p >
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< p > All variables are bubbled up to the caller. Using the ansible facts and choosing
2012-04-19 05:02:28 +02:00
to not install facter and ohai means you can avoid ruby-dependencies
on your remote systems.< / p >
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< p > Example action from < cite > /usr/bin/ansible< / cite > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > ansible testserver -m setup< / pre >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "shell" >
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< span id = "id15" > < / span > < h2 > shell< a class = "headerlink" href = "#shell" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
2012-03-15 01:57:35 +01:00
< p > The shell module takes the command name followed by a list of
arguments, space delimited. It is almost exactly like the command module
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but runs the command through the user’ s configured shell on the remote node.< / p >
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< p > The given command will be executed on all selected nodes.< / p >
< p > If you want to execute a command securely and predicably, it may
be better to use the ‘ command’ module instead. Best practices
when writing playbooks will follow the trend of using ‘ command’
unless ‘ shell’ is explicitly required. When running ad-hoc commands,
use your best judgement.< / p >
< p > This module does not support change hooks and returns the return code
from the program as well as timing information about how long the
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command was running.< / p >
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< p > Example action from a playbook:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > shell somescript.sh > > somelog.txt< / pre >
< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "template" >
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< span id = "id16" > < / span > < h2 > template< a class = "headerlink" href = "#template" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Templates a file out to a remote server.< / p >
< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > src< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Path of a Jinja2 formatted template on the local server. This can be
a relative or absolute path.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > dest< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > Location to render the template on the remote server< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > OTHERS< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > This module also supports all of the arguments to the file module< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from a playbook:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > template src=/srv/mytemplates/foo.j2 dest=/etc/foo.conf owner=foo group=foo mode=0644< / pre >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "user" >
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< span id = "id17" > < / span > < h2 > user< a class = "headerlink" href = "#user" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Creates user accounts, manipulates existing user accounts, and removes user accounts.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > name< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > name of the user to create, remove, or edit< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > comment< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > optionally sets the description of the user< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > uid< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > optionally sets the uid of the user< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > group< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > optionally sets the user’ s primary group (takes a group name)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > groups< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > puts the user in this comma-delimited list of groups< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > append< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > if ‘ yes’ , will only add groups, not set them to just the list in ‘ groups’ < / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > shell< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > optionally set the user’ s shell< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > createhome< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > unless ‘ no’ , a home directory will be made for the user< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > home< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > sets where the user’ s homedir should be, if not the default< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > password< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > optionally set the user’ s password to this crypted value. See the user’ s
example in the github examples directory for what this looks like in a
playbook< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > present< / td >
< td > when ‘ absent’ , removes the user.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > system< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > only when initially creating, setting this to ‘ yes’ makes the user a
system account. This setting cannot be changed on existing users.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > force< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > when used with state=absent, behavior is as with userdel – force< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > remove< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > no< / td >
< td > when used with state=remove, behavior is as with userdel – remove< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > user name=mdehaan comment=awesome passwd=awWxVV.JvmdHw createhome=yes
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user name=mdehaan groups=wheel,skynet
user name=mdehaan state=absent force=yes< / pre >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "virt" >
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< span id = "id18" > < / span > < h2 > virt< a class = "headerlink" href = "#virt" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Manages virtual machines supported by libvirt. Requires that libvirt be installed
on the managed machine.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > name< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > name of the guest VM being managed< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > ‘ running’ , ‘ shutdown’ , ‘ destroyed’ , or ‘ undefined’ . Note that there may
be some lag for state requests like ‘ shutdown’ since these refer only to
VM states. After starting a guest, it may not be immediately accessible.< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > command< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > in addition to state management, various non-idempotent commands are
available. See examples below.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > virt guest=alpha state=running
virt guest=alpha state=shutdown
virt guest=alpha state=destroyed
virt guest=alpha state=undefined< / pre >
< / div >
< p > Example guest management commands from /usr/bin/ansible:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > ansible host -m virt -a "guest=foo command=status"
ansible host -m virt -a "guest=foo command=pause"
ansible host -m virt -a "guest=foo command=unpause"
ansible host -m virt -a "guest=foo command=get_xml"
ansible host -m virt -a "guest=foo command=autostart"< / pre >
< / div >
< p > Example host (hypervisor) management commands from /usr/bin/ansible:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > ansible host -m virt -a "command=freemem"
ansible host -m virt -a "command=list_vms"
ansible host -m virt -a "command=info"
ansible host -m virt -a "command=nodeinfo"
ansible host -m virt -a "command=virttype"< / pre >
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< / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "yum" >
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< span id = "id19" > < / span > < h2 > yum< a class = "headerlink" href = "#yum" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Will install, upgrade, remove, and list packages with the yum package manager.< / p >
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< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< colgroup >
< col width = "17%" / >
< col width = "9%" / >
< col width = "8%" / >
< col width = "66%" / >
< / colgroup >
< thead valign = "bottom" >
< tr > < th class = "head" > parameter< / th >
< th class = "head" > required< / th >
< th class = "head" > default< / th >
< th class = "head" > comments< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody valign = "top" >
< tr > < td > name< / td >
< td > yes< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > package name, or package specifier with version, like ‘ name-1.0’ < / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > state< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > present< / td >
< td > ‘ present’ , ‘ latest’ , or ‘ absent’ .< / td >
< / tr >
< tr > < td > list< / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > various non-idempotent commands for usage with /usr/bin/ansible and not
playbooks. See examples below.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > Example action from Ansible < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < pre > yum pkg=httpd state=latest
yum pkg=httpd state=removed
yum pkg=httpd state=installed< / pre >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< div class = "section" id = "writing-your-own-modules" >
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< h2 > Writing your own modules< a class = "headerlink" href = "#writing-your-own-modules" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > See < a class = "reference internal" href = "moduledev.html" > < em > Module Development< / em > < / a > .< / p >
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< div class = "admonition-see-also admonition seealso" >
< p class = "first admonition-title" > See also< / p >
< dl class = "last docutils" >
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< dt > < a class = "reference internal" href = "examples.html" > < em > Command Line< / em > < / a > < / dt >
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< dd > Examples of using modules in /usr/bin/ansible< / dd >
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< dt > < a class = "reference internal" href = "playbooks.html" > < em > Playbooks< / em > < / a > < / dt >
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< dd > Examples of using modules with /usr/bin/ansible-playbook< / dd >
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< dt > < a class = "reference internal" href = "moduledev.html" > < em > Module Development< / em > < / a > < / dt >
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< dd > How to write your own modules< / dd >
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< dt > < a class = "reference internal" href = "api.html" > < em > API & Integrations< / em > < / a > < / dt >
< dd > Examples of using modules with the Python API< / dd >
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< dt > < a class = "reference external" href = "http://groups.google.com/group/ansible-project" > Mailing List< / a > < / dt >
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< dd > Questions? Help? Ideas? Stop by the list on Google Groups< / dd >
< dt > < a class = "reference external" href = "http://irc.freenode.net" > irc.freenode.net< / a > < / dt >
< dd > #ansible IRC chat channel< / dd >
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< / dl >
< / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< br / >
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< / div >
2012-04-28 16:53:15 +02:00
< footer class = "footer" >
< div class = "container" >
< div id = "fb-root" > < / div >
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< p >
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< a href = "https://twitter.com/share" class = "twitter-share-button" data-text = "ansible.github.com" > Share On Twitter< / a >
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< g:plusone annotation = "inline" > < / g:plusone >
< div class = "fb-like" data-href = "http://ansible.github.com" data-send = "true" data-width = "450" data-show-faces = "false" > < / div >
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< / p >
< p >
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© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.< br / >
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Last updated on Jul 28, 2012.< br / >
2012-03-09 17:44:14 +01:00
< / p >
< / div >
< / footer >
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< / body >
< / html >
