170 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
170 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
Build PowerShell on Linux
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=========================
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This guide will walk you through building PowerShell on Linux. We'll
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start by showing how to set up your environment from scratch.
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Environment
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===========
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These instructions are written assuming the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, since
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that's the distro the team uses.
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Git Setup
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---------
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Using Git requires it to be setup correctly; refer to the
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[README](../../README.md) and
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[Contributing Guidelines](../../.github/CONTRIBUTING.md).
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This guide assumes that you have recursively cloned the PowerShell
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repository and `cd`ed into it.
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Toolchain Setup
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---------------
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We use the [.NET Command Line Interface][dotnet-cli] (`dotnet`) to
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build the managed components, and [CMake][] to build the native
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components. Install the following packages for the toolchain:
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- `dotnet`: Must be installed from the `Start-PSBootstrap` module as described below.
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- `cmake`
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- `make`
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- `g++`
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Unfortunately, the `apt-get` feed for `dotnet` has been deprecated,
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and the latest version is only distributed in the form of three
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separate packages, which require manual dependency resolution.
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Installing the toolchain is as easy as running `Start-PSBootstrap` in
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PowerShell. Of course, this requires a self-hosted copy of PowerShell
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on Linux.
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Fortunately, this is as easy as downloading and installing the
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package. Unfortunately, while the repository is still private, the
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package cannot be downloaded as simply as with `wget`. We have a
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script that wraps the GitHub API and uses a personal access token to
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authorize in order to obtain the package.
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The `./download.sh` script will also install the PowerShell package.
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> You can alternativelly download via a browser, upload it to your
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> box via some other method, and manually install it.
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In Bash:
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```sh
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GITHUB_TOKEN=<replace with your token> ./download.sh
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powershell
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```
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You should now be in a `powershell` console host that is installed
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separately from any development copy you're about to build. Just
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import our module, bootsrap the dependencies, and build!
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In PowerShell:
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```powershell
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Import-Module ./build.psm1
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Start-PSBootstrap
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```
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The `Start-PSBootstrap` function does the following:
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- Adds the LLVM package feed
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- Installs our dependencies combined with the dependencies of the .NET
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CLI toolchain via `apt-get`
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- Installs the .NET CLI host, shared framework, and SDK by downloading
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the three `.deb` packages and using `dpkg -i`
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[dotnet-cli]: https://github.com/dotnet/cli#new-to-net-cli
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[CMake]: https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v2.8.12/cmake.html
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.NET CLI
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--------
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If you have any problems installing `dotnet`, please see their
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[documentation][cli-docs].
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The version of .NET CLI is very important, you need a recent build of
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1.0.0 (**not** 1.0.1).
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Previous installations of DNX, `dnvm`, or older installations of .NET
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CLI can cause odd failures when running. Please check your version and
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uninstall prior any prior versions.
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[cli-docs]: https://dotnet.github.io/getting-started/
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Build using our module
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======================
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We maintain a [PowerShell module](../../build.psm1) with
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the function `Start-PSBuild` to build PowerShell. Since this is
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PowerShell code, it requires self-hosting. If you have followed the
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toolchain setup section above, you should have `powershell` installed.
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> If you cannot or do not want to self-host, `Start-PSBuild` is just a
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> convenience; you can execute each step of the build process yourself
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> in Bash; see [Build manually][#Build manually] below.
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```powershell
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Import-Module ./build.psm1
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Start-PSBuild
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```
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Congratulations! If everything went right, PowerShell is now built.
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The `Start-PSBuild` script will output the location of the executable:
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`./src/powershell/bin/Linux/netcoreapp1.0/ubuntu.14.04-x64/powershell`.
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You can run our cross-platform Pester tests with `Start-PSPester`, and
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our xUnit tests with `Start-PSxUnit`.
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Build manually
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==============
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The following goes into detail about what `Start-PSBuild` does.
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Build the native library
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------------------------
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The `libpsl-native.so` library consists of native functions that
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`CorePsPlatform.cs` P/Invokes.
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```sh
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pushd src/libpsl-native
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cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
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make -j
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make test
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popd
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```
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This library will be emitted in the `src/powershell` project, where `dotnet`
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consumes it as "content" and thus automatically deploys it.
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Build the managed projects
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--------------------------
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The `powershell` project is the .NET Core PowerShell host. It is the top level
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project, so `dotnet build` transitively builds all its dependencies, and emits a
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`powershell` executable. The `--configuration Linux` flag is necessary to ensure
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that the preprocessor definition `LINUX` is defined (see [issue #673][]).
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```sh
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dotnet restore
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cd src/powershell
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dotnet build --configuration Linux
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```
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The executable will be in
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`./bin/[configuration]/[framework]/[rid]/[binary name]`, where our
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configuration is `Linux`, framework is `netcoreapp1.0`, runtime
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identifier is `ubuntu.14.04-x64`, and binary name is `powershell`. The
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function `Get-PSOutput` will return the path to the executable; thus
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you can execute the development copy via `& (Get-PSOutput)`.
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For deploying PowerShell, `dotnet publish` will emit a `publish`
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directory that contains a flat list of every dependency required for
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PowerShell. This can be copied to, say, `/usr/local/share/powershell`
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or packaged.
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[issue #673]: https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/issues/673
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