godot/modules/mono/glue/GodotSharp/GodotSharp/Core/Mathf.cs

716 lines
28 KiB
C#

#if REAL_T_IS_DOUBLE
using real_t = System.Double;
#else
using real_t = System.Single;
#endif
using System;
namespace Godot
{
/// <summary>
/// Provides constants and static methods for common mathematical functions.
/// </summary>
public static partial class Mathf
{
// Define constants with Decimal precision and cast down to double or float.
/// <summary>
/// The circle constant, the circumference of the unit circle in radians.
/// </summary>
// 6.2831855f and 6.28318530717959
public const real_t Tau = (real_t)6.2831853071795864769252867666M;
/// <summary>
/// Constant that represents how many times the diameter of a circle
/// fits around its perimeter. This is equivalent to <c>Mathf.Tau / 2</c>.
/// </summary>
// 3.1415927f and 3.14159265358979
public const real_t Pi = (real_t)3.1415926535897932384626433833M;
/// <summary>
/// Positive infinity. For negative infinity, use <c>-Mathf.Inf</c>.
/// </summary>
public const real_t Inf = real_t.PositiveInfinity;
/// <summary>
/// "Not a Number", an invalid value. <c>NaN</c> has special properties, including
/// that it is not equal to itself. It is output by some invalid operations,
/// such as dividing zero by zero.
/// </summary>
public const real_t NaN = real_t.NaN;
// 0.0174532924f and 0.0174532925199433
private const real_t _deg2RadConst = (real_t)0.0174532925199432957692369077M;
// 57.29578f and 57.2957795130823
private const real_t _rad2DegConst = (real_t)57.295779513082320876798154814M;
/// <summary>
/// Returns the absolute value of <paramref name="s"/> (i.e. positive value).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input number.</param>
/// <returns>The absolute value of <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static int Abs(int s)
{
return Math.Abs(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the absolute value of <paramref name="s"/> (i.e. positive value).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input number.</param>
/// <returns>The absolute value of <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Abs(real_t s)
{
return Math.Abs(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the arc cosine of <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// Use to get the angle of cosine <paramref name="s"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input cosine value. Must be on the range of -1.0 to 1.0.</param>
/// <returns>
/// An angle that would result in the given cosine value. On the range <c>0</c> to <c>Tau/2</c>.
/// </returns>
public static real_t Acos(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Acos(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the arc sine of <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// Use to get the angle of sine <paramref name="s"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input sine value. Must be on the range of -1.0 to 1.0.</param>
/// <returns>
/// An angle that would result in the given sine value. On the range <c>-Tau/4</c> to <c>Tau/4</c>.
/// </returns>
public static real_t Asin(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Asin(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the arc tangent of <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// Use to get the angle of tangent <paramref name="s"/>.
///
/// The method cannot know in which quadrant the angle should fall.
/// See <see cref="Atan2(real_t, real_t)"/> if you have both <c>y</c> and <c>x</c>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input tangent value.</param>
/// <returns>
/// An angle that would result in the given tangent value. On the range <c>-Tau/4</c> to <c>Tau/4</c>.
/// </returns>
public static real_t Atan(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Atan(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the arc tangent of <paramref name="y"/> and <paramref name="x"/> in radians.
/// Use to get the angle of the tangent of <c>y/x</c>. To compute the value, the method takes into
/// account the sign of both arguments in order to determine the quadrant.
///
/// Important note: The Y coordinate comes first, by convention.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="y">The Y coordinate of the point to find the angle to.</param>
/// <param name="x">The X coordinate of the point to find the angle to.</param>
/// <returns>
/// An angle that would result in the given tangent value. On the range <c>-Tau/2</c> to <c>Tau/2</c>.
/// </returns>
public static real_t Atan2(real_t y, real_t x)
{
return (real_t)Math.Atan2(y, x);
}
/// <summary>
/// Rounds <paramref name="s"/> upward (towards positive infinity).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The number to ceil.</param>
/// <returns>The smallest whole number that is not less than <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Ceil(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Ceiling(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Clamps a <paramref name="value"/> so that it is not less than <paramref name="min"/>
/// and not more than <paramref name="max"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to clamp.</param>
/// <param name="min">The minimum allowed value.</param>
/// <param name="max">The maximum allowed value.</param>
/// <returns>The clamped value.</returns>
public static int Clamp(int value, int min, int max)
{
return value < min ? min : value > max ? max : value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Clamps a <paramref name="value"/> so that it is not less than <paramref name="min"/>
/// and not more than <paramref name="max"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to clamp.</param>
/// <param name="min">The minimum allowed value.</param>
/// <param name="max">The maximum allowed value.</param>
/// <returns>The clamped value.</returns>
public static real_t Clamp(real_t value, real_t min, real_t max)
{
return value < min ? min : value > max ? max : value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the cosine of angle <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The angle in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The cosine of that angle.</returns>
public static real_t Cos(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Cos(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the hyperbolic cosine of angle <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The angle in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The hyperbolic cosine of that angle.</returns>
public static real_t Cosh(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Cosh(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts an angle expressed in degrees to radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="deg">An angle expressed in degrees.</param>
/// <returns>The same angle expressed in radians.</returns>
public static real_t Deg2Rad(real_t deg)
{
return deg * _deg2RadConst;
}
/// <summary>
/// Easing function, based on exponent. The <paramref name="curve"/> values are:
/// <c>0</c> is constant, <c>1</c> is linear, <c>0</c> to <c>1</c> is ease-in, <c>1</c> or more is ease-out.
/// Negative values are in-out/out-in.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The value to ease.</param>
/// <param name="curve">
/// <c>0</c> is constant, <c>1</c> is linear, <c>0</c> to <c>1</c> is ease-in, <c>1</c> or more is ease-out.
/// </param>
/// <returns>The eased value.</returns>
public static real_t Ease(real_t s, real_t curve)
{
if (s < 0f)
{
s = 0f;
}
else if (s > 1.0f)
{
s = 1.0f;
}
if (curve > 0f)
{
if (curve < 1.0f)
{
return 1.0f - Pow(1.0f - s, 1.0f / curve);
}
return Pow(s, curve);
}
if (curve < 0f)
{
if (s < 0.5f)
{
return Pow(s * 2.0f, -curve) * 0.5f;
}
return ((1.0f - Pow(1.0f - ((s - 0.5f) * 2.0f), -curve)) * 0.5f) + 0.5f;
}
return 0f;
}
/// <summary>
/// The natural exponential function. It raises the mathematical
/// constant <c>e</c> to the power of <paramref name="s"/> and returns it.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The exponent to raise <c>e</c> to.</param>
/// <returns><c>e</c> raised to the power of <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Exp(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Exp(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Rounds <paramref name="s"/> downward (towards negative infinity).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The number to floor.</param>
/// <returns>The largest whole number that is not more than <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Floor(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Floor(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a normalized value considering the given range.
/// This is the opposite of <see cref="Lerp(real_t, real_t, real_t)"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="from">The interpolated value.</param>
/// <param name="to">The destination value for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="weight">A value on the range of 0.0 to 1.0, representing the amount of interpolation.</param>
/// <returns>The resulting value of the inverse interpolation.</returns>
public static real_t InverseLerp(real_t from, real_t to, real_t weight)
{
return (weight - from) / (to - from);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns <see langword="true"/> if <paramref name="a"/> and <paramref name="b"/> are approximately equal
/// to each other.
/// The comparison is done using a tolerance calculation with <see cref="Epsilon"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">One of the values.</param>
/// <param name="b">The other value.</param>
/// <returns>A <see langword="bool"/> for whether or not the two values are approximately equal.</returns>
public static bool IsEqualApprox(real_t a, real_t b)
{
// Check for exact equality first, required to handle "infinity" values.
if (a == b)
{
return true;
}
// Then check for approximate equality.
real_t tolerance = Epsilon * Abs(a);
if (tolerance < Epsilon)
{
tolerance = Epsilon;
}
return Abs(a - b) < tolerance;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns whether <paramref name="s"/> is an infinity value (either positive infinity or negative infinity).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The value to check.</param>
/// <returns>A <see langword="bool"/> for whether or not the value is an infinity value.</returns>
public static bool IsInf(real_t s)
{
return real_t.IsInfinity(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns whether <paramref name="s"/> is a <c>NaN</c> ("Not a Number" or invalid) value.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The value to check.</param>
/// <returns>A <see langword="bool"/> for whether or not the value is a <c>NaN</c> value.</returns>
public static bool IsNaN(real_t s)
{
return real_t.IsNaN(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns <see langword="true"/> if <paramref name="s"/> is approximately zero.
/// The comparison is done using a tolerance calculation with <see cref="Epsilon"/>.
///
/// This method is faster than using <see cref="IsEqualApprox(real_t, real_t)"/> with one value as zero.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The value to check.</param>
/// <returns>A <see langword="bool"/> for whether or not the value is nearly zero.</returns>
public static bool IsZeroApprox(real_t s)
{
return Abs(s) < Epsilon;
}
/// <summary>
/// Linearly interpolates between two values by a normalized value.
/// This is the opposite <see cref="InverseLerp(real_t, real_t, real_t)"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="from">The start value for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="to">The destination value for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="weight">A value on the range of 0.0 to 1.0, representing the amount of interpolation.</param>
/// <returns>The resulting value of the interpolation.</returns>
public static real_t Lerp(real_t from, real_t to, real_t weight)
{
return from + ((to - from) * weight);
}
/// <summary>
/// Linearly interpolates between two angles (in radians) by a normalized value.
///
/// Similar to <see cref="Lerp(real_t, real_t, real_t)"/>,
/// but interpolates correctly when the angles wrap around <see cref="Tau"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="from">The start angle for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="to">The destination angle for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="weight">A value on the range of 0.0 to 1.0, representing the amount of interpolation.</param>
/// <returns>The resulting angle of the interpolation.</returns>
public static real_t LerpAngle(real_t from, real_t to, real_t weight)
{
real_t difference = (to - from) % Mathf.Tau;
real_t distance = ((2 * difference) % Mathf.Tau) - difference;
return from + (distance * weight);
}
/// <summary>
/// Natural logarithm. The amount of time needed to reach a certain level of continuous growth.
///
/// Note: This is not the same as the "log" function on most calculators, which uses a base 10 logarithm.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input value.</param>
/// <returns>The natural log of <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Log(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Log(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the maximum of two values.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">One of the values.</param>
/// <param name="b">The other value.</param>
/// <returns>Whichever of the two values is higher.</returns>
public static int Max(int a, int b)
{
return a > b ? a : b;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the maximum of two values.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">One of the values.</param>
/// <param name="b">The other value.</param>
/// <returns>Whichever of the two values is higher.</returns>
public static real_t Max(real_t a, real_t b)
{
return a > b ? a : b;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the minimum of two values.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">One of the values.</param>
/// <param name="b">The other value.</param>
/// <returns>Whichever of the two values is lower.</returns>
public static int Min(int a, int b)
{
return a < b ? a : b;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the minimum of two values.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">One of the values.</param>
/// <param name="b">The other value.</param>
/// <returns>Whichever of the two values is lower.</returns>
public static real_t Min(real_t a, real_t b)
{
return a < b ? a : b;
}
/// <summary>
/// Moves <paramref name="from"/> toward <paramref name="to"/> by the <paramref name="delta"/> value.
///
/// Use a negative <paramref name="delta"/> value to move away.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="from">The start value.</param>
/// <param name="to">The value to move towards.</param>
/// <param name="delta">The amount to move by.</param>
/// <returns>The value after moving.</returns>
public static real_t MoveToward(real_t from, real_t to, real_t delta)
{
if (Abs(to - from) <= delta)
return to;
return from + (Sign(to - from) * delta);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the nearest larger power of 2 for the integer <paramref name="value"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The input value.</param>
/// <returns>The nearest larger power of 2.</returns>
public static int NearestPo2(int value)
{
value--;
value |= value >> 1;
value |= value >> 2;
value |= value >> 4;
value |= value >> 8;
value |= value >> 16;
value++;
return value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Performs a canonical Modulus operation, where the output is on the range [0, <paramref name="b"/>).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">The dividend, the primary input.</param>
/// <param name="b">The divisor. The output is on the range [0, <paramref name="b"/>).</param>
/// <returns>The resulting output.</returns>
public static int PosMod(int a, int b)
{
int c = a % b;
if ((c < 0 && b > 0) || (c > 0 && b < 0))
{
c += b;
}
return c;
}
/// <summary>
/// Performs a canonical Modulus operation, where the output is on the range [0, <paramref name="b"/>).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">The dividend, the primary input.</param>
/// <param name="b">The divisor. The output is on the range [0, <paramref name="b"/>).</param>
/// <returns>The resulting output.</returns>
public static real_t PosMod(real_t a, real_t b)
{
real_t c = a % b;
if ((c < 0 && b > 0) || (c > 0 && b < 0))
{
c += b;
}
return c;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the result of <paramref name="x"/> raised to the power of <paramref name="y"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="x">The base.</param>
/// <param name="y">The exponent.</param>
/// <returns><paramref name="x"/> raised to the power of <paramref name="y"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Pow(real_t x, real_t y)
{
return (real_t)Math.Pow(x, y);
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts an angle expressed in radians to degrees.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="rad">An angle expressed in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The same angle expressed in degrees.</returns>
public static real_t Rad2Deg(real_t rad)
{
return rad * _rad2DegConst;
}
/// <summary>
/// Rounds <paramref name="s"/> to the nearest whole number,
/// with halfway cases rounded towards the nearest multiple of two.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The number to round.</param>
/// <returns>The rounded number.</returns>
public static real_t Round(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Round(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the sign of <paramref name="s"/>: <c>-1</c> or <c>1</c>.
/// Returns <c>0</c> if <paramref name="s"/> is <c>0</c>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input number.</param>
/// <returns>One of three possible values: <c>1</c>, <c>-1</c>, or <c>0</c>.</returns>
public static int Sign(int s)
{
if (s == 0)
return 0;
return s < 0 ? -1 : 1;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the sign of <paramref name="s"/>: <c>-1</c> or <c>1</c>.
/// Returns <c>0</c> if <paramref name="s"/> is <c>0</c>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input number.</param>
/// <returns>One of three possible values: <c>1</c>, <c>-1</c>, or <c>0</c>.</returns>
public static int Sign(real_t s)
{
if (s == 0)
return 0;
return s < 0 ? -1 : 1;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the sine of angle <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The angle in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The sine of that angle.</returns>
public static real_t Sin(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Sin(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the hyperbolic sine of angle <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The angle in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The hyperbolic sine of that angle.</returns>
public static real_t Sinh(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Sinh(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns a number smoothly interpolated between <paramref name="from"/> and <paramref name="to"/>,
/// based on the <paramref name="weight"/>. Similar to <see cref="Lerp(real_t, real_t, real_t)"/>,
/// but interpolates faster at the beginning and slower at the end.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="from">The start value for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="to">The destination value for interpolation.</param>
/// <param name="weight">A value representing the amount of interpolation.</param>
/// <returns>The resulting value of the interpolation.</returns>
public static real_t SmoothStep(real_t from, real_t to, real_t weight)
{
if (IsEqualApprox(from, to))
{
return from;
}
real_t x = Clamp((weight - from) / (to - from), (real_t)0.0, (real_t)1.0);
return x * x * (3 - (2 * x));
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the square root of <paramref name="s"/>, where <paramref name="s"/> is a non-negative number.
///
/// If you need negative inputs, use <see cref="System.Numerics.Complex"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The input number. Must not be negative.</param>
/// <returns>The square root of <paramref name="s"/>.</returns>
public static real_t Sqrt(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Sqrt(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the position of the first non-zero digit, after the
/// decimal point. Note that the maximum return value is 10,
/// which is a design decision in the implementation.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="step">The input value.</param>
/// <returns>The position of the first non-zero digit.</returns>
public static int StepDecimals(real_t step)
{
double[] sd = new double[]
{
0.9999,
0.09999,
0.009999,
0.0009999,
0.00009999,
0.000009999,
0.0000009999,
0.00000009999,
0.000000009999,
};
double abs = Abs(step);
double decs = abs - (int)abs; // Strip away integer part
for (int i = 0; i < sd.Length; i++)
{
if (decs >= sd[i])
{
return i;
}
}
return 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Snaps float value <paramref name="s"/> to a given <paramref name="step"/>.
/// This can also be used to round a floating point number to an arbitrary number of decimals.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The value to snap.</param>
/// <param name="step">The step size to snap to.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static real_t Snapped(real_t s, real_t step)
{
if (step != 0f)
{
return Floor((s / step) + 0.5f) * step;
}
return s;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the tangent of angle <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The angle in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The tangent of that angle.</returns>
public static real_t Tan(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Tan(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the hyperbolic tangent of angle <paramref name="s"/> in radians.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The angle in radians.</param>
/// <returns>The hyperbolic tangent of that angle.</returns>
public static real_t Tanh(real_t s)
{
return (real_t)Math.Tanh(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps <paramref name="value"/> between <paramref name="min"/> and <paramref name="max"/>.
/// Usable for creating loop-alike behavior or infinite surfaces.
/// If <paramref name="min"/> is <c>0</c>, this is equivalent
/// to <see cref="PosMod(int, int)"/>, so prefer using that instead.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to wrap.</param>
/// <param name="min">The minimum allowed value and lower bound of the range.</param>
/// <param name="max">The maximum allowed value and upper bound of the range.</param>
/// <returns>The wrapped value.</returns>
public static int Wrap(int value, int min, int max)
{
int range = max - min;
if (range == 0)
return min;
return min + ((((value - min) % range) + range) % range);
}
/// <summary>
/// Wraps <paramref name="value"/> between <paramref name="min"/> and <paramref name="max"/>.
/// Usable for creating loop-alike behavior or infinite surfaces.
/// If <paramref name="min"/> is <c>0</c>, this is equivalent
/// to <see cref="PosMod(real_t, real_t)"/>, so prefer using that instead.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to wrap.</param>
/// <param name="min">The minimum allowed value and lower bound of the range.</param>
/// <param name="max">The maximum allowed value and upper bound of the range.</param>
/// <returns>The wrapped value.</returns>
public static real_t Wrap(real_t value, real_t min, real_t max)
{
real_t range = max - min;
if (IsZeroApprox(range))
{
return min;
}
return min + ((((value - min) % range) + range) % range);
}
private static real_t Fract(real_t value)
{
return value - (real_t)Math.Floor(value);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the [code]value[/code] wrapped between [code]0[/code] and the [code]length[/code].
/// If the limit is reached, the next value the function returned is decreased to the [code]0[/code] side or increased to the [code]length[/code] side (like a triangle wave).
/// If [code]length[/code] is less than zero, it becomes positive.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to pingpong.</param>
/// <param name="length">The maximum value of the function.</param>
/// <returns>The ping-ponged value.</returns>
public static real_t PingPong(real_t value, real_t length)
{
return (length != (real_t)0.0) ? Abs(Fract((value - length) / (length * (real_t)2.0)) * length * (real_t)2.0 - length) : (real_t)0.0;
}
}
}